1
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Patel K, Oginetz L, Marek I. Highly Diastereoselective Preparation of Tertiary Alkyl Thiocyanates en Route to Thiols by Stereoinvertive Nucleophilic Substitution at Nonclassical Carbocations. Org Lett 2023; 25:8474-8477. [PMID: 37982581 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c03396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
An effective InBr3-catalyzed nucleophilic thiocyanation of cyclopropyl alcohols has been developed. The reaction takes place at the quaternary carbon stereocenter of the cyclopropyl carbinol with a complete inversion of configuration, offering a novel pathway for the creation of complex tertiary alkyl thiocyanates with high diastereopurity. These substitution reactions proceed under mild reaction conditions and tolerate several functional groups. Additionally, thiocyanates were converted to thiols using lithium aluminum hydride.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaushalendra Patel
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry and Resnick Sustainability Center for Catalysis, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa 3200009, Israel
| | - Lior Oginetz
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry and Resnick Sustainability Center for Catalysis, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa 3200009, Israel
| | - Ilan Marek
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry and Resnick Sustainability Center for Catalysis, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa 3200009, Israel
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2
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Ghosh AK, Basu AJ, Hsu CS, Yadav M. Asymmetric 1,2-Carbamoyl Rearrangement of Lithiated Chiral Oxazolidine Carbamates and Diastereoselective Synthesis of α-Hydroxy Amides. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200941. [PMID: 35587995 PMCID: PMC9356997 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Asymmetric 1,2-carbamoyl rearrangement of lithiated 2-alkenyl carbamates has been investigated. Deprotonation of chiral 2-alkenyl oxazolidine carbamates with sec-butyllithium in ether at -78 °C followed by warming of the resulting 1-lithio-2-alkenyl derivatives to room temperature resulted in 1,2-carbamoyl rearrangement to provide α-hydroxy amides. The rearrangement proceeded with excellent diastereoselectivity and in good to excellent isolated yield of the α-hydroxy amide derivatives. The substrate scope of the reaction was investigated with a variety of 2-alkenyl and benzyl oxazolidine carbamates. A stereochemical model is provided to explain the stereochemical outcome associated with the rearrangement. Acid-catalyzed removal of the chiral oxazolidine afforded α-hydroxy acid in high optical purity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun K Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, 560 Oval Dr., West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Amartyo J Basu
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, 560 Oval Dr., West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Che-Sheng Hsu
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, 560 Oval Dr., West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Monika Yadav
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, 560 Oval Dr., West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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3
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Ziyaei Halimehjani A, Breit B. Rhodium-catalyzed regioselective addition of thioacids to terminal allenes: enantioselective access to branched allylic thioesters. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:1704-1707. [PMID: 35023518 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc06470c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Rhodium-catalyzed regio- and enantioselective hydrothiolation of terminal allenes with thioacids is reported for the atom-economic synthesis of chiral branched allylic thioesters. By using a rhodium(I) catalyst system, diversities of terminal allenes and thioacids afforded the corresponding branched thioesters in excellent regioselectivity, high yield, and good enantioselectivity. This method was also explored for Fmoc-protected aminothioacids for diastereoselective synthesis of the corresponding thioesters.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ziyaei Halimehjani
- Faculty of Chemistry, Kharazmi University, P. O. Box 15719-14911, 49 Mofateh Street, Tehran, Iran. .,Institut für Organische Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albert Strasse 21, 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.
| | - B Breit
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albert Strasse 21, 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.
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4
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Desrues T, Liu X, Pons JM, Monnier V, Amalian JA, Charles L, Quintard A, Bressy C. Indirect Tertiary Alcohol Enantiocontrol by Acylative Organocatalytic Kinetic Resolution. Org Lett 2021; 23:4332-4336. [PMID: 33999644 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c01261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The stereocontrol of tertiary alcohols represents a recurrent challenge in organic synthesis. In the present paper, we describe a simple, efficient, and indirect method to enantioselectively prepare tertiary alcohols through a chiral isothiourea catalyzed selective acylation of adjacent secondary alcohols. This transformation enables the kinetic resolution (KR) of easily prepared racemic diastereoenriched secondary/tertiary diols providing both monoesters and starting diols in highly enantioenriched forms (s-value >200).
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Affiliation(s)
- Titouan Desrues
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, France
| | - Xueyang Liu
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Marc Pons
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, France
| | - Valérie Monnier
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, FSCM, Marseille, France
| | | | | | - Adrien Quintard
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, France
| | - Cyril Bressy
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, France
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5
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Weidmann N, Harenberg JH, Knochel P. Continuous Flow Preparation of (Hetero)benzylic Lithiums via Iodine-Lithium Exchange Reaction under Barbier Conditions. Org Lett 2020; 22:5895-5899. [PMID: 32701295 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c01991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Herein we report the generation of benzylic lithiums via an iodine-lithium exchange reaction on benzylic iodides performed in continuous flow using tBuLi as the exchange reagent. The resulting benzylic lithium species are trapped in situ by carbonyl electrophiles under Barbier conditions, resulting in benzylic secondary and tertiary alcohols. This flow procedure further allows the generation of highly reactive heterobenzylic lithium compounds, which are difficult to generate under batch conditions. A general scale-up was possible without further optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niels Weidmann
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Johannes H Harenberg
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Paul Knochel
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
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Ramanjaneyulu BT, Vidyacharan S, Ahn GN, Kim DP. Ultrafast synthesis of 2-(benzhydrylthio)benzo[ d]oxazole, an antimalarial drug, via an unstable lithium thiolate intermediate in a capillary microreactor. REACT CHEM ENG 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0re00038h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
We present an ultrafast approach for the synthesis of 2-(benzhydrylthio)benzo[d]oxazole, an antimalarial drug, in 75% yield from benzo[d]oxazole-2-thiol and benzhydryl bromide via an unstable lithium thiolate intermediate in the presence of n-BuLi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bandaru T. Ramanjaneyulu
- Center of Intelligent Microprocess of Pharmaceutical Synthesis
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)
- Pohang
- 37673 Korea
| | - Shinde Vidyacharan
- Center of Intelligent Microprocess of Pharmaceutical Synthesis
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)
- Pohang
- 37673 Korea
| | - Gwang-Noh Ahn
- Center of Intelligent Microprocess of Pharmaceutical Synthesis
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)
- Pohang
- 37673 Korea
| | - Dong-Pyo Kim
- Center of Intelligent Microprocess of Pharmaceutical Synthesis
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)
- Pohang
- 37673 Korea
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Citti C, Linciano P, Russo F, Luongo L, Iannotta M, Maione S, Laganà A, Capriotti AL, Forni F, Vandelli MA, Gigli G, Cannazza G. A novel phytocannabinoid isolated from Cannabis sativa L. with an in vivo cannabimimetic activity higher than Δ 9-tetrahydrocannabinol: Δ 9-Tetrahydrocannabiphorol. Sci Rep 2019; 9:20335. [PMID: 31889124 PMCID: PMC6937300 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56785-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
(-)-Trans-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) is the main compound responsible for the intoxicant activity of Cannabis sativa L. The length of the side alkyl chain influences the biological activity of this cannabinoid. In particular, synthetic analogues of Δ9-THC with a longer side chain have shown cannabimimetic properties far higher than Δ9-THC itself. In the attempt to define the phytocannabinoids profile that characterizes a medicinal cannabis variety, a new phytocannabinoid with the same structure of Δ9-THC but with a seven-term alkyl side chain was identified. The natural compound was isolated and fully characterized and its stereochemical configuration was assigned by match with the same compound obtained by a stereoselective synthesis. This new phytocannabinoid has been called (-)-trans-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabiphorol (Δ9-THCP). Along with Δ9-THCP, the corresponding cannabidiol (CBD) homolog with seven-term side alkyl chain (CBDP) was also isolated and unambiguously identified by match with its synthetic counterpart. The binding activity of Δ9-THCP against human CB1 receptor in vitro (Ki = 1.2 nM) resulted similar to that of CP55940 (Ki = 0.9 nM), a potent full CB1 agonist. In the cannabinoid tetrad pharmacological test, Δ9-THCP induced hypomotility, analgesia, catalepsy and decreased rectal temperature indicating a THC-like cannabimimetic activity. The presence of this new phytocannabinoid could account for the pharmacological properties of some cannabis varieties difficult to explain by the presence of the sole Δ9-THC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Citti
- Mediteknology spin-off company of the National Council of Research (CNR), Via Arnesano, 73100, Lecce, Italy
- Institute of Nanotechnology of the National Council of Research (CNR NANOTEC), Via Monteroni, 73100, Lecce, Italy
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Pasquale Linciano
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Fabiana Russo
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Livio Luongo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Division of Pharmacology, Università della Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Via Santa Maria di Costantinopoli 16, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Monica Iannotta
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Division of Pharmacology, Università della Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Via Santa Maria di Costantinopoli 16, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Sabatino Maione
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Division of Pharmacology, Università della Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Via Santa Maria di Costantinopoli 16, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Aldo Laganà
- Institute of Nanotechnology of the National Council of Research (CNR NANOTEC), Via Monteroni, 73100, Lecce, Italy
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Laura Capriotti
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Flavio Forni
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Maria Angela Vandelli
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Gigli
- Institute of Nanotechnology of the National Council of Research (CNR NANOTEC), Via Monteroni, 73100, Lecce, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Cannazza
- Institute of Nanotechnology of the National Council of Research (CNR NANOTEC), Via Monteroni, 73100, Lecce, Italy.
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125, Modena, Italy.
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8
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Lu Z, Zhang X, Guo Z, Chen Y, Mu T, Li A. Total Synthesis of Aplysiasecosterol A. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:9211-9218. [PMID: 29939021 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b05070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Aplysiasecosterol A (1) is a structurally unusual 9,11-secosteroid isolated from the sea hare Aplysia kurodai. We have accomplished the first and asymmetric total synthesis of 1 in a convergent fashion. The left-hand segment bearing three adjacent stereocenters was constructed through desymmetrizing reduction, ketalization, and radical cyclization. A strategy of asymmetric 2-bromoallylation followed by spontaneous desymmetrizing lactolization enabled a more expeditious access to this segment. The right-hand segment was prepared through two different approaches: one featuring Myers alkylation and Suzuki-Miyaura coupling and the other relying upon Aggarwal lithiation-borylation and Zweifel-Evans olefination. The two fragments were coupled by a Reformatsky type reaction. The three consecutive stereocenters embedded in the central domain of 1 were generated by an iron-mediated, hydrogen atom transfer based radical cyclization reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis , Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Road , Shanghai 200032 , China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis , Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Road , Shanghai 200032 , China
| | - Zhicong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis , Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Road , Shanghai 200032 , China
| | - Yu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis , Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Road , Shanghai 200032 , China
| | - Tong Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis , Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Road , Shanghai 200032 , China
| | - Ang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis , Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Road , Shanghai 200032 , China
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9
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Zheng P, Zhai Y, Zhao X, XU T. Difunctionalization of ketones via gem-bis(boronates) to synthesize quaternary carbon with high selectivity. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:13375-13378. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc07781a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A transformation of gem-bis(boronate) compounds with different electrophiles through a tertiary boronate intermediate to concurrently introduce aldehyde and allylic groups, which provides an efficient protocol to difunctionalize ketones, was reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Purui Zheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering
- Tongji University
- Shanghai
- P. R. China
| | - Yujie Zhai
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering
- Tongji University
- Shanghai
- P. R. China
| | - Xiaoming Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering
- Tongji University
- Shanghai
- P. R. China
| | - Tao XU
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering
- Tongji University
- Shanghai
- P. R. China
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Pulis AP, Varela A, Citti C, Songara P, Leonori D, Aggarwal VK. Asymmetric Synthesis of Tertiary Alcohols and Thiols via Nonstabilized Tertiary α-Oxy- and α-Thio-Substituted Organolithium Species. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:10835-10839. [PMID: 28783238 PMCID: PMC5601220 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201706722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Nonstabilized α-O-substituted tertiary organolithium species are difficult to generate, and the α-S-substituted analogues are configurationally unstable. We now report that they can both be generated easily and trapped with a range of electrophiles with high enantioselectivity, providing ready access to a range of enantioenriched tertiary alcohols and thiols. The configurational stability of the α-S-organolithium species was enhanced by using a less coordinating solvent and short reaction times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander P. Pulis
- School of ChemistryUniversity of BristolCantock's CloseBristolBS8 1TSUK
- School of ChemistryUniversity of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PLUK
| | - Ana Varela
- School of ChemistryUniversity of BristolCantock's CloseBristolBS8 1TSUK
| | - Cinzia Citti
- School of ChemistryUniversity of BristolCantock's CloseBristolBS8 1TSUK
| | - Pradip Songara
- School of ChemistryUniversity of BristolCantock's CloseBristolBS8 1TSUK
| | - Daniele Leonori
- School of ChemistryUniversity of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PLUK
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