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Masuda L, Hasegawa A, Kamura H, Hasegawa F, Yamamura M, Taniguchi K, Ito Y, Hata K, Samura O, Okamoto A. Missense BICD2 variants in fetuses with congenital arthrogryposis and pterygia. Hum Genome Var 2024; 11:32. [PMID: 39183348 PMCID: PMC11345410 DOI: 10.1038/s41439-024-00290-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Type 2 spinal muscular atrophy with lower extremity dominance (SMALED2) is caused by bicaudal D cargo adaptor 2 (BICD2) variants. However, the SMALED2 genotype and phenotype correlation have not been thoroughly characterized. We identified de novo heterozygous BICD2 missense variants in two fetuses with severe, prenatally diagnosed multiple arthrogryposis congenita. This report provides further insights into the genetics of this rare disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Layla Masuda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Akihiro Hasegawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiromi Kamura
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Biology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fuyuki Hasegawa
- Center for Clinical Genetics, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michihiro Yamamura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kosuke Taniguchi
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Biology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Yuki Ito
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Hata
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Biology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Osamu Samura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Aikou Okamoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Park JG, Jeon H, Hwang KY, Cha SS, Han RT, Cho H, Lee IG. Cargo specificity, regulation, and therapeutic potential of cytoplasmic dynein. Exp Mol Med 2024; 56:827-835. [PMID: 38556551 PMCID: PMC11059388 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-024-01200-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Intracellular retrograde transport in eukaryotic cells relies exclusively on the molecular motor cytoplasmic dynein 1. Unlike its counterpart, kinesin, dynein has a single isoform, which raises questions about its cargo specificity and regulatory mechanisms. The precision of dynein-mediated cargo transport is governed by a multitude of factors, including temperature, phosphorylation, the microtubule track, and interactions with a family of activating adaptor proteins. Activating adaptors are of particular importance because they not only activate the unidirectional motility of the motor but also connect a diverse array of cargoes with the dynein motor. Therefore, it is unsurprising that dysregulation of the dynein-activating adaptor transport machinery can lead to diseases such as spinal muscular atrophy, lower extremity, and dominant. Here, we discuss dynein motor motility within cells and in in vitro, and we present several methodologies employed to track the motion of the motor. We highlight several newly identified activating adaptors and their roles in regulating dynein. Finally, we explore the potential therapeutic applications of manipulating dynein transport to address diseases linked to dynein malfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Gyeong Park
- Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, South Korea
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Hanul Jeon
- Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, South Korea
- Department of Chemistry & Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, South Korea
| | - Kwang Yeon Hwang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Sun-Shin Cha
- Department of Chemistry & Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, South Korea
| | - Rafael T Han
- Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, South Korea
- KHU-KIST Department of Converging Science and Technology, Kyunghee University, Seoul, 02447, South Korea
| | - Hyesung Cho
- Extreme Materials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, South Korea
| | - In-Gyun Lee
- Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, South Korea.
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, South Korea.
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3
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Cho J, Kim H, Lee S, Yoon JG, Kim H, Kim M, Jang S, Kim W, Kim SY, Chae JH. Expanding association between BICD2 variants and brain malformations and associated lissencephaly. Clin Exp Pediatr 2024; 67:54-56. [PMID: 38129099 PMCID: PMC10764667 DOI: 10.3345/cep.2023.01095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jaeso Cho
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Haeryung Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seoungbok Lee
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jihoon G Yoon
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - HyeJin Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Minhye Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seoyun Jang
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woojoong Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo Yeon Kim
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Hee Chae
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Marie-Hardy L, Courtin T, Pascal-Moussellard H, Zakine S, Brice A. The Whole-Exome Sequencing of a Cohort of 19 Families with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS): Candidate Pathways. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:2094. [PMID: 38003035 PMCID: PMC10671325 DOI: 10.3390/genes14112094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
A significant genetic involvement has been known for decades to exist in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS), a spine deformity affecting 1-3% of the world population. However, though biomechanical and endocrinological theories have emerged, no clear pathophysiological explanation has been found. Data from the whole-exome sequencing performed on 113 individuals in 19 multi-generational families with AIS have been filtered and analyzed via interaction pathways and functional category analysis (Varaft, Bingo and Panther). The subsequent list of 2566 variants has been compared to the variants already described in the literature, with an 18% match rate. The familial analysis in two families reveals mutations in the BICD2 gene, supporting the involvement of the muscular system in AIS etiology. The cellular component analysis revealed significant enrichment in myosin-related and neuronal activity-related categories. All together, these results reinforce the suspected role of the neuronal and muscular systems, highlighting the calmodulin pathway and suggesting a role of DNA-binding activities in AIS physiopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Marie-Hardy
- Brain Institute of Paris, 43-87 bd de l’Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Thomas Courtin
- Brain Institute of Paris, 43-87 bd de l’Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France
| | | | - Serge Zakine
- Clinique Maussins Nollet, Ramsay Génerale de Santé, 67 Rue de Romainville, 75019 Paris, France;
| | - Alexis Brice
- Brain Institute of Paris, 43-87 bd de l’Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France
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Shimazu Y, Sueda A, Kagawa T. Management of muscle relaxation with rocuronium in an infant with spinal muscular atrophy with lower extremity predominance type 2B. Anaesth Rep 2023; 11:e12248. [PMID: 37736064 PMCID: PMC10511155 DOI: 10.1002/anr3.12248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Y. Shimazu
- Department of AnaesthesiologyHyogo Prefectural Kobe Children's HospitalKobeJapan
- Department of AnaesthesiologySakakibara Heart InstituteTokyoJapan
| | - A. Sueda
- Department of AnaesthesiologyHyogo Prefectural Kobe Children's HospitalKobeJapan
| | - T. Kagawa
- Department of AnaesthesiologyHyogo Prefectural Kobe Children's HospitalKobeJapan
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6
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Matsui S, Iwatani S, Morisada N, Takenouchi T, Yoshimoto S. Vocal cord paralysis in autosomal dominant spinal muscular atrophy due to BICD2. Congenit Anom (Kyoto) 2023; 63:52-53. [PMID: 36517450 DOI: 10.1111/cga.12500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sachiko Matsui
- Department of Neonatology, Hyogo Prefectural Kobe Children's Hospital, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Sota Iwatani
- Department of Neonatology, Hyogo Prefectural Kobe Children's Hospital, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Naoya Morisada
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Hyogo Prefectural Kobe Children's Hospital, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Toshiki Takenouchi
- Department of Pediatrics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seiji Yoshimoto
- Department of Neonatology, Hyogo Prefectural Kobe Children's Hospital, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
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Yamamoto K, Ohashi K, Fujimoto M, Ieda D, Nakamura Y, Hattori A, Kaname T, Ieda K, Nishino I, Saitoh S. Long-term follow-up of a patient with autosomal dominant lower extremity-predominant spinal muscular atrophy-2 due to a BICD2 variant. Brain Dev 2022; 44:578-582. [PMID: 35527075 DOI: 10.1016/j.braindev.2022.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bicaudal D homolog 2 (BICD2) is a causative gene of autosomal-dominant lower extremity-predominant spinal muscular atrophy-2 (SMA-LED2). The severity of SMA-LED2 varies widely, ranging from cases in which patients are able to walk to cases in which severe joint contractures lead to respiratory failure. In this study, we report the long-term course of a case of SMA-LED2 in comparison with previous reports. CASE REPORT The patient was a 19-year-old woman. She had knee and hip dislocations with contractures, femoral fracture, and talipes calcaneovalgus since birth, and was diagnosed with arthrogryposis multiplex congenita. Intense respiratory support was not needed during the neonatal period. She had aspiration pneumonia repeatedly, necessitating NICU admission until 8 months of age. She achieved head control at 9 months of age and was able to sit at 2 years of age; however, she could not walk. Tube feeding was required until 3 years of age. At present, she can eat orally, move around with a wheelchair, and write words by herself. She needs non-invasive positive pressure ventilation during sleep because of a restrictive respiratory disorder during adolescence. Exome analysis identified a de novo heterozygous missense variant (c.2320G>A; p.Glu774Lys) in BICD2. CONCLUSION Patients with SMA-LED2 may have a relatively better prognosis in terms of social activities in comparison with the dysfunction in the neonatal period. Moreover, it is important to periodically evaluate respiratory function in patients with SMA-LED2 because respiratory dysfunction may occur during adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Yamamoto
- Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Gifu Prefectural Tajimi Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - Kei Ohashi
- Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masanori Fujimoto
- Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Daisuke Ieda
- Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuji Nakamura
- Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Ayako Hattori
- Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan.
| | - Tadashi Kaname
- Department of Genome Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kuniko Ieda
- Department of Pediatrics, Tosei General Hospital, Aichi, Japan
| | - Ichizo Nishino
- Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinji Saitoh
- Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
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Caglayan AO, Tuysuz B, Gül E, Alkaya DU, Yalcinkaya C, Gleeson JG, Bilguvar K, Gunel M. Biallelic BICD2 variant is a novel candidate for Cohen-like syndrome. J Hum Genet 2022; 67:553-556. [PMID: 35338243 PMCID: PMC9420744 DOI: 10.1038/s10038-022-01032-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Heterozygous mutations in Bicaudal D2 Drosophila homolog 2 (BICD2) gene, encodes a vesicle transport protein involved in dynein-mediated movement along microtubules, are responsible for an exceedingly rare autosomal dominant spinal muscular atrophy type 2A which starts in the childhood and predominantly effects lower extremities. Recently, a more severe form, type 2B, has also been described. Here, we present a patient born to a consanguineous union and who suffered from intellectual disability, speech delay, epilepsy, happy facial expression, truncal obesity with tappering fingers, and joint hypermobility. Whole-exome sequencing analysis revealed a rare, homozygous missense mutation (c.731T>C; p.Leu244Pro) in BICD2 gene. This finding presents the first report in the literature for homozygous BICD2 mutations and its association with a Cohen-Like syndrome. Patients presenting with Cohen-Like phenotypes should be further interrogated for mutations in BICD2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Okay Caglayan
- Departments of Neurosurgery, Neurobiology and Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520-8082, USA.
| | - Beyhan Tuysuz
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Genetics, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Ece Gül
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Genetics, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Dilek Uludag Alkaya
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Genetics, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cengiz Yalcinkaya
- Department of Neurology, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Joseph G Gleeson
- Department of Neurosciences, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
- Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine, San Diego, CA, 92025, USA
| | - Kaya Bilguvar
- Departments of Neurosurgery, Neurobiology and Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520-8082, USA
- Yale Center for Genome Analysis, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Murat Gunel
- Departments of Neurosurgery, Neurobiology and Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520-8082, USA
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Oliwa A, Joseph S, Millar E, Horrocks I, Penman D, Baptista J, Cullup T, Constantinou P, Heuchan AM, Hamilton R, Longman C. Cataract, abnormal electroretinogram and visual evoked potentials in a child with SMA-LED2 - extending the phenotype. J Neuromuscul Dis 2022; 9:803-808. [PMID: 36057830 DOI: 10.3233/jnd-220818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This case report describes a girl who presented antenatal arthrogryposis and postnatal hypotonia, generalized and respiratory weakness, joint deformities particularly affecting the lower limbs and poor swallow. By 5 months, cataracts, abnormal electroretinograms, visual evoked potentials and global developmental impairments were recognized. No causative variants were identified on targeted gene panels. After her unexpected death at 11 months, gene-agnostic trio whole exome sequencing revealed a likely pathogenic de novo BICD2 missense variant, NM_001003800.1, c.593T>C, p.(Leu198Pro), confirming the diagnosis of spinal muscular atrophy lower extremity predominant type 2 (SMA-LED2). We propose that cataracts and abnormal electroretinograms are novel features of SMA-LED2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Oliwa
- Undergraduate Medical School, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Shuko Joseph
- Fraser of Allander Neurosciences Unit, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow, UK
| | - Eoghan Millar
- Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow, UK
| | - Iain Horrocks
- Fraser of Allander Neurosciences Unit, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow, UK
| | - Dawn Penman
- Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | - Julia Baptista
- Peninsula Medical School, Faculty of Heath, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Thomas Cullup
- North Thames Genomic Laboratory Hub, Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Panayiotis Constantinou
- West of Scotland Regional Genetics Service, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Ruth Hamilton
- Department of Clinical Physics and Bioengineering, Royal Hospital for Children, NHS Greater Glasgow & Clyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Cheryl Longman
- West of Scotland Regional Genetics Service, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
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10
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A homozygous loss-of-function variant in BICD2 is associated with lissencephaly and cerebellar hypoplasia. J Hum Genet 2022; 67:669-673. [PMID: 35896821 PMCID: PMC9592554 DOI: 10.1038/s10038-022-01060-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Developmental brain malformations are rare but are increasingly reported features of BICD2-related disorders. Here, we report a 2-year old boy with microcephaly, profound delay and partial seizures. His brain MRI showed lissencephaly, hypogenesis of corpus callosum, dysplastic hipocampus and cerebellar hypoplasia. Whole-exome sequencing identified a novel homozygous likely pathogenic variant in the BICD2 gene, c.229 C > T p.(Gln77Ter). This is the first report of lissencephaly and cerebellar hypoplasia seen in a patient with homozygous loss-of-function variant in BICD2 that recapitulated the animal model. Our report supports that BICD2 should be considered in the differential diagnosis for patients with lissencephaly and cerebellar hypoplasia Additional clinical features of BICD2 are likely to emerge with the identification of additional patients.
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Elevated BICD2 DNA methylation in blood of major depressive disorder patients and reduction of depressive-like behaviors in hippocampal Bicd2-knockdown mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2201967119. [PMID: 35858435 PMCID: PMC9335189 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2201967119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a prevalent and devastating mental illness. To date, the diagnosis of MDD is largely dependent on clinical interviews and questionnaires and still lacks a reliable biomarker. DNA methylation has a stable and reversible nature and is likely associated with the course and therapeutic efficacy of complex diseases, which may play an important role in the etiology of a disease. Here, we identified and validated a DNA methylation biomarker for MDD from four independent cohorts of the Chinese Han population. First, we integrated the analysis of the DNA methylation microarray (n = 80) and RNA expression microarray data (n = 40) and identified BICD2 as the top-ranked gene. In the replication phase, we employed the Sequenom MassARRAY method to confirm the DNA hypermethylation change in a large sample size (n = 1,346) and used the methylation-sensitive restriction enzymes and a quantitative PCR approach (MSE-qPCR) and qPCR method to confirm the correlation between DNA hypermethylation and mRNA down-regulation of BICD2 (n = 60). The results were replicated in the peripheral blood of mice with depressive-like behaviors, while in the hippocampus of mice, Bicd2 showed DNA hypomethylation and mRNA/protein up-regulation. Hippocampal Bicd2 knockdown demonstrates antidepressant action in the chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) mouse model of depression, which may be mediated by increased BDNF expression. Our study identified a potential DNA methylation biomarker and investigated its functional implications, which could be exploited to improve the diagnosis and treatment of MDD.
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Aziz I, Davis M, Liang C. Late adult-onset spinal muscular atrophy with lower extremity predominance (SMALED). BMJ Case Rep 2022; 15:e248297. [PMID: 35354563 PMCID: PMC8968532 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2021-248297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
An elderly man in his early 80s presented with a 6-month history of worsening lower limb weakness on a background of a longer-standing waddling gait. Examination revealed bilateral scapular winging, and weakness in his proximal and distal lower limbs. Electromyography showed widespread chronic partial denervation changes, while sensory and motor nerve conduction parameters were preserved. After little progression over the course of 18 months, motor neuron disease was deemed less likely. Genetic testing revealed BICD2-related spinal muscular atrophy with lower extremity dominance (SMALED2), a disease that is usually of earlier onset. He is the oldest patient in the literature to be diagnosed with SMALED2 while maintaining ambulation, suggesting the milder spectrum of BICD2-related disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iqra Aziz
- Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mark Davis
- Diagnostic Genomics, PathWest Laboratory Medicine Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Christina Liang
- Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
- Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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13
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Juvenile Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Review. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12121935. [PMID: 34946884 PMCID: PMC8701111 DOI: 10.3390/genes12121935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Juvenile amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (JALS) is a rare group of motor neuron disorders with gene association in 40% of cases. JALS is defined as onset before age 25. We conducted a literature review of JALS and gene mutations associated with JALS. Results of the literature review show that the most common gene mutations associated with JALS are FUS, SETX, and ALS2. In familial cases, the gene mutations are mostly inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern and mutations in SETX are inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion. Disease prognosis varies from rapidly progressive to an indolent course. Distinct clinical features may emerge with specific gene mutations in addition to the clinical finding of combined upper and lower motor neuron degeneration. In conclusion, patients presenting with combined upper and lower motor neuron disorders before age 25 should be carefully examined for genetic mutations. Hereditary patterns and coexisting features may be useful in determining prognosis.
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14
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Chin HL, Huynh S, Ashkani J, Castaldo M, Dixon K, Selby K, Shen Y, Wright M, Boerkoel CF, Hendson G, Jones SJM. An infant with congenital respiratory insufficiency and diaphragmatic paralysis: A novel BICD2 phenotype? Am J Med Genet A 2021; 188:926-930. [PMID: 34825470 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Monoallelic pathogenic variants in BICD2 are associated with autosomal dominant Spinal Muscular Atrophy Lower Extremity Predominant 2A and 2B (SMALED2A, SMALED2B). As part of the cellular vesicular transport, complex BICD2 facilitates the flow of constitutive secretory cargoes from the trans-Golgi network, and its dysfunction results in motor neuron loss. The reported phenotypes among patients with SMALED2A and SMALED2B range from a congenital onset disorder of respiratory insufficiency, arthrogryposis, and proximal or distal limb weakness to an adult-onset disorder of limb weakness and contractures. We report an infant with congenital respiratory insufficiency requiring mechanical ventilation, congenital diaphragmatic paralysis, decreased lung volume, and single finger camptodactyly. The infant displayed appropriate antigravity limb movements but had radiological, electrophysiological, and histopathological evidence of myopathy. Exome sequencing and long-read whole-genome sequencing detected a novel de novo BICD2 variant (NM_001003800.1:c.[1543G>A];[=]). This is predicted to encode p.(Glu515Lys); p.Glu515 is located in the coiled-coil 2 mutation hotspot. We hypothesize that this novel phenotype of diaphragmatic paralysis without clear appendicular muscle weakness and contractures of large joints is a presentation of BICD2-related disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Lin Chin
- Department of Medical Genetics and Provincial Medical Genetics Program, University of British Columbia and Women's Hospital of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Stephanie Huynh
- Department of Medical Genetics and Provincial Medical Genetics Program, University of British Columbia and Women's Hospital of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jahanshah Ashkani
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Michael Castaldo
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia and Women's Hospital of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Katherine Dixon
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kathryn Selby
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia and Children's Hospital of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Yaoqing Shen
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Marie Wright
- Division of Respirology, Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia and Children's Hospital of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Cornelius F Boerkoel
- Department of Medical Genetics and Provincial Medical Genetics Program, University of British Columbia and Women's Hospital of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Glenda Hendson
- Department of Pathology, BC Children's Hospital, BC Women's Hospital and Health Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Steven J M Jones
- Department of Medical Genetics and Provincial Medical Genetics Program, University of British Columbia and Women's Hospital of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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15
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Neurogenic arthrogryposis and the power of phenotyping. Neuromuscul Disord 2021; 31:1062-1069. [PMID: 34736627 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2021.07.399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In this article we review the commonest cause of neurogenic arthrogryposis, termed Spinal Muscular Atrophy Lower Extremity Dominant (SMALED), due to variants in DYNC1H1 and BICD2. We discuss the characteristic clinical and radiological phenotype of this disorder and how this has facilitated the identification of the genetic cause of SMALED2. We also review the similarities and differences between the human SMALED phenotype and mouse models and how this has informed our understanding of the potential mechanisms governing motor neuron loss in these disorders.
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16
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Marchionni E, Agolini E, Mastromoro G, Guadagnolo D, Coppola G, Roggini M, Riminucci M, Novelli A, Giancotti A, Corsi A, Pizzuti A. Fetal early motor neuron disruption and prenatal molecular diagnosis in a severe BICD2-opathy. Am J Med Genet A 2021; 185:1509-1514. [PMID: 33547725 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BICD2 (BICD Cargo Adaptor 2, MIM*609797) mutations are associated with severe prenatal-onset forms of spinal muscular atrophy, lower extremity-predominant 2B (SMALED2B MIM 618291) or milder forms with childhood-onset (SMALED2A MIM 615290). Etiopathogenesis is not fully clarified and a wide spectrum of phenotypic presentations is reported, ranging from extreme prenatal forms with adverse outcome, to slow progressive late-onset forms. We report a fetus at 22 gestational weeks with evidence of Arthrogryposis Multiplex Congenita on ultrasound, presenting with fixed extended lower limbs and flexed upper limbs, bilateral clubfoot and absent fetal movements. A trio-based prenatal Exome Sequencing was performed, disclosing a de novo heterozygous pathogenic in frame deletion (NM_015250.3: c.1636_1638delAAT; p.Asn546del) in BICD2. After pregnancy termination, quantitative analysis on NeuN immunostained spinal cord sections of the ventral horns, revealed that neuronal density was markedly reduced compared to the one of an age-matched normal fetus and an age-matched type-I Spinal Muscular Atrophy sample, used as a comparative model. The present case, the first prenatally diagnosed and neuropathologically characterized, showed an early motor neuron loss in SMALED2B, providing further insight into the pathological basis of BICD2-opathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrica Marchionni
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuele Agolini
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy
| | - Gioia Mastromoro
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniele Guadagnolo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Coppola
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Mario Roggini
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Neuropsychiatry, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Mara Riminucci
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Novelli
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Giancotti
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and Urologic Science, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Corsi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Pizzuti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Clinical Genomics Unit, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
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17
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Ueda Y, Suganuma T, Narumi-Kishimoto Y, Kaname T, Sato T. A case of severe autosomal dominant spinal muscular atrophy with lower extremity predominance caused by a de novo BICD2 mutation. Brain Dev 2021; 43:135-139. [PMID: 32888736 DOI: 10.1016/j.braindev.2020.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heterozygous variants in BICD2 cause autosomal dominant spinal muscular atrophy with lower extremity predominance. These variants are also identified in individuals with severe forms of congenital muscle atrophy representing arthrogryposis multiplex. CASE REPORT A girl was born with severe muscle weakness and respiratory distress. A fetal ultrasound had detected polyhydramnios and multiple joint contractures in utero. She was born with severe muscle weakness and respiratory distress. Bilateral hip joint dislocation and multiple bone fractures were also present at birth. Although she depends on medical care, including assisted ventilation and tube feeding, she has reached eight years of age. Her motor developmental skills were reduced owing to muscle weakness and deformity of her lower extremities, whereas her cognitive development slowly but steadily grew. Whole exome sequencing revealed a novel de novo missense BICD2 variant (c.1625G > A, p.(Cys542Tyr)), which was evaluated as likely pathogenic. CONCLUSION This is the first case report of a severe form of spinal muscular atrophy with lower extremity predominance caused by a de novo BICD2 variant in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Ueda
- Department of Pediatrics, Japanese Kitami Red Cross Hospital, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan.
| | - Takashi Suganuma
- Department of Pediatrics, Japanese Kitami Red Cross Hospital, Japan
| | - Yoko Narumi-Kishimoto
- Medical Genome Center, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Japan
| | - Tadashi Kaname
- Department of Genome Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, Japan
| | - Tomonobu Sato
- Department of Pediatrics, Japanese Kitami Red Cross Hospital, Japan
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