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Zhang T, Khomane SB, Singh I, Crudden CM, McBreen PH. N-heterocyclic carbene adsorption states on Pt(111) and Ru(0001). Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:4083-4090. [PMID: 38226886 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp03539e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
N-heterocyclic carbene ligands (NHCs) are increasingly used to tune the properties of metal surfaces. The generally greater chemical and thermal robustness of NHCs on gold, as compared to thiolate surface ligands, underscores their potential for a range of applications. While much is now known about the adsorption geometry, overlayer structure, dynamics, and stability of NHCs on coinage elements, especially gold and copper, much less is known about their interaction with the surfaces of Pt-group metals, despite the importance of such metals in catalysis and electrochemistry. In this study, reflection absorption infrared spectroscopy (RAIRS) is used to probe the structure of benzimidazolylidene NHC ligands on Pt(111) and Ru(0001). The experiments exploit the intense absorption peaks of a CF3 substituent on the phenyl ring of the NHC backbone to provide unprecedented insight into adsorption geometry and chemical stability. The results also permit comparison with literature data for NHC ligands on Au(111) and to DFT predictions for NHCs on Pt(111) and Ru(0001), thereby greatly extending the known surface chemistry of NHCs and providing much needed molecular information for the design of metal-organic hybrid materials involving strongly reactive metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianchi Zhang
- Département de chimie et CCVC, Université Laval, Québec (Que), Canada, G1K OA6.
| | - Sonali B Khomane
- Département de chimie et CCVC, Université Laval, Québec (Que), Canada, G1K OA6.
| | - Ishwar Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, 90 Bader Lane, Kingston, Ontario, Canada, K7L 3N6.
| | - Cathleen M Crudden
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, 90 Bader Lane, Kingston, Ontario, Canada, K7L 3N6.
| | - Peter H McBreen
- Département de chimie et CCVC, Université Laval, Québec (Que), Canada, G1K OA6.
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Martinez-Espinar F, Salom-Català A, Bresó-Femenia E, Claver C, Baletto F, Ricart JM, Chaudret B, Carbó JJ, Godard C, Castillon S. Bringing Selectivity in H/D Exchange Reactions Catalyzed by Metal Nanoparticles through Modulation of the Metal and the Ligand Shell. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:4570-4580. [PMID: 36893373 PMCID: PMC10031563 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c04442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Ru and Rh nanoparticles catalyze the selective H/D exchange in phosphines using D2 as the deuterium source. The position of the deuterium incorporation is determined by the structure of the P-based substrates, while activity depends on the nature of the metal, the properties of the stabilizing agents, and the type of the substituent on phosphorus. The appropriate catalyst can thus be selected either for the exclusive H/D exchange in aromatic rings or also for alkyl substituents. The selectivity observed in each case provides relevant information on the coordination mode of the ligand. Density functional theory calculations provide insights into the H/D exchange mechanism and reveal a strong influence of the phosphine structure on the selectivity. The isotope exchange proceeds via C-H bond activation at nanoparticle edges. Phosphines with strong coordination through the phosphorus atom such as PPh3 or PPh2Me show preferred deuteration at ortho positions of aromatic rings and at the methyl substituents. This selectivity is observed because the corresponding C-H moieties can interact with the nanoparticle surface while the phosphine is P-coordinated, and the C-H activation results in stable metallacyclic intermediates. For weakly coordinating phosphines such as P(o-tolyl)3, the interaction with the nanoparticle can occur directly through phosphine substituents, and then, other deuteration patterns are observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Martinez-Espinar
- Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/ Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Nano Objets, LPCNO, UMR5215 INSA-UPS-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Antoni Salom-Català
- Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/ Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Emma Bresó-Femenia
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Nano Objets, LPCNO, UMR5215 INSA-UPS-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse, France
- Departament de Química Analítica i Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/ Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Carmen Claver
- Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/ Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Francesca Baletto
- Department of Physics, King's College London, London, Strand Building, Strand WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom
| | - Josep M Ricart
- Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/ Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Bruno Chaudret
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Nano Objets, LPCNO, UMR5215 INSA-UPS-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Jorge J Carbó
- Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/ Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Cyril Godard
- Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/ Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Sergio Castillon
- Departament de Química Analítica i Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/ Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
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García-Zaragoza A, Cerezo-Navarrete C, Mollar-Cuni A, Oña-Burgos P, Mata JA, Corma A, Martínez-Prieto LM. Tailoring graphene-supported Ru nanoparticles by functionalization with pyrene-tagged N-heterocyclic carbenes. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cy02063c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Controlling the reactivity and stability of graphene-supported Ru NPs by modifying their surface with pyrene-tagged N-heterocyclic carbene ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián García-Zaragoza
- ITQ, Instituto de Tecnología Química, Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Av. de los Naranjos S/N 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Christian Cerezo-Navarrete
- ITQ, Instituto de Tecnología Química, Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Av. de los Naranjos S/N 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Andrés Mollar-Cuni
- Institute of Advanced Materials (INAM), Universitat Jaume I, Avda. Sos Baynat S/N 12006, Castellón, Spain
| | - Pascual Oña-Burgos
- ITQ, Instituto de Tecnología Química, Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Av. de los Naranjos S/N 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jose A. Mata
- Institute of Advanced Materials (INAM), Universitat Jaume I, Avda. Sos Baynat S/N 12006, Castellón, Spain
| | - Avelino Corma
- ITQ, Instituto de Tecnología Química, Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Av. de los Naranjos S/N 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Luis M. Martínez-Prieto
- ITQ, Instituto de Tecnología Química, Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Av. de los Naranjos S/N 46022, Valencia, Spain
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