1
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Novotná K, Tenora L, Prchalová E, Paule J, Alt J, Veeravalli V, Lam J, Wu Y, Šnajdr I, Gori S, Mettu VS, Tsukamoto T, Majer P, Slusher BS, Rais R. Discovery of tert-Butyl Ester Based 6-Diazo-5-oxo-l-norleucine Prodrugs for Enhanced Metabolic Stability and Tumor Delivery. J Med Chem 2023; 66:15493-15510. [PMID: 37949450 PMCID: PMC10683027 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
The glutamine antagonist 6-diazo-5-oxo-l-norleucine (DON) exhibits remarkable anticancer efficacy; however, its therapeutic potential is hindered by its toxicity to gastrointestinal (GI) tissues. We recently reported the discovery of DRP-104, a tumor-targeted DON prodrug with excellent efficacy and tolerability, which is currently in clinical trials. However, DRP-104 exhibits limited aqueous solubility, and the instability of its isopropyl ester promoiety leads to the formation of an inactive M1-metabolite, reducing overall systemic prodrug exposure. Herein, we aimed to synthesize DON prodrugs with various ester and amide promoieties with improved solubility, GI stability, and DON tumor delivery. Twenty-one prodrugs were synthesized and characterized in stability and pharmacokinetics studies. Of these, P11, tert-butyl-(S)-6-diazo-2-((S)-2-(2-(dimethylamino)acetamido)-3-phenylpropanamido)-5-oxo-hexanoate, showed excellent metabolic stability in plasma and intestinal homogenate, high aqueous solubility, and high tumor DON exposures and preserved the ideal tumor-targeting profile of DRP-104. In conclusion, we report a new generation of glutamine antagonist prodrugs with improved physicochemical and pharmacokinetic attributes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kateřina Novotná
- Johns
Hopkins Drug Discovery, Departments of Neurology, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Pharmacology and
Molecular Sciences, Neuroscience, Medicine, and Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry v.v.i., Academy of Sciences
of the Czech Republic, Prague 160 00, Czech Republic
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague 128 00, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Tenora
- Johns
Hopkins Drug Discovery, Departments of Neurology, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Pharmacology and
Molecular Sciences, Neuroscience, Medicine, and Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry v.v.i., Academy of Sciences
of the Czech Republic, Prague 160 00, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Prchalová
- Johns
Hopkins Drug Discovery, Departments of Neurology, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Pharmacology and
Molecular Sciences, Neuroscience, Medicine, and Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry v.v.i., Academy of Sciences
of the Czech Republic, Prague 160 00, Czech Republic
| | - James Paule
- Johns
Hopkins Drug Discovery, Departments of Neurology, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Pharmacology and
Molecular Sciences, Neuroscience, Medicine, and Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Jesse Alt
- Johns
Hopkins Drug Discovery, Departments of Neurology, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Pharmacology and
Molecular Sciences, Neuroscience, Medicine, and Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Vijay Veeravalli
- Johns
Hopkins Drug Discovery, Departments of Neurology, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Pharmacology and
Molecular Sciences, Neuroscience, Medicine, and Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Jenny Lam
- Johns
Hopkins Drug Discovery, Departments of Neurology, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Pharmacology and
Molecular Sciences, Neuroscience, Medicine, and Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Ying Wu
- Johns
Hopkins Drug Discovery, Departments of Neurology, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Pharmacology and
Molecular Sciences, Neuroscience, Medicine, and Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Ivan Šnajdr
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry v.v.i., Academy of Sciences
of the Czech Republic, Prague 160 00, Czech Republic
| | - Sadakatali Gori
- Johns
Hopkins Drug Discovery, Departments of Neurology, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Pharmacology and
Molecular Sciences, Neuroscience, Medicine, and Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Vijaya Saradhi Mettu
- Johns
Hopkins Drug Discovery, Departments of Neurology, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Pharmacology and
Molecular Sciences, Neuroscience, Medicine, and Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Takashi Tsukamoto
- Johns
Hopkins Drug Discovery, Departments of Neurology, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Pharmacology and
Molecular Sciences, Neuroscience, Medicine, and Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Pavel Majer
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry v.v.i., Academy of Sciences
of the Czech Republic, Prague 160 00, Czech Republic
| | - Barbara S. Slusher
- Johns
Hopkins Drug Discovery, Departments of Neurology, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Pharmacology and
Molecular Sciences, Neuroscience, Medicine, and Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Rana Rais
- Johns
Hopkins Drug Discovery, Departments of Neurology, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Pharmacology and
Molecular Sciences, Neuroscience, Medicine, and Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
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2
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Klein MT, Krause BM, Neudörfl JM, Kühne R, Schmalz HG. Design and synthesis of a tetracyclic tripeptide mimetic frozen in a polyproline type II (PP2) helix conformation. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:9368-9377. [PMID: 36385673 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01857h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A synthesis of the new tetracyclic scaffold ProM-19, which represents a XPP tripeptide unit frozen in a PPII helix conformation, was developed. As a key building block, N-Boc-protected ethyl (1S,3S,4R)-2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2-carboxylate was prepared through a diastereoselective aza-Diels-Alder reaction and subsequent hydrogenolytic removal of the chiral N-1-phenylethyl substituent under temporary protection of the double bond through dihydroxylation and reconstitution by Corey-Winter olefination. The target compound Boc-[ProM-19]-OMe was then prepared via subsequent peptide coupling and Ru-catalyzed ring-closing metathesis steps employing (S)-N-Boc-allylgylcine and cis-5-vinyl-proline methyl ester as additional building blocks. In addition, Ac-[2-Cl-Phe]-[Pro]-[ProM-19]-OMe was prepared by solution phase peptide synthesis as a potential ligand for the ena-VASP EVH1 domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco T Klein
- University of Cologne, Department of Chemistry, Greinstrasse 4, 50939 Köln, Germany.
| | - Bernhard M Krause
- University of Cologne, Department of Chemistry, Greinstrasse 4, 50939 Köln, Germany.
| | - Jörg-Martin Neudörfl
- University of Cologne, Department of Chemistry, Greinstrasse 4, 50939 Köln, Germany.
| | - Ronald Kühne
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Hans-Günther Schmalz
- University of Cologne, Department of Chemistry, Greinstrasse 4, 50939 Köln, Germany.
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3
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Merx J, van Outersterp RE, Engelke UFH, Hendriks V, Wevers RA, Huigen MCDG, Waterval HWAH, Körver-Keularts IMLW, Mecinović J, Rutjes FPJT, Oomens J, Coene KLM, Martens J, Boltje TJ. Identification of Δ-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate derived biomarkers for hyperprolinemia type II. Commun Biol 2022; 5:997. [PMID: 36131087 PMCID: PMC9492674 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03960-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperprolinemia type II (HPII) is an inborn error of metabolism due to genetic variants in ALDH4A1, leading to a deficiency in Δ-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate (P5C) dehydrogenase. This leads to an accumulation of toxic levels of P5C, an intermediate in proline catabolism. The accumulating P5C spontaneously reacts with, and inactivates, pyridoxal 5’-phosphate, a crucial cofactor for many enzymatic processes, which is thought to be the pathophysiological mechanism for HPII. Here, we describe the use of a combination of LC-QTOF untargeted metabolomics, NMR spectroscopy and infrared ion spectroscopy (IRIS) to identify and characterize biomarkers for HPII that result of the spontaneous reaction of P5C with malonic acid and acetoacetic acid. We show that these biomarkers can differentiate between HPI, caused by a deficiency of proline oxidase activity, and HPII. The elucidation of their molecular structures yields insights into the disease pathophysiology of HPII. Combined metabolomics, NMR, and, IRIS identify biomarkers of hyperprolinemia type II (HPII) distinct from HPI and similar metabolic signatures as in patients with pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jona Merx
- Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Rianne E van Outersterp
- Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, FELIX Laboratory, Toernooiveld 7, 6525 ED, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Udo F H Engelke
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Veronique Hendriks
- Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ron A Wevers
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,United for Metabolic Disease, UMD, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marleen C D G Huigen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,United for Metabolic Disease, UMD, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Huub W A H Waterval
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Irene M L W Körver-Keularts
- United for Metabolic Disease, UMD, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jasmin Mecinović
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230, Odense, Denmark
| | - Floris P J T Rutjes
- Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jos Oomens
- Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, FELIX Laboratory, Toernooiveld 7, 6525 ED, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Karlien L M Coene
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,United for Metabolic Disease, UMD, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - Jonathan Martens
- Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, FELIX Laboratory, Toernooiveld 7, 6525 ED, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - Thomas J Boltje
- Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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4
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Engelhardt PM, Rueda SF, Drexelius M, Neudörfl JM, Lauster D, Hackenberger CPR, Kühne R, Neundorf I, Schmalz HG. Synthetic α-Helical Peptides as Potential Inhibitors of the ACE2 SARS-CoV-2 Interaction. Chembiochem 2022; 23:e202200372. [PMID: 35785462 PMCID: PMC9350387 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202200372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
During viral cell entry, the spike protein of SARS‐CoV‐2 binds to the α1‐helix motif of human angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). Thus, alpha‐helical peptides mimicking this motif may serve as inhibitors of viral cell entry. For this purpose, we employed the rigidified diproline‐derived module ProM‐5 to induce α‐helicity in short peptide sequences inspired by the ACE2 α1‐helix. Starting with Ac‐QAKTFLDKFNHEAEDLFYQ‐NH2 as a relevant section of α1, a series of peptides, N‐capped with either Ac‐βHAsp‐[ProM‐5] or Ac‐βHAsp‐PP, were prepared and their α‐helicities were investigated. While ProM‐5 clearly showed a pronounced effect, an even increased degree of helicity (up to 63 %) was observed in sequences in which non‐binding amino acids were replaced by alanine. The binding affinities of the peptides towards the spike protein, as determined by means of microscale thermophoresis (MST), revealed only a subtle influence of the α‐helical content and, noteworthy, led to the identification of an Ac‐βHAsp‐PP‐capped peptide displaying a very strong binding affinity (KD=62 nM).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sebastián Florez Rueda
- FMP: Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut fur Molekulare Pharmakologie im Forschungsverbund Berlin eV, chemical biology, GERMANY
| | - Marco Drexelius
- University of Cologne: Universitat zu Koln, Chemistry, GERMANY
| | | | - Daniel Lauster
- Freie Universitat Berlin Fachbereich Biologie Chemie Pharmazie, biochemistry and chemistry, GERMANY
| | - Christian P R Hackenberger
- FMP: Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut fur Molekulare Pharmakologie im Forschungsverbund Berlin eV, chemical biology, GERMANY
| | - Ronald Kühne
- FMP: Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut fur Molekulare Pharmakologie im Forschungsverbund Berlin eV, drug discovery, GERMANY
| | - Ines Neundorf
- University of Cologne: Universitat zu Koln, chemistry and biochemistry, GERMANY
| | - Hans-Günther Schmalz
- Universitat zu Koln, Department für Chemie, Greinstrasse 4, 50939, Köln, GERMANY
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5
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Garsi JB, Aguiar PM, Hanessian S. Design of Pseudodiproline Dimers as Mimetics of Pro-Pro Units: Stereocontrolled Synthesis, Configurational Relevance, and Structural Properties. J Org Chem 2021; 86:16834-16847. [PMID: 34749500 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Stereocontrolled methods are described for the synthesis of hitherto unreported pseudodiproline dimers in which a cyclopentane carboxylic acid is linked to a pyrrolidine residue by a stereochemically defined hydroxymethylene tether. These proline-cyclopentane (Pro-Cyp) dimers have interesting structural characteristics as seen in their X-ray crystal structures as well as their nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra in CDCl3. They can be considered to be novel Pro-Pro mimetics, which can be used to replace natural diproline sequences with potential applications in medicinal chemistry. They also represent a new concept in the peptidomimetic design of chimeric proline-based amino acids as carbocyclic hydroxyethylene isosteres of inhibitor molecules, in which the stereodefined bridging hydroxyl group can simulate a tetrahedral intermediate in an enzyme complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Baptiste Garsi
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, 1375 Ave. Thérèse-Lavoie-Roux, Montréal, H2V 0B3 QC, Canada
| | - Pedro M Aguiar
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, 1375 Ave. Thérèse-Lavoie-Roux, Montréal, H2V 0B3 QC, Canada
| | - Stephen Hanessian
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, 1375 Ave. Thérèse-Lavoie-Roux, Montréal, H2V 0B3 QC, Canada
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6
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Albat D, Reiher M, Neudörfl J, Schmalz H. Improved Synthesis of MediPhos Ligands and Their Use in the Pd‐Catalyzed Enantioselective N‐Allylation of Glycine Esters. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Albat
- Department of Chemistry University of Cologne Greinstrasse 4 50939 Koeln Germany
| | - Martin Reiher
- Department of Chemistry University of Cologne Greinstrasse 4 50939 Koeln Germany
| | - Jörg‐Martin Neudörfl
- Department of Chemistry University of Cologne Greinstrasse 4 50939 Koeln Germany
| | - Hans‐Günther Schmalz
- Department of Chemistry University of Cologne Greinstrasse 4 50939 Koeln Germany
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7
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Edelstein EK, Rankic DA, Dudley CC, McMinn SE, Adpressa DA. Synthesis of Proline Analogues via Rh-Catalyzed Asymmetric Conjugate Addition. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c04648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Emma K. Edelstein
- Department of Process Research and Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Danica A. Rankic
- Department of Process Research and Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Caroline C. Dudley
- Department of Process Research and Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Spencer E. McMinn
- Department of Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Donovon A. Adpressa
- Department of Process Research and Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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8
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Designed nanomolar small-molecule inhibitors of Ena/VASP EVH1 interaction impair invasion and extravasation of breast cancer cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:29684-29690. [PMID: 33184177 PMCID: PMC7703624 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2007213117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein–protein interactions mediated by proline-rich motifs are involved in regulation of many important signaling cascades. These motifs belong to the most abundant recognition motifs in the eukaryotic genome and preferentially adopt a left-handed polyproline helix II, a secondary structure element that has been notoriously difficult to mimic with small molecules. Here, we present a structure-guided design effort yielding a toolkit of chemical entities that enables rational construction of selective small molecule inhibitors for these protein domains. We succeeded in developing an inhibitor for the Ena/VASP protein family that is active in vivo and reduces extravasation of invasive breast cancer cells in a zebrafish model. Battling metastasis through inhibition of cell motility is considered a promising approach to support cancer therapies. In this context, Ena/VASP-depending signaling pathways, in particular interactions with their EVH1 domains, are promising targets for pharmaceutical intervention. However, protein–protein interactions involving proline-rich segments are notoriously difficult to address by small molecules. Hence, structure-based design efforts in combination with the chemical synthesis of additional molecular entities are required. Building on a previously developed nonpeptidic micromolar inhibitor, we determined 22 crystal structures of ENAH EVH1 in complex with inhibitors and rationally extended our library of conformationally defined proline-derived modules (ProMs) to succeed in developing a nanomolar inhibitor (Kd=120 nM,MW=734 Da). In contrast to the previous inhibitor, the optimized compounds reduced extravasation of invasive breast cancer cells in a zebrafish model. This study represents an example of successful, structure-guided development of low molecular weight inhibitors specifically and selectively addressing a proline-rich sequence-recognizing domain that is characterized by a shallow epitope lacking defined binding pockets. The evolved high-affinity inhibitor may now serve as a tool in validating the basic therapeutic concept, i.e., the suppression of cancer metastasis by inhibiting a crucial protein–protein interaction involved in actin filament processing and cell migration.
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9
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Vaghi F, Bucci R, Clerici F, Contini A, Gelmi ML. Non-natural 3-Arylmorpholino-β-amino Acid as a PPII Helix Inducer. Org Lett 2020; 22:6197-6202. [PMID: 32790435 PMCID: PMC8009597 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A new non-natural β-amino acid, named 3-Ar-β-Morph, was designed and synthesized via a regio- and diastereoselective Pd-catalyzed C(sp3)H-arylation of the corresponding 2S,6S-(6-methoxymorpholin-2-yl)carboxylic acid, readily available from glucose. According to the computational prevision and confirmed by IR and NMR data, the insertion of 3-Ar-β-Morph in a model foldamer represents a way to stabilize a PPII-like helix through the presence of two γ-turns, secondary structure motifs induced by the morpholine ring, and the trans-tertiary amide bond.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Francesca Clerici
- DISFARM-Sez. Chimica Generale
e Organica “A. Marchesini”, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Venezian 21, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Alessandro Contini
- DISFARM-Sez. Chimica Generale
e Organica “A. Marchesini”, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Venezian 21, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - M. Luisa Gelmi
- DISFARM-Sez. Chimica Generale
e Organica “A. Marchesini”, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Venezian 21, 20133 Milano, Italy
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10
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Maaßen A, Gebauer JM, Theres Abraham E, Grimm I, Neudörfl J, Kühne R, Neundorf I, Baumann U, Schmalz H. Triple‐Helix‐Stabilizing Effects in Collagen Model Peptides Containing PPII‐Helix‐Preorganized Diproline Modules. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201914101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Maaßen
- University of Cologne Department of Chemistry Greinstraße 4 50939 Cologne Germany
| | - Jan M. Gebauer
- University of Cologne Department of Chemistry Zülpicher Straße 47a 50674 Cologne Germany
| | - Elena Theres Abraham
- University of Cologne Department of Chemistry Zülpicher Straße 47a 50674 Cologne Germany
| | - Isabelle Grimm
- University of Cologne Department of Chemistry Greinstraße 4 50939 Cologne Germany
| | - Jörg‐Martin Neudörfl
- University of Cologne Department of Chemistry Greinstraße 4 50939 Cologne Germany
| | - Ronald Kühne
- Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP) Campus Berlin-Buch Robert-Rössle-Straße 10 13125 Berlin Germany
| | - Ines Neundorf
- University of Cologne Department of Chemistry Zülpicher Straße 47a 50674 Cologne Germany
| | - Ulrich Baumann
- University of Cologne Department of Chemistry Zülpicher Straße 47a 50674 Cologne Germany
| | - Hans‐Günther Schmalz
- University of Cologne Department of Chemistry Greinstraße 4 50939 Cologne Germany
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11
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Maaßen A, Gebauer JM, Theres Abraham E, Grimm I, Neudörfl J, Kühne R, Neundorf I, Baumann U, Schmalz H. Triple-Helix-Stabilizing Effects in Collagen Model Peptides Containing PPII-Helix-Preorganized Diproline Modules. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:5747-5755. [PMID: 31944532 PMCID: PMC7154665 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201914101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Collagen model peptides (CMPs) serve as tools for understanding stability and function of the collagen triple helix and have a potential for biomedical applications. In the past, interstrand cross-linking or conformational preconditioning of proline units through stereoelectronic effects have been utilized in the design of stabilized CMPs. To further study the effects determining collagen triple helix stability we investigated a series of CMPs containing synthetic diproline-mimicking modules (ProMs), which were preorganized in a PPII-helix-type conformation by a functionalizable intrastrand C2 bridge. Results of CD-based denaturation studies were correlated with calculated (DFT) conformational preferences of the ProM units, revealing that the relative helix stability is mainly governed by an interplay of main-chain preorganization, ring-flip preference, adaptability, and steric effects. Triple helix integrity was proven by crystal structure analysis and binding to HSP47.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Maaßen
- University of CologneDepartment of ChemistryGreinstraße 450939CologneGermany
| | - Jan M. Gebauer
- University of CologneDepartment of ChemistryZülpicher Straße 47a50674CologneGermany
| | - Elena Theres Abraham
- University of CologneDepartment of ChemistryZülpicher Straße 47a50674CologneGermany
| | - Isabelle Grimm
- University of CologneDepartment of ChemistryGreinstraße 450939CologneGermany
| | | | - Ronald Kühne
- Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP)Campus Berlin-BuchRobert-Rössle-Straße 1013125BerlinGermany
| | - Ines Neundorf
- University of CologneDepartment of ChemistryZülpicher Straße 47a50674CologneGermany
| | - Ulrich Baumann
- University of CologneDepartment of ChemistryZülpicher Straße 47a50674CologneGermany
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12
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Dohmen S, Reiher M, Albat D, Akyol S, Barone M, Neudörfl J, Kühne R, Schmalz H. Pd-Catalyzed Asymmetric N-Allylation of Amino Acid Esters with Exceptional Levels of Catalyst Control: Stereo-Divergent Synthesis of ProM-15 and Related Bicyclic Dipeptide Mimetics. Chemistry 2020; 26:3049-3053. [PMID: 31961029 PMCID: PMC7078984 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202000307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A general and powerful method for the stereo‐controlled Pd‐catalyzed N‐allylation of amino acid esters is reported, as a previously largely unsolved synthetic challenge. Employing a new class of tartaric acid‐derived C2‐symmetric chiral diphosphane ligands the developed asymmetric amination protocol allows the conversion of various amino acid esters to the N‐allylated products with highest levels of enantio‐ or diastereoselectivity in a fully catalyst‐controlled fashion and predictable configuration. Remarkably, the in situ generated catalysts also exhibit outstanding levels of activity (ligand acceleration). The usefulness of the method was demonstrated in the stereo‐divergent synthesis of a set of new conformationally defined dipeptide mimetics, which represent new modular building blocks for the development of peptide‐inspired bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Dohmen
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of CologneGreinstrasse 450939KölnGermany
| | - Martin Reiher
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of CologneGreinstrasse 450939KölnGermany
| | - Dominik Albat
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of CologneGreinstrasse 450939KölnGermany
| | - Sema Akyol
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of CologneGreinstrasse 450939KölnGermany
| | - Matthias Barone
- Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP)13125BerlinGermany
| | | | - Ronald Kühne
- Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP)13125BerlinGermany
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13
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Hjerrild P, Tørring T, Poulsen TB. Dehydration reactions in polyfunctional natural products. Nat Prod Rep 2020; 37:1043-1064. [DOI: 10.1039/d0np00009d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Here, we review methods for chemical dehydration of alcohols to alkenes and discuss the potential of late-stage functionalization by direct, site- and chemo-selective dehydration of complex molecular substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Per Hjerrild
- Department of Chemistry
- Aarhus University
- DK-8000 Aarhus C
- Denmark
| | - Thomas Tørring
- Department of Engineering – Microbial Biosynthesis
- Aarhus University
- Aarhus C
- Denmark
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14
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Natarajan K, Müller-Klieser D, Rubner S, Berg T. Stafia-1: a STAT5a-Selective Inhibitor Developed via Docking-Based Screening of in Silico O-Phosphorylated Fragments. Chemistry 2019; 26:148-154. [PMID: 31503360 PMCID: PMC6973011 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201904147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
We present a new approach for the identification of inhibitors of phosphorylation-dependent protein-protein interaction domains, in which phenolic fragments are adapted by in silico O-phosphorylation before docking-based screening. From a database of 10 369 180 compounds, we identified 85 021 natural product-derived phenolic fragments, which were virtually O-phosphorylated and screened for in silico binding to the STAT3 SH2 domain. Nine screening hits were then synthesized, eight of which showed a degree of in vitro inhibition of STAT3. After analysis of its selectivity profile, the most potent inhibitor was then developed to Stafia-1, the first small molecule shown to preferentially inhibit the STAT family member STAT5a over the close homologue STAT5b. A phosphonate prodrug based on Stafia-1 inhibited STAT5a with selectivity over STAT5b in human leukemia cells, providing the first demonstration of selective in vitro and intracellular inhibition of STAT5a by a small-molecule inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalaiselvi Natarajan
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Leipzig University, Johannisallee 29, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Daniel Müller-Klieser
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Leipzig University, Johannisallee 29, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stefan Rubner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Leipzig University, Johannisallee 29, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Thorsten Berg
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Leipzig University, Johannisallee 29, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
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15
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Chiha S, Soicke A, Barone M, Müller M, Bruns J, Opitz R, Neudörfl JM, Kühne R, Schmalz HG. Design and Synthesis of Building Blocks for PPII-Helix Secondary-Structure Mimetics: A Stereoselective Entry to 4-Substituted 5-Vinylprolines. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201701584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Slim Chiha
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cologne; Greinstrasse 4 50939 Cologne Germany
| | - Arne Soicke
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cologne; Greinstrasse 4 50939 Cologne Germany
| | - Matthias Barone
- Campus BerlinBuch; Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP); 13125 Berlin Germany
| | - Matthias Müller
- Campus BerlinBuch; Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP); 13125 Berlin Germany
| | - Judith Bruns
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cologne; Greinstrasse 4 50939 Cologne Germany
| | - Robert Opitz
- Campus BerlinBuch; Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP); 13125 Berlin Germany
| | - Jörg-Martin Neudörfl
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cologne; Greinstrasse 4 50939 Cologne Germany
| | - Ronald Kühne
- Campus BerlinBuch; Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP); 13125 Berlin Germany
| | - Hans-Günther Schmalz
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cologne; Greinstrasse 4 50939 Cologne Germany
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16
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Ren JW, Wang J, Xiao JA, Li J, Xiang HY, Chen XQ, Yang H. L-Pyroglutamic Sulphonamide as Hydrogen-Bonding Organocatalyst: Enantioselective Diels–Alder Cyclization to Construct Carbazolespirooxindoles. J Org Chem 2017; 82:6441-6449. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b00733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Wei Ren
- College of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Jing Wang
- College of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Jun-An Xiao
- College of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Jun Li
- College of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Hao-Yue Xiang
- College of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Qing Chen
- College of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Hua Yang
- College of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
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17
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Reuter C, Opitz R, Soicke A, Dohmen S, Barone M, Chiha S, Klein MT, Neudörfl JM, Kühne R, Schmalz HG. Design and Stereoselective Synthesis of ProM-2: A Spirocyclic Diproline Mimetic with Polyproline Type II (PPII) Helix Conformation. Chemistry 2015; 21:8464-70. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201406493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Revised: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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18
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A modular toolkit to inhibit proline-rich motif-mediated protein-protein interactions. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:5011-6. [PMID: 25848013 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1422054112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Small-molecule competitors of protein-protein interactions are urgently needed for functional analysis of large-scale genomics and proteomics data. Particularly abundant, yet so far undruggable, targets include domains specialized in recognizing proline-rich segments, including Src-homology 3 (SH3), WW, GYF, and Drosophila enabled (Ena)/vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) homology 1 (EVH1) domains. Here, we present a modular strategy to obtain an extendable toolkit of chemical fragments (ProMs) designed to replace pairs of conserved prolines in recognition motifs. As proof-of-principle, we developed a small, selective, peptidomimetic inhibitor of Ena/VASP EVH1 domain interactions. Highly invasive MDA MB 231 breast-cancer cells treated with this ligand showed displacement of VASP from focal adhesions, as well as from the front of lamellipodia, and strongly reduced cell invasion. General applicability of our strategy is illustrated by the design of an ErbB4-derived ligand containing two ProM-1 fragments, targeting the yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1)-WW domain with a fivefold higher affinity.
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19
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Aillard B, Kilburn JD, Blaydes JP, Tizzard GJ, Findlow S, Werner JM, Bloodworth S. Synthesis and evaluation of a (3R,6S,9S)-2-oxo-1-azabicyclo[4.3.0]nonane scaffold as a mimic of Xaa-trans-Pro in poly-l-proline type II helix conformation. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:4562-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ob00180c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Stereoselective synthesis of a (3R,6S,9S)-2-oxo-1-azabicyclo[4.3.0]nonane mimic of Xaa-trans-Pro in poly-l-proline type II helix conformation is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Aillard
- Chemistry
- Faculty of Natural and Environmental Sciences
- University of Southampton
- Southampton
- UK
| | - Jeremy D. Kilburn
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences
- Queen Mary
- University of London
- London
- UK
| | - Jeremy P. Blaydes
- Cancer Sciences
- Faculty of Medicine
- University of Southampton
- Southampton
- UK
| | - Graham J. Tizzard
- Chemistry
- Faculty of Natural and Environmental Sciences
- University of Southampton
- Southampton
- UK
| | - Stuart Findlow
- Centre for Biological Sciences
- University of Southampton
- Southampton
- UK
| | - Jörn M. Werner
- Centre for Biological Sciences
- University of Southampton
- Southampton
- UK
| | - Sally Bloodworth
- Chemistry
- Faculty of Natural and Environmental Sciences
- University of Southampton
- Southampton
- UK
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20
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Rémond E, Martin C, Martinez J, Cavelier F. Silaproline, a Silicon-Containing Proline Surrogate. TOPICS IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/7081_2015_177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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21
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Machamer NK, Liu X, Waters SP. A new entry to azomethine ylides from allylic amines and glyoxals: shifting the reliance on amino ester precursors. Org Lett 2014; 16:4996-9. [PMID: 25247255 PMCID: PMC4184444 DOI: 10.1021/ol5022614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The first examples of azomethine ylides derived from allylic amine and glyoxal precursors are reported. The condensation of primary allylic and α-aryl amines with glyoxylates or α-aryl glyoxals affords conjugated azomethine ylides that undergo facile [3 + 2] cycloaddition, providing 5-alkenyl pyrrolidine cycloadducts that cannot be accessed through the classical use of amino esters as ylide precursors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie K Machamer
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Vermont , 82 University Place, Burlington, Vermont 05405, United States
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22
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Martin C, Legrand B, Lebrun A, Berthomieu D, Martinez J, Cavelier F. Silaproline Helical Mimetics Selectively Form an All-transPPII Helix. Chemistry 2014; 20:14240-4. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201404820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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23
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Soicke A, Reuter C, Winter M, Neudörfl JM, Schlörer N, Kühne R, Schmalz HG. Stereoselective Synthesis of Tricyclic Diproline Analogues that Mimic a PPII Helix: Structural Consequences of Ring-Size Variation. European J Org Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201402737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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24
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Mihali V, Foschi F, Penso M, Pozzi G. Chemoselective Synthesis ofN-Protected Alkoxyprolines under Specific Solvation Conditions. European J Org Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201402429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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25
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Wang S, Otani Y, Liu X, Kawahata M, Yamaguchi K, Ohwada T. Robust trans-Amide Helical Structure of Oligomers of Bicyclic Mimics of β-Proline: Impact of Positional Switching of Bridgehead Substituent on Amide cis–trans Equilibrium. J Org Chem 2014; 79:5287-300. [DOI: 10.1021/jo500916j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Wang
- Graduate School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yuko Otani
- Graduate School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Xin Liu
- Graduate School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Kawahata
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences at
Kagawa Campus, Tokushima Bunri University, 1314-1 Shido, Sanuki, Kagawa 769-2193, Japan
| | - Kentaro Yamaguchi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences at
Kagawa Campus, Tokushima Bunri University, 1314-1 Shido, Sanuki, Kagawa 769-2193, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Ohwada
- Graduate School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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26
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Reuter C, Kleczka M, de Mazancourt S, Neudörfl JM, Kühne R, Schmalz HG. Stereoselective Synthesis of Proline-Derived Dipeptide Scaffolds (ProM-3 and ProM-7) Rigidified in a PPII Helix Conformation. European J Org Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201301875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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27
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Claverie C, Ghinet A, Gautret P, Vuong CT, Rigo B. The revisited synthesis of tert-butyl pyroglutamate derivatives. Tetrahedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2013.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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28
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Kolesinska B, Podwysocka DJ, Rueping MA, Seebach D, Kamena F, Walde P, Sauer M, Windschiegl B, Meyer-Ács M, Vor der Brüggen M, Giehring S. Permeation through Phospholipid Bilayers, Skin-Cell Penetration, Plasma Stability, and CD Spectra ofα- andβ-Oligoproline Derivatives. Chem Biodivers 2013; 10:1-38. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201200393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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29
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Chaubet G, Coursindel T, Morelli X, Betzi S, Roche P, Guari Y, Lebrun A, Toupet L, Collette Y, Parrot I, Martinez J. Stereoselective synthesis of original spirolactams displaying promising folded structures. Org Biomol Chem 2013; 11:4719-26. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ob40643a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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30
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Han MY, Zhang Y, Wang HZ, An WK, Ma BC, Zhang Y, Wang W. Organocatalytic Michael Addition of Nitro Esters to α,β-Unsaturated Aldehydes: Towards the Enantioselective Synthesis oftrans-3-Substituted Proline Derivatives. Adv Synth Catal 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201200538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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31
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Herndon JW. The chemistry of the carbon–transition metal double and triple bond: Annual survey covering the year 2010. Coord Chem Rev 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2012.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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32
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Wilger DJ, Park JH, Hughes RM, Cuellar ME, Waters ML. Induced-Fit Binding of a Polyproline Helix by a β-Hairpin Peptide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:12201-4. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201106177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2011] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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33
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Wilger DJ, Park JH, Hughes RM, Cuellar ME, Waters ML. Induced-Fit Binding of a Polyproline Helix by a β-Hairpin Peptide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201106177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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34
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Reuter C, Huy P, Neudörfl JM, Kühne R, Schmalz HG. Exercises in Pyrrolidine Chemistry: Gram Scale Synthesis of a Pro-Pro Dipeptide Mimetic with a Polyproline Type II Helix Conformation. Chemistry 2011; 17:12037-44. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201101704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2011] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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35
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Huy P, Neudörfl JM, Schmalz HG. A practical synthesis of trans-3-substituted proline derivatives through 1,4-addition. Org Lett 2010; 13:216-9. [PMID: 21158419 DOI: 10.1021/ol102613z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A practical four-step synthesis of 3-alkyl-, vinyl-, and aryl-substituted proline derivatives, which are important building blocks for conformationally restrained peptide analogs, was developed. The method relies on a Cu-catalyzed 1,4-addition of Grignard reagents to N-protected 2,3-dehydroproline esters, efficiently prepared in a new one-pot protocol. The 1,4-addition products are obtained with good trans-selectivity (dr 5:1 to 25:1). A nonracemic sample of N-Cbz-3-vinylproline (74% ee) was obtained using Evans oxazolidinone as a chiral auxiliary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Huy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstr. 4, 50939 Köln, Germany
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