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Abstract
Photochemical transformations of molecular building blocks have become an important and widely recognized research field in the past decade. Detailed and deep understanding of novel photochemical catalysts and reaction concepts with visible light as the energy source has enabled a broad application portfolio for synthetic organic chemistry. In parallel, continuous-flow chemistry and microreaction technology have become the basis for thinking and doing chemistry in a novel fashion with clear focus on improved process control for higher conversion and selectivity. As can be seen by the large number of scientific publications on flow photochemistry in the recent past, both research topics have found each other as exceptionally well-suited counterparts with high synergy by combining chemistry and technology. This review will give an overview on selected reaction classes, which represent important photochemical transformations in synthetic organic chemistry, and which benefit from mild and defined process conditions by the transfer from batch to continuous-flow mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas H. Rehm
- Division Energy & Chemical Technology/Flow Chemistry GroupFraunhofer Institute for Microengineering and Microsystems IMMCarl-Zeiss-Straße 18–2055129MainzGermany
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2
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Vil' VA, Barsegyan YA, Barsukov DV, Korlyukov AA, Alabugin IV, Terent'ev AO. Peroxycarbenium Ions as the "Gatekeepers" in Reaction Design: Assistance from Inverse Alpha-Effect in Three-Component β-Alkoxy-β-peroxylactones Synthesis. Chemistry 2019; 25:14460-14468. [PMID: 31487079 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201903752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Stereoelectronic interactions control reactivity of peroxycarbenium cations, the key intermediates in (per)oxidation chemistry. Computational analysis suggests that alcohol involvement as a third component in the carbonyl/peroxide reactions remained invisible due to the absence of sufficiently deep kinetic traps needed to prevent the escape of mixed alcohol/peroxide products to the more stable bisperoxides. Synthesis of β-alkoxy-β-peroxylactones, a new type of organic peroxides, was accomplished by interrupting a thermodynamically driven peroxidation cascade. The higher energy β-alkoxy-β-peroxylactones do not transform into the more stable bisperoxides due to the stereoelectronically imposed instability of a cyclic peroxycarbenium intermediate as a consequence of amplified inverse alpha-effect. The practical consequence of this fundamental finding is the first three-component cyclization/condensation of β-ketoesters, H2 O2 , and alcohols that provides β-alkoxy-β-peroxylactones in 15-80 % yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera A Vil'
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninsky Prospect, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation.,All-Russian Research Institute for Phytopathology, B. Vyazyomy, Moscow Region, 143050, Russian Federation
| | - Yana A Barsegyan
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninsky Prospect, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation.,All-Russian Research Institute for Phytopathology, B. Vyazyomy, Moscow Region, 143050, Russian Federation
| | - Denis V Barsukov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninsky Prospect, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander A Korlyukov
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov Street, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation.,Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, 117997, Russian Federation
| | - Igor V Alabugin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, 32309, USA
| | - Alexander O Terent'ev
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninsky Prospect, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation.,All-Russian Research Institute for Phytopathology, B. Vyazyomy, Moscow Region, 143050, Russian Federation
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3
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Cambié D, Dobbelaar J, Riente P, Vanderspikken J, Shen C, Seeberger PH, Gilmore K, Debije MG, Noël T. Energy-Efficient Solar Photochemistry with Luminescent Solar Concentrator Based Photomicroreactors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:14374-14378. [PMID: 31386256 PMCID: PMC6790603 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201908553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The sun is the most sustainable light source available on our planet, therefore the direct use of sunlight for photochemistry is extremely appealing. Demonstrated here, for the first time, is that a diverse set of photon-driven transformations can be efficiently powered by solar irradiation with the use of solvent-resistant and cheap luminescent solar concentrator based photomicroreactors. Blue, green, and red reactors can accommodate both homogeneous and multiphase reaction conditions, including photochemical oxidations, photocatalytic trifluoromethylation chemistry, and metallaphotoredox transformations, thus spanning applications over the entire visible-light spectrum. To further illustrate the efficacy of these novel solar reactors, medicinally relevant molecules, such as ascaridole and an intermediate of artemisinin, were prepared as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Cambié
- Department of Chemical Engineering and ChemistrySustainable Process EngineeringMicro Flow Chemistry & Synthetic MethodologyEindhoven University of TechnologyHet Kranenveld, Bldg 14—Helix5600 MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Dobbelaar
- Department of Chemical Engineering and ChemistrySustainable Process EngineeringMicro Flow Chemistry & Synthetic MethodologyEindhoven University of TechnologyHet Kranenveld, Bldg 14—Helix5600 MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
| | - Paola Riente
- Department of Chemical Engineering and ChemistrySustainable Process EngineeringMicro Flow Chemistry & Synthetic MethodologyEindhoven University of TechnologyHet Kranenveld, Bldg 14—Helix5600 MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
| | - Jochen Vanderspikken
- Department of Chemical Engineering and ChemistrySustainable Process EngineeringMicro Flow Chemistry & Synthetic MethodologyEindhoven University of TechnologyHet Kranenveld, Bldg 14—Helix5600 MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
| | - Chong Shen
- Department of Chemical Engineering and ChemistrySustainable Process EngineeringMicro Flow Chemistry & Synthetic MethodologyEindhoven University of TechnologyHet Kranenveld, Bldg 14—Helix5600 MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
| | - Peter H. Seeberger
- Department of Biomolecular SystemsMax-Planck Institute of Colloids and InterfacesAm Mühlenberg 114476PotsdamGermany
| | - Kerry Gilmore
- Department of Biomolecular SystemsMax-Planck Institute of Colloids and InterfacesAm Mühlenberg 114476PotsdamGermany
| | - Michael G. Debije
- Department of Chemical Engineering and ChemistryStimuli-responsive Functional Materials and DevicesEindhoven University of TechnologyHet Kranenveld, Bldg 14—Helix5600 MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
| | - Timothy Noël
- Department of Chemical Engineering and ChemistrySustainable Process EngineeringMicro Flow Chemistry & Synthetic MethodologyEindhoven University of TechnologyHet Kranenveld, Bldg 14—Helix5600 MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
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Cambié D, Dobbelaar J, Riente P, Vanderspikken J, Shen C, Seeberger PH, Gilmore K, Debije MG, Noël T. Energy‐Efficient Solar Photochemistry with Luminescent Solar Concentrator Based Photomicroreactors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201908553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dario Cambié
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry Sustainable Process Engineering Micro Flow Chemistry & Synthetic Methodology Eindhoven University of Technology Het Kranenveld, Bldg 14—Helix 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Dobbelaar
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry Sustainable Process Engineering Micro Flow Chemistry & Synthetic Methodology Eindhoven University of Technology Het Kranenveld, Bldg 14—Helix 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Paola Riente
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry Sustainable Process Engineering Micro Flow Chemistry & Synthetic Methodology Eindhoven University of Technology Het Kranenveld, Bldg 14—Helix 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Jochen Vanderspikken
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry Sustainable Process Engineering Micro Flow Chemistry & Synthetic Methodology Eindhoven University of Technology Het Kranenveld, Bldg 14—Helix 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Chong Shen
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry Sustainable Process Engineering Micro Flow Chemistry & Synthetic Methodology Eindhoven University of Technology Het Kranenveld, Bldg 14—Helix 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Peter H. Seeberger
- Department of Biomolecular Systems Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces Am Mühlenberg 1 14476 Potsdam Germany
| | - Kerry Gilmore
- Department of Biomolecular Systems Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces Am Mühlenberg 1 14476 Potsdam Germany
| | - Michael G. Debije
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry Stimuli-responsive Functional Materials and Devices Eindhoven University of Technology Het Kranenveld, Bldg 14—Helix 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Timothy Noël
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry Sustainable Process Engineering Micro Flow Chemistry & Synthetic Methodology Eindhoven University of Technology Het Kranenveld, Bldg 14—Helix 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
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5
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Lee H, Kim H, Kim D. From
p
‐Xylene to Ibuprofen in Flow: Three‐Step Synthesis by a Unified Sequence of Chemoselective C−H Metalations. Chemistry 2019; 25:11641-11645. [PMID: 31338883 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201903267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyune‐Jea Lee
- Centre for Intelligent Microprocess of Pharmaceutical Synthesis Department of Chemical Engineering POSTECH (Pohang University of Science and Technology) Pohang 790-784 South Korea
| | - Heejin Kim
- Department of Chemistry College of Science Korea University Seoul 02841 South Korea
| | - Dong‐Pyo Kim
- Centre for Intelligent Microprocess of Pharmaceutical Synthesis Department of Chemical Engineering POSTECH (Pohang University of Science and Technology) Pohang 790-784 South Korea
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Boussiron C, Le Bechec M, Petrizza L, Sabalot J, Lacombe S, Save M. Synthesis of Film-Forming Photoactive Latex Particles by Emulsion Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly to Produce Singlet Oxygen. Macromol Rapid Commun 2018; 40:e1800329. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201800329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Charlène Boussiron
- CNRS/Univ Pau & Pays Adour/E2S UPPA, IPREM; Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physicochimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux; UMR5254, Hélioparc, 2 av. P. Angot. 64000 Pau France
| | - Mickaël Le Bechec
- CNRS/Univ Pau & Pays Adour/E2S UPPA, IPREM; Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physicochimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux; UMR5254, Hélioparc, 2 av. P. Angot. 64000 Pau France
| | - Luca Petrizza
- CNRS/Univ Pau & Pays Adour/E2S UPPA, IPREM; Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physicochimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux; UMR5254, Hélioparc, 2 av. P. Angot. 64000 Pau France
| | - Julia Sabalot
- CNRS/Univ Pau & Pays Adour/E2S UPPA, IPREM; Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physicochimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux; UMR5254, Hélioparc, 2 av. P. Angot. 64000 Pau France
| | - Sylvie Lacombe
- CNRS/Univ Pau & Pays Adour/E2S UPPA, IPREM; Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physicochimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux; UMR5254, Hélioparc, 2 av. P. Angot. 64000 Pau France
| | - Maud Save
- CNRS/Univ Pau & Pays Adour/E2S UPPA, IPREM; Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physicochimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux; UMR5254, Hélioparc, 2 av. P. Angot. 64000 Pau France
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