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Rýglová Š, Braun M, Suchý T, Hříbal M, Žaloudková M, Vištějnová L. The investigation of batch-to-batch variabilities in the composition of isolates from fish and mammalian species using different protocols. Food Res Int 2023; 169:112798. [PMID: 37254382 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate batch-to-batch inconsistencies in the processing of pig and fish collagen isolates processed using two protocols that differed in terms of the acetic acid concentrations applied and the pre- and post-extraction steps, and which were previously tested in our laboratory with the intention of preserving the biological structures and functions of the collagen isolates for biomedical purposes. Both the major and minor components such as the amino acids, lipids, water, glycosaminoglycan and ash contents and elemental content, as well as the structure and morphology of the raw sources and the resulting batches of isolates were subsequently examined in detail applying standardized analytical methods including high perfomance liquid chromatography, ultraviolet-visible and infrared spectrometry, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, energy dispersive spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. All the fish isolates provided severalfold higher yields (8-45 wt%) than did the pig isolates (3-9 wt%). In addition, the variability of the fish isolate yields (the coefficient of variation for processing A: 16.4-32.9 % and B: 6.8-17.4 %) was significantly lower (p ≤ 0.05, n = 5) than that of the pig isolates (A: 27.7-69.8 %; B: 35.3-87.9 %). In general, the fish skin batches had significantly higher protein contents (˃60 wt%) and lower lipid contents (<10 wt%) than the pig skin batches (<55 wt% protein and up to 66 wt% lipid). In addition, the fish skin batches did not differ significantly in terms of their composition applying the same processing method, whereas the pig skin batches exhibited considerable variations in terms of their compositions, particularly regarding the protein and lipid contents. It can be stated that, concerning the fish isolates, processing B was, in most cases, slightly more efficient and reproducible than processing A. However, concerning the pig isolates, although processing A appeared to be more efficient than processing B in terms of the yield, it resulted in the production of isolates that contained a certain level of contaminants. The study provides a comprehensive discussion on the suitability of the processing protocol in terms of producing batches of reproducible quality according to the specific type of biomaterial processed from different animal species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Šárka Rýglová
- Department of Composites and Carbon Materials, Institute of Rock Structure and Mechanics, Czech Academy of Sciences, V Holešovičkách 41, 182 09 Prague 8, Czech Republic.
| | - Martin Braun
- Department of Composites and Carbon Materials, Institute of Rock Structure and Mechanics, Czech Academy of Sciences, V Holešovičkách 41, 182 09 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Suchý
- Department of Composites and Carbon Materials, Institute of Rock Structure and Mechanics, Czech Academy of Sciences, V Holešovičkách 41, 182 09 Prague 8, Czech Republic; Department of Mechanics, Biomechanics and Mechatronics, Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technická 4, 166 07 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Miloň Hříbal
- Department of Composites and Carbon Materials, Institute of Rock Structure and Mechanics, Czech Academy of Sciences, V Holešovičkách 41, 182 09 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Margit Žaloudková
- Department of Composites and Carbon Materials, Institute of Rock Structure and Mechanics, Czech Academy of Sciences, V Holešovičkách 41, 182 09 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Vištějnová
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, 30100 Pilsen, Czech Republic
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Angiogenic gene characterization and vessel permeability of dermal microvascular endothelial cells isolated from burn hypertrophic scar. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12222. [PMID: 35851095 PMCID: PMC9293893 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16376-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic scar (HTS) formation is a common challenge for patients after burn injury. Dermal microvascular endothelial cells (DMVECs) are an understudied cell type in HTS. An increase in angiogenesis and microvessel density can be observed in HTS. Endothelial dysfunction may play a role in scar development. This study aims to generate a functional and expression profile of HTS DMVECs. We hypothesize that transcript and protein-level responses in HTS DMVECs differ from those in normal skin (NS). HTSs were created in red Duroc pigs. DMVECs were isolated using magnetic-activated cell sorting with ulex europaeus agglutinin 1 (UEA-1) lectin. Separate transwell inserts were used to form monolayers of HTS DMVECs and NS DMVECs. Cell injury was induced and permeability was assessed. Gene expression in HTS DMVECS versus NS DMVECs was measured. Select differentially expressed genes were further investigated. HTS had an increased area density of dermal microvasculature compared to NS. HTS DMVECs were 17.59% less permeable than normal DMVECs (p < 0.05). After injury, NS DMVECs were 28.4% and HTS DMVECs were 18.8% more permeable than uninjured controls (28.4 ± 4.8 vs 18.8 ± 2.8; p = 0.11). PCR array identified 31 differentially expressed genes between HTS and NS DMVECs, of which 10 were upregulated and 21 were downregulated. qRT-PCR and ELISA studies were in accordance with the array. DMVECs expressed a mixed profile of factors that can contribute to and inhibit scar formation. HTS DMVECs have both a discordant response to cellular insults and baseline differences in function, supporting their proposed role in scar pathology. Further investigation of DMVECs is warranted to elucidate their contribution to HTS pathogenesis.
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