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Benny AT, Radhakrishnan EK. Advances in the site-selective C-5, C-3 and C-2 functionalization of chromones via sp 2 C-H activation. RSC Adv 2022; 12:3343-3358. [PMID: 35425362 PMCID: PMC8979368 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra08214k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, site-selective C-H activation at C-5, C-3 and C-2 positions of chromones for the introduction of structural diversity to the chromone scaffold was studied. The keto group of the chromone moiety acts as the directing group for the selective functionalization of chromones at the C-5 position. Furthermore, the C-H functionalization at the electron-rich C-3 position of the chromone can be achieved using electrophilic coupling partners. The C-H functionalization at the C-2 position can be possible using nucleophilic coupling partners. The direct functionalization methods provide a better pathway for the generation of C-5, C-3 and C-2-substituted chromones with good atom economy than that of classical pre-functionalized reaction protocols.
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2
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Kang D, Ahn K, Hong S. Site-Selective C−H Bond Functionalization of Chromones and Coumarins. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201800128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dahye Kang
- Department of Chemistry; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST); Daejeon Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations; Institute for Basic Science (IBS); Daejeon Korea
| | - Kukcheol Ahn
- Department of Chemistry; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST); Daejeon Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations; Institute for Basic Science (IBS); Daejeon Korea
| | - Sungwoo Hong
- Department of Chemistry; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST); Daejeon Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations; Institute for Basic Science (IBS); Daejeon Korea
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3
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Le Bras J, Muzart J. Palladium-Catalyzed Domino Dehydrogenation/Heck-Type Reactions of Carbonyl Compounds. Adv Synth Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201800258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jean Le Bras
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims, UMR 7312; CNRS - Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne; B.P. 1039 51687 Reims Cedex 2 France
| | - Jacques Muzart
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims, UMR 7312; CNRS - Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne; B.P. 1039 51687 Reims Cedex 2 France
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4
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Seo DY, Kim G, Jo HY, Kim JN. Synthesis of Cyclopentadiindolyl Spirooxindoles via Palladium-catalyzed Intramolecular Oxidative Indole-Indole Coupling Reaction. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.11432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Da Young Seo
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Basic Science; Chonnam National University; Gwangju 500-757 South Korea
| | - Gieun Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Basic Science; Chonnam National University; Gwangju 500-757 South Korea
| | - Hwi Yul Jo
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Basic Science; Chonnam National University; Gwangju 500-757 South Korea
| | - Jae Nyoung Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Basic Science; Chonnam National University; Gwangju 500-757 South Korea
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5
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Synthesis of Pyrrole-Annulated Heterocycles through Copper-Catalyzed Site-Selective Dehydrogenative Cross-Coupling. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201700929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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6
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Choi H, Min M, Peng Q, Kang D, Paton RS, Hong S. Unraveling innate substrate control in site-selective palladium-catalyzed C-H heterocycle functionalization. Chem Sci 2016; 7:3900-3909. [PMID: 30155034 PMCID: PMC6013790 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc04590h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the regioselectivity of C-H activation in the absence of directing groups is an important step towards the design of site-selective C-H functionalizations. The Pd(ii)-catalyzed direct arylation of chromones and enaminones provides an intriguing example where a simple substitution leads to a divergence in substrate-controlled site-selectivity. We describe computational and experimental studies which reveal this results from a switch in mechanism and therefore the selectivity-determining step. We present computational results and experimentally measured kinetic isotope effects and labelling studies consistent with this proposal. The C-H activation of these substrates proceeds via a CMD mechanism, which favors more electron rich positions and therefore displays a pronounced kinetic selectivity for the C3-position. However, C2-selective carbopalladation is also a competitive pathway for chromones so that the overall regiochemical outcome depends on which substrate undergoes activation first. Our studies provide insight into the site-selectivity based on the favorability of two competing CMD and carbopalladation processes of the substrates undergoing coupling. This model can be utilized to predict the regioselectivity of coumarins which are proficient substrates for carbopalladation. Furthermore, our model is able to account for the opposite selectivities observed for enaminone and chromone, and explains how a less reactive coupling partner leads to a switch in selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwanho Choi
- Chemistry Research Laboratory , Department of Chemistry , University of Oxford , 12 Mansfield Road , Oxford OX1 3TA , UK . ;
| | - Minsik Min
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations , Institute for Basic Science (IBS) , Daejeon , 34141 Korea .
- Department of Chemistry , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , Daejeon , 34141 Korea
| | - Qian Peng
- Chemistry Research Laboratory , Department of Chemistry , University of Oxford , 12 Mansfield Road , Oxford OX1 3TA , UK . ;
| | - Dahye Kang
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations , Institute for Basic Science (IBS) , Daejeon , 34141 Korea .
- Department of Chemistry , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , Daejeon , 34141 Korea
| | - Robert S Paton
- Chemistry Research Laboratory , Department of Chemistry , University of Oxford , 12 Mansfield Road , Oxford OX1 3TA , UK . ;
| | - Sungwoo Hong
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations , Institute for Basic Science (IBS) , Daejeon , 34141 Korea .
- Department of Chemistry , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , Daejeon , 34141 Korea
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7
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Lee J, Yu J, Son SH, Heo J, Kim T, An JY, Inn KS, Kim NJ. A versatile approach to flavones via a one-pot Pd(ii)-catalyzed dehydrogenation/oxidative boron-Heck coupling sequence of chromanones. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:777-784. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ob01911g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A variety of flavones were expediently synthesized from readily accessible chromanones via a one-pot sequence involving Pd(ii)-catalyzed dehydrogenation and oxidative boron-Heck coupling with arylboronic acid pinacol esters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Lee
- College of Pharmacy
- Kyung Hee University
- Seoul
- Republic of Korea
| | - Jihyun Yu
- College of Pharmacy
- Kyung Hee University
- Seoul
- Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hwan Son
- College of Pharmacy
- Kyung Hee University
- Seoul
- Republic of Korea
| | - Jinyuk Heo
- College of Pharmacy
- Kyung Hee University
- Seoul
- Republic of Korea
| | - Taelim Kim
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science
- Kyung Hee University
- Seoul
- Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Young An
- College of Pharmacy
- Kyung Hee University
- Seoul
- Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Soo Inn
- College of Pharmacy
- Kyung Hee University
- Seoul
- Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Jung Kim
- College of Pharmacy
- Kyung Hee University
- Seoul
- Republic of Korea
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8
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Medina FG, Marrero JG, Macías-Alonso M, González MC, Córdova-Guerrero I, Teissier García AG, Osegueda-Robles S. Coumarin heterocyclic derivatives: chemical synthesis and biological activity. Nat Prod Rep 2015; 32:1472-507. [PMID: 26151411 DOI: 10.1039/c4np00162a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 302] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This review highlights the broad range of science that has arisen from the synthesis of coumarin-linked and fused heterocycle derivatives. Specific topics include their synthesis and biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda G Medina
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Ingeniería Campus Guanajuato, Av. Mineral de Valenciana, No. 200, Col. Fracc. Industrial Puerto Interior, C.P. 36275 Silao de la Victoria, Guanajuato, Mexico.
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9
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Liu C, Yuan J, Gao M, Tang S, Li W, Shi R, Lei A. Oxidative Coupling between Two Hydrocarbons: An Update of Recent C–H Functionalizations. Chem Rev 2015; 115:12138-204. [DOI: 10.1021/cr500431s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 836] [Impact Index Per Article: 92.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Liu
- College
of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies
(IAS), Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiwen Yuan
- College
of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies
(IAS), Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meng Gao
- National
Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shan Tang
- College
of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies
(IAS), Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wu Li
- College
of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies
(IAS), Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Renyi Shi
- College
of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies
(IAS), Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Aiwen Lei
- College
of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies
(IAS), Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People’s Republic of China
- National
Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, People’s Republic of China
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10
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Kim K, Choe H, Jeong Y, Lee JH, Hong S. Ru(II)-Catalyzed Site-Selective Hydroxylation of Flavone and Chromone Derivatives: The Importance of the 5-Hydroxyl Motif for the Inhibition of Aurora Kinases. Org Lett 2015; 17:2550-3. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b01138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kiho Kim
- Department
of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 305-701, Korea
- Center
for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 305-701, Korea
| | - Hyeonjeong Choe
- Department
of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 305-701, Korea
- Center
for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 305-701, Korea
| | - Yujeong Jeong
- Department
of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 305-701, Korea
- Center
for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 305-701, Korea
| | - Jun Hee Lee
- Center
for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 305-701, Korea
| | - Sungwoo Hong
- Department
of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 305-701, Korea
- Center
for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 305-701, Korea
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11
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Piotrowicz M, Zakrzewski J, Métivier R, Brosseau A, Makal A, Woźniak K. Aerobic palladium(II)-catalyzed dehydrogenative heck reaction in the synthesis of pyrenyl fluorophores. a photophysical study of β-pyrenyl acrylates in solution and in the solid state. J Org Chem 2015; 80:2573-81. [PMID: 25642784 DOI: 10.1021/jo502619k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
An aerobic dehydrogenative Heck reaction of pyrene (1a) and 2,7-di-tert-butylpyrene (1b) with ethyl acrylate is reported. The reaction is catalyzed by a Pd(OAc)2/4,5-diazafluoren-9-one (DAF) system and takes place in acetic or pivalic acid as solvents at 110-130 °C. The reaction of 1a afforded a 6:1 mixture of C-1- and C-4-alkenylated pyrenes (2a and 3a, respectively) in 71% yield. In the case of 1b, only a C-4-substituted product (3b) was formed in 46% yield. Compounds 2a and 3a,b exhibited fluorescence in solution and in the solid state. In chloroform and THF solution the fluorescence maxima were in the range of 440-465 nm, and quantum yields decreased in the order 2a > 3a> 3b. In the solid state, 3a,b showed blue-green fluorescence (ΦF = 0.26 and 0.14, respectively), whereas 2a emitted yellow-green fluorescence) (ΦF = 0.35). Besides blue-emitting monomers, the presence of green-emitting aggregated species (preformed dimers) in the crystals of 3a,b and red-emitting dynamic excimers in the crystals of 2a has been demonstrated. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses of 2a and 3b confirmed π-stacking of pyrenyl moieties in the crystals of the former and the absence of stacking in the crystals of the latter compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Piotrowicz
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Łódź , Tamka 12, 91-403 Łódź, Poland
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12
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Cook AK, Sanford MS. Mechanism of the Palladium-Catalyzed Arene C–H Acetoxylation: A Comparison of Catalysts and Ligand Effects. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:3109-18. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b00238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda K. Cook
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University
Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Melanie S. Sanford
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University
Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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13
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Pd-catalyzed atom-economic couplings of triarylbismuth reagents with 2-bromo- and 2,6-dibromochromones and synthesis of medicinally important fisetin. Tetrahedron Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2014.08.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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14
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Shin Y, Yoo C, Moon Y, Lee Y, Hong S. Efficient Synthesis of Frutinone A and Its Derivatives through Palladium-Catalyzed CH Activation/Carbonylation. Chem Asian J 2014; 10:878-81. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201402876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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15
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Moon Y, Kim Y, Hong H, Hong S. Synthesis of heterocyclic-fused benzofurans via C-H functionalization of flavones and coumarins. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 49:8323-5. [PMID: 23925467 DOI: 10.1039/c3cc44456b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An efficient method to effect C-O cyclization was developed via the C-H functionalization of chromones and coumarins, affording heterocyclic-fused benzofurans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngtaek Moon
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 305-701, Korea.
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16
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Kim Y, Moon Y, Kang D, Hong S. Synthesis of heterocyclic-fused benzopyrans via the Pd(ii)-catalyzed C–H alkenylation/C–O cyclization of flavones and coumarins. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:3413-22. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ob00180j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An efficient and practical method for effecting a tandem C–H alkenylation/C–O cyclization has been achieved via the C–H functionalization of flavone derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yechan Kim
- Department of Chemistry
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
- Daejeon, Korea
| | - Youngtaek Moon
- Department of Chemistry
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
- Daejeon, Korea
| | - Dahye Kang
- Department of Chemistry
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
- Daejeon, Korea
| | - Sungwoo Hong
- Department of Chemistry
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
- Daejeon, Korea
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17
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Ligand-free palladium-catalyzed intramolecular arylation of chromones: an expedient synthesis of 1-benzopyrano[3,2-c]quinolines. Tetrahedron Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.02.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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18
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Moon Y, Kwon D, Hong S. Palladium-Catalyzed Dehydrogenation/Oxidative Cross-Coupling Sequence of β-Heteroatom-Substituted Ketones. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201206610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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19
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Moon Y, Kwon D, Hong S. Palladium-Catalyzed Dehydrogenation/Oxidative Cross-Coupling Sequence of β-Heteroatom-Substituted Ketones. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:11333-6. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201206610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2012] [Revised: 08/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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