1
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Zhang T, Chen Z, Zhang W, Wang L, Yu G. Recent Progress of Fluorinated Conjugated Polymers. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2403961. [PMID: 38830614 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202403961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, conjugated polymers have received widespread attention due to their characteristic advantages of light weight, favorable solution processability, and structural modifiability. Among various conjugated polymers, fluorinated ones have developed rapidly to achieve high-performance n-type or ambipolar polymeric semiconductors. The uniqueness of fluorinated conjugated polymers contains the high coplanarity of their structures, lower frontier molecular orbital energy levels, and strong nonbonding interactions. In this review, first the fluorinated building blocks, including fluorinated benzene and thiophene rings, fluorinated B←N bridged units, and fluoroalkyl side chains are summarized. Subsequently, different synthetic methods of fluorinated conjugated polymers are described, with a special focus on their respective advantages and disadvantages. Then, with these numerous fluorinated structures and appropriate synthetic methods bear in mind, the properties and applications of the fluorinated conjugated polymers, such as cyclopentadithiophene-, amide-, and imide-based polymers, and B←N embedded polymers, are systematically discussed. The introduction of fluorine atoms can further enhance the electron-deficiency of the backbone, influencing the charge carrier transport performance. The promising fluorinated conjugated polymers are applied widely in organic field-effect transistors, organic solar cells, organic thermoelectric devices, and other organic opto-electric devices. Finally, the outlook on the challenges and future development of fluorinated conjugated polymers is systematically discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhao Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Zhihui Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Weifeng Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Liping Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Gui Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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2
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Chen W, Wen LQ, Lu XB, Zhou H. Iron-catalyzed selective construction of indole derivatives via oxidative C(sp 3)-H functionalization of indolin-2-ones. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:3073-3079. [PMID: 38563186 DOI: 10.1039/d4ob00133h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Considering the importance of developing powerful catalysts and the pharmacophore characteristics of indole derivatives, we describe a switchable approach for the iron-catalyzed oxidative C(sp3)-H functionalization of indolin-2-ones. Selective transformations displayed excellent activity and chemoselectivity using FeCl2 as the catalyst, air as the oxidant, and alcohol as the solvent. By manipulating the reaction conditions, particularly the choice of solvent, catalyst loading, and reaction sequence, a series of valuable indole derivatives, including isatins and symmetrical and nonsymmetrical isoindigos, were selectively synthesized in good to excellent yields. Furthermore, the gram-scale synthesis of compounds with biological anticancer activity under simple conditions highlights their great potential in practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Lang-Qi Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Xiao-Bing Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Hui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
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3
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Chen W, Lu X, Zhou H. Base‐catalyzed Sulfurative Condensation of 2‐Oxoindoles to Isoindigos Using Elemental Sulfur. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202200430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
| | - Xiao‐Bing Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
| | - Hui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
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4
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Zhang Q, Huang J, Wang K, Huang W. Recent Structural Engineering of Polymer Semiconductors Incorporating Hydrogen Bonds. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2110639. [PMID: 35261083 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202110639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Highly planar, extended π-electron organic conjugated polymers have been increasingly attractive for achieving high-mobility organic semiconductors. In addition to the conventional strategy to construct rigid backbone by covalent bonds, hydrogen bond has been employed extensively to increase the planarity and rigidity of polymer via intramolecular noncovalent interactions. This review provides a general summary of high-mobility semiconducting polymers incorporating hydrogen bonds in field-effect transistors over recent years. The structural engineering of the hydrogen bond-containing building blocks and the discussion of theoretical simulation, microstructural characterization, and device performance are covered. Additionally, the effects of the introduction of hydrogen bond on self-healing, stretchability, chemical sensitivity, and mechanical properties are also discussed. The review aims to help and inspire design of new high-mobility conjugated polymers with superiority of mechanical flexibility by incorporation of hydrogen bond for the application in flexible electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
| | - Jianyao Huang
- CAS key Laboratory of Organic Solids, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Kai Wang
- Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
| | - Wei Huang
- Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
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5
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Zhu J, Liu Y, Huang S, Wen S, Bao X, Cai M, Li J. Impact of backbone linkage positions on the molecular aggregation behavior of polymer photovoltaic materials. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:17462-17470. [PMID: 35670087 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp01060g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
It is imperative to advance the structural design of conjugated materials to achieve a practical impact on the performance of photovoltaic devices. However, the effect of the linkage positions (meta-, para-) of the backbone on the molecular packing has been relatively little explored. In this study, we have synthesized two wide-bandgap polymer photovoltaic materials from identical monomers with different linkage positions, using dibenzo[c,h][2,6]-naphthyridine-5,11-(6H,12H)-dione (DBND) as the building block. This study shows that the para-connected polymer exhibits an unexpected 0.2 eV higher ionization potential and a resultant higher open-circuit voltage than the meta-connected counterpart. We found that different linkage positions result in different intermolecular binding energies and molecular aggregation conformations, leading to different HOMO energy levels and photovoltaic performances. Specifically, theoretical calculations and 2D-NMR indicate that P(p-DBND-f-2T) performs a segregated stacking of f-2T and DBND units, while P(m-DBND-f-2T) films form π-overlaps between f-2T and DBND. These results show that linkage position adjustment on the polymeric backbone exerts a profound influence on the molecular aggregation of the materials. Also, the effect of isomerism on the polymer backbone is crucial in designing polymer structures for photovoltaic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyue Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China. .,Research and Development Center of Aluminum-ion Battery, College of Energy Storage Technology, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China.
| | - Yanfang Liu
- Key Laboratory for Palygorskite Science and Applied Technology of Jiangsu Province, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Mineral Salt Deep Utilization, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223003, China
| | - Shaohua Huang
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Shuguang Wen
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy & Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 189 Songling Road, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Xichang Bao
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy & Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 189 Songling Road, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Mian Cai
- Research and Development Center of Aluminum-ion Battery, College of Energy Storage Technology, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China.
| | - Jingwen Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China.
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6
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Zhang Z, Sun Y, Zhao X, Jin N, Xi G, Zhang X, Cao J, Wu J, Fan X, Qin W. Novel isoindigo compound with aggregation-induced emission: Br-Br bonding joint restriction of intramolecular motion and cell imaging properties. SOFT MATTER 2021; 17:9866-9870. [PMID: 34724018 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm00935d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
6,6'-Dibromided tert-butyloxycarbonyl isoindigo (Br-TBOCII) has intense fluorescence in the solid state via excitation with aggregation-induced emission (AIE), contrary to the classic heavy-atom effect. The unique AIE mechanism is attributed to the Br-Br bonding joint restricting intramolecular motion. Furthermore, the water-soluble nanoparticles Br-TBOCII/Pluronic® 127, possess robust photostability, low toxicity and good cell imaging performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Zhang
- Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, 030024, P. R. China
- State Grid Shanxi Electric Power Research Institute, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, 030012, P. R. China
| | - Yu Sun
- Henan Cigarette Industry Tobacco Sheet Co., Ltd., Xuchang, Henan Province, 461000, P. R. China
| | - Xu Zhao
- Technology Center for China Tobacco Henan Industrial Limited Company, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450000, P. R. China
| | - Nanxi Jin
- Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul City, Korea
| | - Gaolei Xi
- Technology Center for China Tobacco Henan Industrial Limited Company, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450000, P. R. China
| | - Xuedong Zhang
- State Grid Shanxi Electric Power Research Institute, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, 030012, P. R. China
| | - Jingjin Cao
- State Grid Shanxi Electric Power Research Institute, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, 030012, P. R. China
| | - Jia Wu
- State Grid Shanxi Electric Power Research Institute, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, 030012, P. R. China
| | - Xia Fan
- State Grid Shanxi Electric Power Research Institute, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, 030012, P. R. China
| | - Wenping Qin
- Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, 030024, P. R. China
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7
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You H, Lee S, Kim D, Kang H, Lim C, Kim FS, Kim BJ. Effects of the Selective Alkoxy Side Chain Position in Quinoxaline-Based Polymer Acceptors on the Performance of All-Polymer Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:47817-47825. [PMID: 34590813 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c12288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The effects of the position of alkoxy side chains in quinoxaline (Qx)-based polymer acceptors (PAs) on the characteristics of materials and the device parameters of all-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs) are investigated. The alkoxy side chains are selectively located at the meta, para, and both positions in pendant benzenes of Qx units, constructing PAs denoted as P(QxCN-T2)-m, P(QxCN-T2)-p, and P(QxCN-T2), respectively. Among them, P(QxCN-T2)-m exhibits the deepest energy levels owing to the enhanced electron-withdrawing effect of meta-positioned alkoxy chains, which is in contrast to P(QxCN-T2)-p where para-positioned alkoxy chains have an electron-donating property. In addition, the meta-positioned alkoxy chains induce good electron-conducting pathways, while the para-positioned ones significantly interrupt crystallization and intermolecular interactions between the conjugated backbones. Thus, when the PAs are applied to all-PSCs, a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 5.07% is attained in the device using P(QxCN-T2)-m with efficient exciton dissociation and good electron-transporting ability. On the contrary, the P(QxCN-T2)-p-based counterpart has a PCE of only 1.62%. These results demonstrate that introducing alkoxy side chains at a proper location in the Qx-based PAs is crucial for their application to all-PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoseon You
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungjin Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Donguk Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Chung-Ang University (CAU), Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunbum Kang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Chulhee Lim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Felix Sunjoo Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Chung-Ang University (CAU), Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Bumjoon J Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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8
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Cigánek M, Richtár J, Weiter M, Krajčovič J. Organic π‐Conjugated Molecules: From Nature to Artificial Applications. Where are the Boundaries? Isr J Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.202100061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Cigánek
- Brno University of Technology Faculty of Chemistry Materials Research Centre Purkyňova 118 612 00 Brno Czech Republic
| | - Jan Richtár
- Brno University of Technology Faculty of Chemistry Materials Research Centre Purkyňova 118 612 00 Brno Czech Republic
| | - Martin Weiter
- Brno University of Technology Faculty of Chemistry Materials Research Centre Purkyňova 118 612 00 Brno Czech Republic
| | - Jozef Krajčovič
- Brno University of Technology Faculty of Chemistry Materials Research Centre Purkyňova 118 612 00 Brno Czech Republic
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9
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Bogdanov AV, Mironov VF. Recent advances in the application of isoindigo derivatives in materials chemistry. Beilstein J Org Chem 2021; 17:1533-1564. [PMID: 34290836 PMCID: PMC8275870 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.17.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review, the data on the application of isoindigo derivatives in the chemistry of functional materials are analyzed and summarized. These bisheterocycles can be used in the creation of organic solar cells, sensors, lithium ion batteries as well as in OFET and OLED technologies. The potentials of the use of polymer structures based on isoindigo as photoactive component in the photoelectrochemical reduction of water, as matrix for MALDI spectrometry and in photothermal cancer therapy are also shown. Data published over the past 5 years, including works published at the beginning of 2021, are given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei V Bogdanov
- A.E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 8 Arbuzov St., Kazan 420088, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir F Mironov
- A.E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 8 Arbuzov St., Kazan 420088, Russian Federation
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10
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Gao X, Zhan T, Zhang X, Dong J, Bao J, Wen J, Cai P, Liu Z. Chlorination converting one efficient polymeric donor to an effective electron acceptor in organic solar cells. NANO SELECT 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/nano.202100136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Gao
- Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center of Optoelectronic and New Energy Materials Hubei Key Laboratory of Plasma Chemistry and Advanced Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Wuhan Institute of Technology Wuhan China
| | - Tao Zhan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials Guilin University of Electronic Technology Guilin Guangxi China
| | - Xiaolu Zhang
- Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center of Optoelectronic and New Energy Materials Hubei Key Laboratory of Plasma Chemistry and Advanced Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Wuhan Institute of Technology Wuhan China
| | - Jun Dong
- Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center of Optoelectronic and New Energy Materials Hubei Key Laboratory of Plasma Chemistry and Advanced Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Wuhan Institute of Technology Wuhan China
| | - Junjie Bao
- Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center of Optoelectronic and New Energy Materials Hubei Key Laboratory of Plasma Chemistry and Advanced Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Wuhan Institute of Technology Wuhan China
| | - Jing Wen
- Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center of Optoelectronic and New Energy Materials Hubei Key Laboratory of Plasma Chemistry and Advanced Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Wuhan Institute of Technology Wuhan China
| | - Ping Cai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials Guilin University of Electronic Technology Guilin Guangxi China
| | - Zhitian Liu
- Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center of Optoelectronic and New Energy Materials Hubei Key Laboratory of Plasma Chemistry and Advanced Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Wuhan Institute of Technology Wuhan China
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11
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Zhou Y, Zhang W, Yu G. Recent structural evolution of lactam- and imide-functionalized polymers applied in organic field-effect transistors and organic solar cells. Chem Sci 2021; 12:6844-6878. [PMID: 34123315 PMCID: PMC8153080 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc01711j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Organic semiconductor materials, especially donor-acceptor (D-A) polymers, have been increasingly applied in organic optoelectronic devices, such as organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) and organic solar cells (OSCs). Plenty of high-performance OFETs and OSCs have been achieved based on varieties of structurally modified D-A polymers. As the basic building block of D-A polymers, acceptor moieties have drawn much attention. Among the numerous types, lactam- and imide-functionalized electron-deficient building blocks have been widely investigated. In this review, the structural evolution of lactam- or imide-containing acceptors (for instance, diketopyrrolopyrrole, isoindigo, naphthalene diimide, and perylene diimide) is covered and their representative polymers applied in OFETs and OSCs are also discussed, with a focus on the effect of varied structurally modified acceptor moieties on the physicochemical and photoelectrical properties of polymers. Additionally, this review discusses the current issues that need to be settled down and the further development of new types of acceptors. It is hoped that this review could help design new electron-deficient building blocks, find a more valid method to modify already reported acceptor units, and achieve high-performance semiconductor materials eventually.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yankai Zhou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Centre for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Weifeng Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Centre for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Gui Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Centre for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
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12
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Reducing energy loss via tuning energy levels of polymer acceptors for efficient all-polymer solar cells. Sci China Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-020-9826-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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13
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Rout Y, Chauhan V, Misra R. Synthesis and Characterization of Isoindigo-Based Push-Pull Chromophores. J Org Chem 2020; 85:4611-4618. [PMID: 32126766 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b03267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Symmetrical and unsymmetrical chromophores of isoindigo 3-7 were designed and synthesized, in which isoindigo was used as the central unit (electron acceptor unit A), triphenylamine as the end capping unit (electron donor group D), 1,1,4,4-tetracyanobutadiene (TCBD, A') and cyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-diylidene-expanded TCBD (A″) as the acceptor unit. The effects of multiacceptor units on photophysical, electrochemical, and computational studies were investigated. The photophysical properties of isoindigo 6 and 7 exhibit a strong intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) absorption band in the near IR region. The isoindigo 4-7 shows multi-redox waves with a low electrochemical band gap, which signifies the tuning of highest occupied molecular orbital-lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy levels and enhance the π-conjugation. The computational studies demonstrate that there is a good agreement with experimental data. The molecular design and synthesis of isoindigo 4-7 gives a new avenue for the development of building blocks in organic electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogajivan Rout
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Indore 453552, India
| | - Vivek Chauhan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Indore 453552, India
| | - Rajneesh Misra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Indore 453552, India
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14
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Chen J, Huang X, Cao Z, Liu S, Liang K, Liu J, Jiao X, Zhao J, Li Q, Cai YP. Pronounced Dependence of All-Polymer Solar Cells Photovoltaic Performance on the Alkyl Substituent Patterns in Large Bandgap Polymer Donors. Chemphyschem 2020; 21:908-915. [PMID: 32150322 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202000176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
For all-polymer solar cells which are composed of polymer donors and polymer acceptors, the effect of alkyl side chains on photovoltaic performance is a matter of some debate, and this effect remains difficult to forecast. In this concise contribution, we demonstrate that three alkyls namely branched alkyl 2-butyloctyl (2BO), long linear alkyl n-dodecyl (C12), and double-short linear alkyl n-hexyls (DC6) incorporated into the side chains of large bandgap polymer donor PBDT-TTz can induce considerable, of significance, and different electronic, optical, and morphological parameters. Systematic studies shed light on the critical role of the double-short linear alkyl n-hexyls (DC6) in (i) producing large ionization potential value, (ii) increasing propensity of the polymer to order along the π-stacking direction, (iii) generating polymer crystallites with more preferential "face-on" orientation, consequently, (iv) improvement of carriers transportation, (v) suppression of charge recombination, (vi) reduction of energy loss in all-polymer devices. In parallel, we unearth that the PBDT-TTz with double-short linear alkyl n-hexyls (DC6) represents the highest efficiency of 8.3 %, whereas, the other two PBDT-TTz analogues (2BO, C12) yield efficiencies of less than 3 % in optimized all-polymer solar cells. Though branched or long linear alkyl side chains (2BO, C12) have been applied to provide the solution processability of conjugated polymers, motifs bearing multiple short linear alkyl substituents (DC6) are proved critical to the development of high performing polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiale Chen
- School of Chemistry, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage, South China Normal University (SCNU), Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Xuelong Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, P. R. China
| | - Zhixiong Cao
- School of Chemistry, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage, South China Normal University (SCNU), Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Shengjian Liu
- School of Chemistry, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage, South China Normal University (SCNU), Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Kexin Liang
- School of Chemistry, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage, South China Normal University (SCNU), Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Jinhai Liu
- School of Chemistry, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage, South China Normal University (SCNU), Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Xuechen Jiao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Australian Synchrotron, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Jiaji Zhao
- School of Chemistry, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage, South China Normal University (SCNU), Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Qingduan Li
- School of Chemistry, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage, South China Normal University (SCNU), Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Yue-Peng Cai
- School of Chemistry, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage, South China Normal University (SCNU), Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
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15
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Wang L, Bai S, Wu Y, Liu Y, Yao J, Fu H. Revealing the Nature of Singlet Fission under the Veil of Internal Conversion. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201912202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Long Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic DevicesDepartment of ChemistryCapital Normal University Beijing 100048 P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced MaterialsMinistry of EducationTaiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan 030024 P. R. China
| | - Shuming Bai
- Department of ChemistryDuke University Durham NC 27708 USA
| | - Yishi Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic DevicesDepartment of ChemistryCapital Normal University Beijing 100048 P. R. China
| | - Yanping Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic DevicesDepartment of ChemistryCapital Normal University Beijing 100048 P. R. China
| | - Jiannian Yao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic DevicesDepartment of ChemistryCapital Normal University Beijing 100048 P. R. China
- Institute of Molecular PlusSchool of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) Tianjin 300072 P. R. China
| | - Hongbing Fu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic DevicesDepartment of ChemistryCapital Normal University Beijing 100048 P. R. China
- Institute of Molecular PlusSchool of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) Tianjin 300072 P. R. China
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16
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Wang K, Dong S, Chen X, Zhou P, Zhang K, Huang J, Wang M. Improving the all-polymer solar cell performance by adding a narrow bandgap polymer as the second donor. RSC Adv 2020; 10:38344-38350. [PMID: 35517516 PMCID: PMC9057259 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra06143c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Ternary all-polymer solar cells are fabricated using an N2200 acceptor and two donor polymers (PF2 and PM2) with complementary absorption. The major donor PF2 is a relatively wide bandgap polymer that contributes the most photon absorption in the UV-vis region while the second donor PM2 improves the light harvesting due to its strong absorption in the near-IR region. By carefully tuning the ratio of two donor polymers, the best ratio of 9 : 1 : 5 (PF2 : PM2 : N2200) is achieved and shows a PCE of 6.90%, which is better than two binary devices. This work demonstrates an effective strategy of utilizing a narrow bandgap donor polymer as the second donor to improve the performance of all-polymer solar cells. Ternary all-polymer solar cells are fabricated using an N2200 acceptor and two donor polymers (PF2 and PM2) with complementary absorption.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Donghua University
- Shanghai 201620
| | - Sheng Dong
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials & Devices
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- China
| | - Xudong Chen
- Shanghai International College of Design & Innovation
- Tongji University
- Shanghai 200080
- China
| | - Ping Zhou
- Shanghai International College of Design & Innovation
- Tongji University
- Shanghai 200080
- China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials & Devices
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- China
| | - Jun Huang
- Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Donghua University
- Shanghai 201620
| | - Ming Wang
- Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Donghua University
- Shanghai 201620
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17
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Wang L, Bai S, Wu Y, Liu Y, Yao J, Fu H. Revealing the Nature of Singlet Fission under the Veil of Internal Conversion. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 59:2003-2007. [PMID: 31729139 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201912202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Singlet fission (SF) holds the potential to boost the maximum power conversion efficiency of photovoltaic devices. Internal conversion (IC) has been considered as one of the major competitive deactivation pathways to transform excitation energy into heat. Now, using time-resolved spectroscopy and theoretical calculation, it is demonstrated that, instead of a conventional IC pathway, an unexpected intramolecular singlet fission (iSF) process is responsible for excited state deactivation in isoindigo derivatives. The 1 TT state could form at ultrafast rate and nearly quantitatively in solution. In solid films, the slipped stacked intermolecular packing of a thiophene-functionalized derivative leads to efficient triplet pair separation, giving rise to an overall triplet yield of 181 %. This work not only enriches the pool of iSF-capable materials, but also contributes to a better understanding of the iSF mechanism, which could be relevant for designing new SF sensitizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, P. R. China
| | - Shuming Bai
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Yishi Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, P. R. China
| | - Yanping Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, P. R. China
| | - Jiannian Yao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, P. R. China
- Institute of Molecular Plus, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Hongbing Fu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, P. R. China
- Institute of Molecular Plus, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
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18
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Recent advances in molecular design of functional conjugated polymers for high-performance polymer solar cells. Prog Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2019.101175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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19
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Zhao R, Lin B, Feng J, Dou C, Ding Z, Ma W, Liu J, Wang L. Amorphous Polymer Acceptor Containing B ← N Units Matches Various Polymer Donors for All-Polymer Solar Cells. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruyan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Baojun Lin
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Jirui Feng
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Chuandong Dou
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Zicheng Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Wei Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Jun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Lixiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
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20
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Zhu P, Fan B, Ying L, Huang F, Cao Y. Recent Progress in All‐Polymer Solar Cells Based on Wide‐Bandgap p‐Type Polymers. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:3109-3118. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201900827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhu
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and DevicesState Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and DevicesSouth China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Baobing Fan
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and DevicesState Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and DevicesSouth China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Lei Ying
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and DevicesState Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and DevicesSouth China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Fei Huang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and DevicesState Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and DevicesSouth China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Yong Cao
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and DevicesState Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and DevicesSouth China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
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21
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Lee C, Lee S, Kim GU, Lee W, Kim BJ. Recent Advances, Design Guidelines, and Prospects of All-Polymer Solar Cells. Chem Rev 2019; 119:8028-8086. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 409] [Impact Index Per Article: 81.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Changyeon Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Seungjin Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Geon-U Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Wonho Lee
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi, Gyeongbuk 39177, South Korea
| | - Bumjoon J. Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
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22
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Benzothienoisoindigo-based polymers for efficient polymer solar cells with an open-circuit voltage of 0.96 V. POLYMER 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2019.05.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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23
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Cruciani F, Babics M, Liu S, Carja D, Mantione D, Beaujuge PM. N
‐Acylisoindigo Derivatives as Polymer Acceptors for “All‐Polymer” Bulk‐Heterojunction Solar Cells. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201900029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Federico Cruciani
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques (LCPO – UMR 5629)Bordeaux INPUniversité de Bordeaux, CNRS 16 Av., Pey‐Berland 33607 Pessac France
- Physical Sciences and Engineering DivisionKAUST Solar Center (KSC)King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955‐6900 Saudi Arabia
| | - Maxime Babics
- Physical Sciences and Engineering DivisionKAUST Solar Center (KSC)King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955‐6900 Saudi Arabia
| | - Shengjian Liu
- Physical Sciences and Engineering DivisionKAUST Solar Center (KSC)King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955‐6900 Saudi Arabia
- School of Chemistry and EnvironmentGuangzhou Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and StorageGuangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Materials for Energy Conversion and StorageSouth China Normal University Guanghzou 510006 P. R. China
| | - Daniela Carja
- Physical Sciences and Engineering DivisionKAUST Solar Center (KSC)King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955‐6900 Saudi Arabia
| | - Daniele Mantione
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques (LCPO – UMR 5629)Bordeaux INPUniversité de Bordeaux, CNRS 16 Av., Pey‐Berland 33607 Pessac France
| | - Pierre M. Beaujuge
- Physical Sciences and Engineering DivisionKAUST Solar Center (KSC)King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955‐6900 Saudi Arabia
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24
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Genene Z, Mammo W, Wang E, Andersson MR. Recent Advances in n-Type Polymers for All-Polymer Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1807275. [PMID: 30790384 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201807275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
All-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs) based on n- and p-type polymers have emerged as promising alternatives to fullerene-based solar cells due to their unique advantages such as good chemical and electronic adjustability, and better thermal and photochemical stabilities. Rapid advances have been made in the development of n-type polymers consisting of various electron acceptor units for all-PSCs. So far, more than 200 n-type polymer acceptors have been reported. In the last seven years, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of all-PSCs rapidly increased and has now surpassed 10%, meaning they are approaching the performance of state-of-the-art solar cells using fullerene derivatives as acceptors. This review discusses the design criteria, synthesis, and structure-property relationships of n-type polymers that have been used in all-PSCs. Additionally, it highlights the recent progress toward photovoltaic performance enhancement of binary, ternary, and tandem all-PSCs. Finally, the challenges and prospects for further development of all-PSCs are briefly considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zewdneh Genene
- Department of Chemistry, Ambo University, P. O. Box 19, Ambo, Ethiopia
| | - Wendimagegn Mammo
- Department of Chemistry, Addis Ababa University, P.O Box 33658, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Ergang Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Applied Chemistry, Chalmers University of Technology, SE 412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mats R Andersson
- Flinders Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Flinders University, Sturt Road, Bedford Park, Adelaide, SA, 5042, Australia
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25
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Xu X, Zhang G, Li Y, Peng Q. The recent progress of wide bandgap donor polymers towards non-fullerene organic solar cells. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2019.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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26
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Sun H, Tang Y, Koh CW, Ling S, Wang R, Yang K, Yu J, Shi Y, Wang Y, Woo HY, Guo X. High-Performance All-Polymer Solar Cells Enabled by an n-Type Polymer Based on a Fluorinated Imide-Functionalized Arene. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1807220. [PMID: 30767296 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201807220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A novel imide-functionalized arene, di(fluorothienyl)thienothiophene diimide (f-FBTI2), featuring a fused backbone functionalized with electron-withdrawing F atoms, is designed, and the synthetic challenges associated with highly electron-deficient fluorinated imide are overcome. The incorporation of f-FBTI2 into polymer affords a high-performance n-type semiconductor f-FBTI2-T, which shows a reduced bandgap and lower-lying lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy level than the polymer analog without F or with F-functionalization on the donor moiety. These optoelectronic properties reflect the distinctive advantages of fluorination of electron-deficient acceptors, yielding "stronger acceptors," which are desirable for n-type polymers. When used as a polymer acceptor in all-polymer solar cells, an excellent power conversion efficiency of 8.1% is achieved without any solvent additive or thermal treatment, which is the highest value reported for all-polymer solar cells except well-studied naphthalene diimide and perylene diimide-based n-type polymers. In addition, the solar cells show an energy loss of 0.53 eV, the smallest value reported to date for all-polymer solar cells with efficiency > 8%. These results demonstrate that fluorination of imide-functionalized arenes offers an effective approach for developing new electron-deficient building blocks with improved optoelectronic properties, and the emergence of f-FBTI2 will change the scenario in terms of developing n-type polymers for high-performance all-polymer solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiliang Sun
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and The Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Printed Organic Electronics, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510640, China
| | - Yumin Tang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and The Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Printed Organic Electronics, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Chang Woo Koh
- Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul, 136-713, South Korea
| | - Shaohua Ling
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and The Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Printed Organic Electronics, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Ruizhi Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and The Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Printed Organic Electronics, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Kun Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and The Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Printed Organic Electronics, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Jianwei Yu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and The Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Printed Organic Electronics, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Yongqiang Shi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and The Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Printed Organic Electronics, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Yingfeng Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and The Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Printed Organic Electronics, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Han Young Woo
- Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul, 136-713, South Korea
| | - Xugang Guo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and The Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Printed Organic Electronics, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
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27
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Chen X, Liu Q, Zhang M, Ju H, Zhu J, Qiao Q, Wang M, Yang S. Noncovalent phosphorylation of graphene oxide with improved hole transport in high-efficiency polymer solar cells. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:14840-14846. [PMID: 30051897 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr02638f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) has been extensively applied as an alternative hole transport layer (HTL) of bulk heterojunction polymer solar cells (BHJ-PSCs) with the function of selectively transporting holes and blocking electrons, but suffers from low electrical conductivity. Herein, using phosphorus pentoxide (P2O5) dissolved in methanol as a precursor, we successfully modified GO via noncovalent phosphorylation for the first time, which showed improved hole transport in BHJ-PSCs compared to the pristine GO. As a result, BHJ-PSC devices based on noncovalently phosphorylated GO (P-GO) HTL show dramatically higher power conversion efficiencies (7.90%, 6.59%, 3.85% for PTB7:PC71BM, PBDTTT-C:PC71BM, P3HT:PC61BM, respectively) than those of the corresponding control devices based on the pristine GO HTL (6.28%, 5.07%, 2.78%), which are comparable to those of devices based on the most widely used HTL-poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Chen
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information & Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
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28
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Liu X, Zhang C, Duan C, Li M, Hu Z, Wang J, Liu F, Li N, Brabec CJ, Janssen RAJ, Bazan GC, Huang F, Cao Y. Morphology Optimization via Side Chain Engineering Enables All-Polymer Solar Cells with Excellent Fill Factor and Stability. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:8934-8943. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b05038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xi Liu
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People’s Republic of China
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Chaohong Zhang
- Institute of Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (i-MEET), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Martensstrasse 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Chunhui Duan
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mengmeng Li
- Molecular Materials and Nanosystems, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Zhicheng Hu
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ning Li
- Institute of Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (i-MEET), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Martensstrasse 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christoph J. Brabec
- Institute of Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (i-MEET), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Martensstrasse 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Bavarian Center for Applied Energy Research (ZAE Bayern), Immerwahrstrasse 2, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - René A. J. Janssen
- Molecular Materials and Nanosystems, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Guillermo C. Bazan
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Fei Huang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong Cao
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People’s Republic of China
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29
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A new strategy for designing polymer electron acceptors: electronrich conjugated backbone with electron-deficient side units. Sci China Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-018-9241-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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30
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Yu C, Xu Y, Li C, Feng G, Yang F, Li J, Li W. An Isoindigo-Based “Double-Cable” Conjugated Polymer for Single- Component Polymer Solar Cells. CHINESE J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201800009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Changshi Yu
- Department of Chemistry; School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University; Beijing 100044 China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 China
| | - Yunhua Xu
- Department of Chemistry; School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University; Beijing 100044 China
| | - Cheng Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 China
| | - Guitao Feng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 China
| | - Fan Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 China
| | - Junyu Li
- DSM DMSC R&D Solutions; P.O. Box 18, 6160 MD Geleen The Netherlands
| | - Weiwei Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 China
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31
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Miao J, Xu H, Meng B, Liu J, Wang L. Polymer Electron Acceptors Based on Fluorinated Isoindigo Unit for Polymer Solar Cells. CHINESE J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201800006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junhui Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Changchun Jilin 130022 China
- University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Han Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Changchun Jilin 130022 China
- Center for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials Research; Northeast Normal University; Changchun Jilin 130024 China
| | - Bin Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Changchun Jilin 130022 China
| | - Jun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Changchun Jilin 130022 China
| | - Lixiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Changchun Jilin 130022 China
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