1
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Guan X, Li WJ, Shuai MS, Zhang M, Zhou CC, Fu XZ, Yang YY, Zhou M, He B, Zhao YL. Rh(III)-Catalyzed C7-Alkylation of Isatogens with Malonic Acid Diazoesters. J Org Chem 2024; 89:2984-2995. [PMID: 38334453 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Rh(III)-catalyzed C7-alkylation of isatogens (indolin-3-one N-oxides) with malonic acid diazoesters has been developed. This strategy utilizes oxygen anion on the N-oxide group of isatogens as a directing group and successfully achieves the synthesis of a series of C7-alkylated isatogens with moderate to good yields (48-86% yields). Moreover, the N-oxides of isatogens can not only serve as the simple directing group for C7-H bond cleavage but also be deoxidized for easy removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Guan
- School of Pharmacy, and Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Jie Li
- School of Pharmacy, and Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, P.R. China
| | - Ming-Shan Shuai
- School of Pharmacy, and Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, P.R. China
| | - Mao Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, and Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, P.R. China
| | - Chao-Chao Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, and Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Zhong Fu
- School of Pharmacy, and Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, P.R. China
| | - Yuan-Yong Yang
- School of Pharmacy, and Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, P.R. China
| | - Meng Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, and Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, P.R. China
| | - Bin He
- School of Pharmacy, and Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Long Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, and Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, P.R. China
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2
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Lv X, Wang M, Zhao Y, Shi Z. P(III)-Directed Asymmetric C-H Arylation toward Planar Chiral Ferrocenes by Palladium Catalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:3483-3491. [PMID: 38266486 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c13266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Planar chiral ferrocenyl phosphines have been employed as highly valuable ligands in metal-catalyzed asymmetric reactions. However, their preparation remains a formidable challenge due to the requirement for intricate, multistep synthetic sequences. In addressing this issue, we have developed a groundbreaking enantioselective C-H activation strategy facilitated by P(III) directing groups, enabling the efficient construction of planar chiral ferrocenyl phosphines in a single step. Our innovative approach entails the combination of a palladium catalyst, a parent ferrocenyl phosphine, and a chiral phosphoramidite ligand, leading to exceptional reactivity and enantioselectivity. Remarkably, these novel ligands exhibit remarkable efficacy in silver-catalyzed asymmetric 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions. We carried out a combination of experimental and computational studies to obtain a more comprehensive understanding of the reaction pathway and the factors contributing to enantioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueli Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Minyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Zhuangzhi Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
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3
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Jiang W, Yang X, Lin L, Yan C, Zhao Y, Wang M, Shi Z. Merging Visible Light Photocatalysis and P(III)-Directed C-H Activation by a Single Catalyst: Modular Assembly of P-Alkyne Hybrid Ligands. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202309709. [PMID: 37814137 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202309709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Metal-catalyzed C-H activation strategies provide an efficient approach for synthesis by minimizing atom, step, and redox economy. Developing milder, greener, and more effective protocols for these strategies is always highly desirable to the scientific community. In this study, the utilization of a single rhodium complex enabled the visible-light-induced late-stage C-H activation of biaryl-type phosphines with alkynyl bromides, employing inherent phosphorus atoms as directing groups. This chemistry combines P(III)-directed C-H activation with visible light photocatalysis, under exogenous photosensitizer-free conditions, offering a unique platform for ligand design and preparation. Furthermore, this study also explores the asymmetric catalysis and coordination chemistry of the resulting P-alkyne hybrid ligands with specific transition metals. Experimental results and density functional theory calculations demonstrate the mechanistic intricacies of this transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Jiang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Xiuxiu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Lin Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Chaoguo Yan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Minyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Zhuangzhi Shi
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
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4
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Yadav SK, Jeganmohan M. Nickel-Catalyzed Tandem Cyclization of 1,6-Diynes with Indolines/Indoles through Dual C-H Bond Activation. J Org Chem 2023; 88:14454-14469. [PMID: 37791905 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
A nickel-catalyzed site-selective tandem cyclization of 1,6-diynes with substituted indolines or indoles through consecutive dual C-H bond activation is described. In the reaction, substituted fused indole and carbazole derivatives were observed in good to excellent yields, in which three consecutive C-C bonds formed in one pot. Later, in the presence of DDQ, the aromatization of the indoline derivative was converted to the indole derivative. A possible reaction mechanism involving dual C-H bond activation as a key step was proposed to account for the present reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh Kumar Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, Tamil Nadu India
| | - Masilamani Jeganmohan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, Tamil Nadu India
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5
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Dang Q, Chen J, Li T, Liu L, Huang T, Li C, Chen T. Palladium-Catalyzed Decarbonylative Annulation of 2-Arylbenzoic Acids with Internal Alkynes toward Phenanthrenes. J Org Chem 2023; 88:12808-12815. [PMID: 37589566 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
A palladium-catalyzed decarbonylative annulation of 2-arylbenzoic acids with internal alkynes via C(sp2)-H activation has been developed. A series of phenanthrenes were produced in moderate to good yield with good functional group tolerance. The mechanism study indicated that the C(sp2)-H activation should be the rate-determining step during the reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Dang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Fine Chemical, Hainan Provincial Fine Chemical Engineering Research Center, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, P. R. China
| | - Jiani Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Fine Chemical, Hainan Provincial Fine Chemical Engineering Research Center, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, P. R. China
| | - Tianbao Li
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Fine Chemical, Hainan Provincial Fine Chemical Engineering Research Center, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, P. R. China
| | - Long Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Fine Chemical, Hainan Provincial Fine Chemical Engineering Research Center, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, P. R. China
| | - Tianzeng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Fine Chemical, Hainan Provincial Fine Chemical Engineering Research Center, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, P. R. China
| | - Chunya Li
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Fine Chemical, Hainan Provincial Fine Chemical Engineering Research Center, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, P. R. China
| | - Tieqiao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Fine Chemical, Hainan Provincial Fine Chemical Engineering Research Center, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, P. R. China
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6
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Peng M, Ari D, Roisnel T, Doucet H, Soulé JF. Rhodium(i)-catalyzed cascade C(sp 2)-H bond alkylation - amidation of anilines: phosphorus as traceless directing group. Chem Sci 2023; 14:9055-9062. [PMID: 37655033 PMCID: PMC10466282 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc02992a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
We introduce a versatile Rh(i)-catalyzed cascade reaction, combining C(sp2)-H bond functionalization and amidation between N-arylphosphanamines and acrylates. This innovative approach enables the rapid synthesis of dihydroquinolinone scaffolds, a common heterocycle found in various pharmaceuticals. Notably, the presence of the phosphorus atom facilitates the aniline ortho-C(sp2)-H bond activation prior to N-P bond hydrolysis, streamlining one-pot intramolecular amidation. Moreover, we demonstrate the applicability of this reaction by synthesizing an antipsychotic drug. Detailed mechanistic investigations revealed the involvement of a Rh-H intermediate, with substrate inhibition through catalyst saturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Peng
- Univ. Rennes, CNRS UMR6226 Rennes F-3500 France
| | - Denis Ari
- Univ. Rennes, CNRS UMR6226 Rennes F-3500 France
| | | | | | - Jean-François Soulé
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences 75005 Paris France
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7
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Chen XY, Tang Y, Xiang X, Tang Y, Huang M, Zheng S, Yang C. Green One-Pot Syntheses of 2-Sulfoximidoyl-3,6-dibromo Indoles Using N-Br Sulfoximines as Both Brominating and Sulfoximinating Reagents. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28083380. [PMID: 37110617 PMCID: PMC10146707 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A green one-pot 2,3,6-trifunctionalization of N-alkyl/aryl indoles was achieved by adding three equivalents of N-Br sulfoximine to the indole solution. A variety of 2-sulfoximidoyl-3,6-dibromo indoles were prepared with 38-94% yields using N-Br sulfoximines as both brominating and sulfoximinating reagents. Based on the results of controlled experiments, we propose that a radical substitution involving 3,6-dibromination and 2-sulfoximination occurs in the reaction process. This is first time that 2,3,6-trifunctionalization of indole in one pot has been achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Yun Chen
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China
| | - Yaonan Tang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China
| | - Xinran Xiang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China
| | - Yisong Tang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China
| | - Mingyang Huang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China
| | - Shaojun Zheng
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China
| | - Cuifeng Yang
- Modern Chemistry Research Institute of Xi'an, Xi'an 710065, China
- State Key Laboratory of Fluorine & Nitrogen Chemicals, Xi'an 710065, China
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8
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Zhang J, Yao L, Su JY, Liu YZ, Wang Q, Deng WP. Transition-metal-catalyzed aromatic C–H functionalization assisted by the phosphorus-containing directing groups. GREEN SYNTHESIS AND CATALYSIS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gresc.2023.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
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9
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Lin L, Zhang XJ, Xu X, Zhao Y, Shi Z. Ru 3 (CO) 12 -Catalyzed Modular Assembly of Hemilabile Ligands by C-H Activation of Phosphines with Isocyanates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202214584. [PMID: 36479789 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202214584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hemilabile ligands have been applied extensively in transition metal catalysis, but preparations of these molecules typically require multistep synthesis. Here, modular assembly of diverse phosphine-amide ligands, including related axially chiral compounds, is first reported through ruthenium-catalyzed C-H activation of phosphines with isocyanate directed by phosphorus(III) atoms. High reactivity and regioselectivity can be obtained by using a Ru3 (CO)12 catalyst with a mono-N-protected amino acid ligand. This transformation significantly expands the pool of phosphine-amide ligands, some of which have shown excellent efficiency for asymmetric catalysis. More broadly, the discovery constitutes a proof of principle for facile construction of hemilabile ligands directly from the parent monodentate phosphines by C-H activation with ideal atom, step and redox economy. Several dinuclear ruthenium complexes were characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis revealing the key mechanistic features of this transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Xue-Jun Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Xinyu Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Zhuangzhi Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
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10
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Banerjee S, Mishra M, Punniyamurthy T. Copper-Catalyzed C7-Selective C–H/N–H Cross-Dehydrogenative Coupling of Indolines with Sulfoximines. Org Lett 2022; 24:7997-8001. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c03190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sonbidya Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
| | - Manmath Mishra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
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11
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Zhao H, Zeng Q, Yang J, Xu B, Lei H, Xu L, Walsh PJ. Rhodium(I)-catalyzed directed trideuteromethylation of (hetero)arene C-H bonds with CD 3CO 2D. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:7645-7649. [PMID: 36125438 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01581a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A Rh(I)-catalyzed trideuteromethylation of heteroarenes with inexpensive and readily available deuterated acetic acid (CD3CO2D) with the aid of a N-containing directing groups is developed. The oxidant-free reaction is applicable to a wide range of heteroarene substrates, including 2-pyridones, indoles, aryl rings, pyrroles and carbazoles. It allows installation of CD3 groups under straightforward reaction conditions. It is expected that the salient and practical features of this trideuteromethylation protocol will be of use to academic and industrial researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoqiang Zhao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China. .,Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China. .,Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Penn/Merck Laboratory for High-Throughput Experimentation, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, USA.
| | - Qi Zeng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China.
| | - Ji Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China.
| | - Bing Xu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China.
| | - Haimin Lei
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China.
| | - Lijin Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China.
| | - Patrick J Walsh
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Penn/Merck Laboratory for High-Throughput Experimentation, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, USA.
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12
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Dai L, Guo J, Huang Q, Lu Y. Asymmetric multifunctionalization of alkynes via photo-irradiated organocatalysis. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eadd2574. [PMID: 36103531 PMCID: PMC9473573 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.add2574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Alkynes represent a family of pivotal and sustainable feedstocks for various industries such as pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and materials, and they are widely used as important starting materials for the production of a broad range of chemical entities. Nevertheless, efficient structural elaborations of alkynes in chemical synthesis, especially asymmetric multifunctionalization of alkynes, remain largely unexplored. It is thus imperative to develop new asymmetric synthetic approaches, making use of these richly available chemical feedstocks, and enabling their conversion to value-added chiral molecules. Here, we disclose our findings on highly enantioselective multifunctionalization of alkynes by merging photochemistry and chiral phosphoric acid catalysis. Our reported one-pot synthetic protocol is applicable to all types of alkyne substrates, incorporating all three reactants in a fully atom-economic fashion to produce optically enriched tetrasubstituted triaryl- and diarylmethanes, important structural scaffolds in medicinal chemistry and biological sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Dai
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Jiami Guo
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou, Fujian 350207, China
| | - Qingqin Huang
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou, Fujian 350207, China
| | - Yixin Lu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou, Fujian 350207, China
- Corresponding author.
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13
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Recent advances in theoretical studies on transition-metal-catalyzed regioselective C-H functionalization of indoles. J Mol Model 2022; 28:267. [PMID: 35994132 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-022-05265-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Indole compounds are widely found in natural products and drug candidates. The transition-metal-catalyzed regioselective C-H bond functionalization of indoles as the most efficient method for the synthesis of various functionalized indoles has been extensively studied in the past two decades due to its advantages of step economy and atom economy. In general, the catalysts included the transition-metals (Pd, Rh, Ru, Cu, Co, Fe, Zn, and Ga) and these reactions were accomplished with a remarkably wide range of coupling reagents for construction of various C-C and C-X (X = N, O, S) bonds. However, the general and important rules of the regioselectivity are not clear to date. Therefore, a comprehensive analysis through previous reported theoretical studies on transition-metal-catalyzed regioselective C-H bond functionalization of indoles was crucial and significant. In this review, we found that when the C-H bond activation process was the rate-determining step, the regioselectivity ordinarily occurred at the C7 or C4 positions (on benzene ring), and otherwise, the regioselectivity often occurred at C2 position (on pyrrole ring). For indoline substrates, the C-H bond functionalization occurred at the benzene ring. General rules of the regioselectivities for transition-metal-catalyzed C-H bond functionalization of indoles. This review collects major advances in the transition-metal-catalyzed C-H bond functionalization of indoles and indolines.
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14
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Wang F, Chen C, Zhang F, Meng Q. Comprehensive Theoretical Study of Nickel‐NHC‐catalyzed Enantioselective Intramolecular Indole C‐H Cyclization: Reaction Mechanism, Reactivity, Regioselectivity, and Electronic Processes. Appl Organomet Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fen Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taishan University Taian Shandong China
| | - Changbao Chen
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agricultural University Taian Shandong People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Film Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Fujian Industrial Co., Ltd. Xiamen Fujian China
| | - Qingxi Meng
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agricultural University Taian Shandong People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Film Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs China
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15
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He L, Du JJ, Zhou JJ, Chen MT, Luo L, Li BQ, Zhang XZ, Ma WZ, Ma AJ, Feng N. Synthesis of Melatonin Derivatives and the Neuroprotective Effects on Parkinson's Disease Models of Caenorhabditis elegans. Front Chem 2022; 10:918116. [PMID: 35755259 PMCID: PMC9213837 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.918116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin (MT) is a hormone with antioxidant activity secreted by the pineal gland in the human brain, which is highly efficient in scavenging free radicals and plays an important role in the neuro-immuno-endocrine system. Emerging evidence showed that MT supplementation was a potential therapeutic strategy for Parkinson’s disease (PD), which inhibits pathways associated with oxidative stress in PD. In this study, we reported a C7-selective olefination of melatonin under rhodium catalysis with the aid of PIII-directing groups and synthesized 10 new melatonin-C7-cinnamic acid derivatives (6a–6j). The antioxidant potential of the compounds was evaluated both by ABTS and ORAC methods. Among these newly synthesized melatonin derivatives, 6a showed significantly higher activity than MT at 10−5 M. In the transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans model of PD, 6a significantly reduces alpha-synuclein aggregation and dopaminergic neuronal damage in nematodes while reducing intracellular ROS levels and recovers behavioral dysfunction induced by dopaminergic neurodegeneration. Further study of the mechanism of action of this compound can provide new therapeutic ideas and treatment strategies for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li He
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China
| | - Jing-Jing Du
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Jun-Jie Zhou
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China
| | - Meng-Ting Chen
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China
| | - Lu Luo
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China
| | - Bao-Qiong Li
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China
| | - Xiang-Zhi Zhang
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China
| | - Wen-Zhe Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Ai-Jun Ma
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China
| | - Na Feng
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China
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16
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Zhao H, Luo Z, Yang J, Li B, Han J, Xu L, Lai W, Walsh PJ. Ligand‐Promoted Rh
I
‐Catalyzed C2‐Selective C−H Alkenylation and Polyenylation of Imidazoles with Alkenyl Carboxylic Acids. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200441. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haoqiang Zhao
- Department of Chemistry Renmin University of China Beijing 100872 P. R. China
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories Penn/Merck Laboratory for High-Throughput Experimentation Department of Chemistry University of Pennsylvania 231 South 34th Street Philadelphia PA 19104-6323 USA
- Department of Chemistry School of Chinese Pharmacy Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing 102488 P. R. China
| | - Zhenli Luo
- Department of Chemistry Renmin University of China Beijing 100872 P. R. China
| | - Ji Yang
- Department of Chemistry Renmin University of China Beijing 100872 P. R. China
| | - Bohan Li
- Department of Chemistry Renmin University of China Beijing 100872 P. R. China
| | - Jiahong Han
- Department of Chemistry Renmin University of China Beijing 100872 P. R. China
| | - Lijin Xu
- Department of Chemistry Renmin University of China Beijing 100872 P. R. China
| | - Wenzhen Lai
- Department of Chemistry Renmin University of China Beijing 100872 P. R. China
| | - Patrick J. Walsh
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories Penn/Merck Laboratory for High-Throughput Experimentation Department of Chemistry University of Pennsylvania 231 South 34th Street Philadelphia PA 19104-6323 USA
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17
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Pipaón Fernández N, Gaube G, Woelk KJ, Burns M, Hruszkewycz DP, Leitch DC. Palladium-Catalyzed Direct C–H Alkenylation with Enol Pivalates Proceeds via Reversible C–O Oxidative Addition to Pd(0). ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c01305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nahiane Pipaón Fernández
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Rd., Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Gregory Gaube
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Rd., Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Kyla J. Woelk
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Rd., Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Mathias Burns
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Rd., Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Damian P. Hruszkewycz
- Chemical Development, GlaxoSmithKline, 1250 S Collegeville Rd, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - David C. Leitch
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Rd., Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
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18
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Taskesenligil Y, Aslan M, Cogurcu T, Saracoglu N. Directed C-H Functionalization of C3-Aldehyde, Ketone, and Acid/Ester-Substituted Free (NH) Indoles with Iodoarenes via a Palladium Catalyst System. J Org Chem 2022; 88:1299-1318. [PMID: 35609297 PMCID: PMC9903333 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Pd(II)-catalyzed C-H arylations of free (NH) indoles including different carbonyl directing groups on C3-position with aryl iodides are demonstrated. Importantly, the reactions are carried out using the same catalyst system without any additional transient directing group (TDG). In this study, the formyl group as a directing group gave the C4-arylated indoles versus C2-arylation. Using this catalyst system, C-H functionalization of 3-acetylindoles provided domino C4-arylation/3,2-carbonyl migration products. This transformation involves the unusual migration of the acetyl group to the C2-position following C4-arylation in one pot. Meanwhile, migration of the acetyl group could be simply controlled and N-protected 3-acetylindoles afforded C4-arylation products without migration of the acetyl group. Functionalization of indole-3-carboxylic acid (or methyl ester) with aryl iodides using the present Pd(II)-catalyst system resulted in decarboxylation followed by the formation of C2-arylated indoles. Based on the control experiments and the literature, plausible mechanisms are proposed. The synthetic utilities of these acetylindole derivatives have also been demonstrated. Remarkably, C4-arylated acetylindoles have allowed the construction of functionalized pityiacitrin (a natural product).
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19
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Yang QL, Liu Y, Liang L, Li ZH, Qu GR, Guo HM. Facilitating Rh-Catalyzed C-H Alkylation of (Hetero)arenes and 6-Arylpurine Nucleosides (Nucleotides) with Electrochemistry. J Org Chem 2022; 87:6161-6178. [PMID: 35438486 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An electrochemical approach to promote the ortho-C-H alkylation of (hetero)arenes via rhodium catalysis under mild conditions is described. This approach features mild conditions with high levels of regio- and monoselectivity that tolerate a variety of aromatic and heteroaromatic groups and offers a widely applicable method for late-stage diversification of complex molecular architectures including tryptophan, estrone, diazepam, nucleosides, and nucleotides. Alkyl boronic acids and esters and alkyl trifluoroborates are demonstrated as suitable coupling partners. The isolation of key rhodium intermediates and mechanistic studies provided strong support for a rhodium(III/IV or V) regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Liang Yang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules and Drug Innovation, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Ying Liu
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules and Drug Innovation, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Lei Liang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, China
| | - Zhi-Hao Li
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules and Drug Innovation, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Gui-Rong Qu
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules and Drug Innovation, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Hai-Ming Guo
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules and Drug Innovation, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
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20
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Guan R, Zhao H, Zhang M. Construction of Fused Tetrahydroquinolines by Catalytic Hydride-Transfer-Initiated Tandem Functionalization of Quinolines. Org Lett 2022; 24:3048-3052. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c01001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rongqing Guan
- Key Lab of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Rd-381, Guangzhou 510641, P. R. China
| | - He Zhao
- Key Lab of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Rd-381, Guangzhou 510641, P. R. China
| | - Min Zhang
- Key Lab of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Rd-381, Guangzhou 510641, P. R. China
- Qingyuan Huayuan Institute of Science and Technology Collaborative InnovationCo., Ltd., China
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21
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Fu Y, Chen CH, Huang MG, Tao JY, Peng X, Xu HB, Liu YJ, Zeng MH. Remote C5-Selective Functionalization of Naphthalene Enabled by P–Ru–C Bond-Directed δ-Activation. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c00839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yueliuting Fu
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Cui-Hong Chen
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Mao-Gui Huang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Jun-Yang Tao
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Xu Peng
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Hai-Bing Xu
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Yue-Jin Liu
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Ming-Hua Zeng
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
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22
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Suzuki H, Kawai Y, Takemura Y, Matsuda T. Rhodium-catalysed decarbonylative C(sp 2)-H alkylation of indolines with alkyl carboxylic acids and carboxylic anhydrides under redox-neutral conditions. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:2808-2812. [PMID: 35318479 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob00249c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
We developed a rhodium-catalysed decarbonylative C(sp2)-H alkylation method for indolines. This reaction facilitates the use of alkyl carboxylic acids and their anhydrides as a cheap, abundant and non-toxic alkyl source under redox-neutral conditions, featuring the introduction of a primary alkyl chain, which cannot be addressed by previous radical-mediated decarboxylative reaction. Through a mechanistic investigation, we revealed that an initially formed C-7 acylated indoline was transformed into the corresponding alkylated indoline via a decarbonylation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirotsugu Suzuki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan.
| | - Yuya Kawai
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan.
| | - Yosuke Takemura
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan.
| | - Takanori Matsuda
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan.
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23
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Xu T, He Q, Fan R. Synthesis of C7-Functionalized Indoles through an Aromaticity Destruction-Reconstruction Process. Org Lett 2022; 24:2665-2669. [PMID: 35377659 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c00733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A process for the synthesis of C7-functionalized indoles using para-substituted 2-alkynylanilines as starting materials was reported. The process involves a dearomatization, an 1,2-addition by organic lithium or Grignard reagents, an aromatization-driven allylic rearrangement, and a cyclization. A variety of groups including alkyl, aryl, alkenyl, or alkynyl groups were selectively installed at the C7 site of indoles leading to the formation of 2,5,7-trisubstituted indoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingxuan Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Qiuqin He
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Renhua Fan
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China
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24
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Empel C, Jana S, Langletz T, Koenigs RM. Rhodium-Catalyzed C-H Methylation and Alkylation Reactions by Carbene-Transfer Reactions. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202104321. [PMID: 35015327 PMCID: PMC9302633 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202104321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In this combined computational and experimental study, the C-H functionalization of 2-phenyl pyridine with diazoalkanes was investigated. Initial evaluation by computational methods allowed the evaluation of different metal catalysts and diazoalkanes and their compatibility in this C-H functionalization reaction. With these findings, suitable reaction conditions for the C-H methylation reactions were quickly identified by using highly reactive TMS diazomethane and C-H alkylation reactions with donor/acceptor diazoalkanes, which is applied to a broad scope on alkylation reactions of 2-aryl pyridines with TMS diazomethane and donor/acceptor diazoalkane (51 examples, up to 98 % yield).
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Empel
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, D-52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Sripati Jana
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, D-52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Tim Langletz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, D-52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Rene M Koenigs
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, D-52074, Aachen, Germany
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25
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Suzuki H, Sasamori F, Matsuda T. Rhodium-Catalyzed C(sp 2)-H Alkoxycarbonylation/Acylation of Indolines with Anhydrides as a Carbonyl Source. Org Lett 2022; 24:1141-1145. [PMID: 35099974 PMCID: PMC8848290 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c04195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
![]()
We developed rhodium-catalyzed alkoxylcarbonylation/acylation
of
indolines using anhydrides as a safe and easy-to-handle carbonyl source.
This catalytic process represents an additive- and CO-free carbonylation,
establishing a simple and straightforward protocol for synthesizing
C7-carbonylated indolines. Notably, this reaction provides a successful
example of C–H acylation of indolines that results in the formation
of α-branched ketones, which were difficult to prepare by previously
reported analogous catalytic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirotsugu Suzuki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Fumito Sasamori
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Takanori Matsuda
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
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26
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Feng B, Zhang G, Feng X, Chen Y. Palladium-catalyzed decarbonylative methylation of aryl carboxylic acids. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo01756j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Described herein is a palladium-catalyzed decarbonylative methylation of general carboxylic acids, providing an efficient method for Ar–Me bond formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boya Feng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, The Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Guodong Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, The Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Xu Feng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, The Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, The Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Eco-cultivation and High-value Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
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27
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Wu JX, Yao QX, Duan WZ, Li DC, Huang XQ, Dou JM, Wang HW. Rh III-Catalyzed heteroarylation of N-2,6-difluorophenyl arylamides with heteroaryl boronate esters. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo01868j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
An efficient strategy to aryl-heteroaryl formation via RhIII-catalyzed C–H heteroarylation of arenes with N-heterocyclic boronates has been disclosed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Xue Wu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Qing-Xia Yao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Wen-Zeng Duan
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Da-Cheng Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Xian-Qiang Huang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Jian-Min Dou
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Huai-Wei Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
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28
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Zhang X, Yu W, Nie Y, Zhang Y, Gu X, Wei W, Zhang Z, Liang T. Copper-iodine Co-catalyzed C−H Aminoalkenylation of Indoles via Temperature-controlled Selectivity Switch: Facile Synthesis of 2-Azolyl-3-alkenylindoles. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo00627h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An efficient copper-iodine co-catalyzed 2,3-difunctionalization of indoles with azoles and phenols via temperature-controlled selectivity switch has been developed for the green synthesis of 2-azolyl-3-alkenylindoles. The strategy involves the simultaneous establishment...
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29
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Yuan Y, Liu X, Hu J, Wang P, Wang S, Alhumade H, Lei A. Electrochemical Oxidative N-H/P-H Cross-Coupling with H2 Evolution towards the Synthesis of Tertiary Phosphines. Chem Sci 2022; 13:3002-3008. [PMID: 35382477 PMCID: PMC8905962 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc07248j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Tertiary phosphines(iii) find widespread use in many aspects of synthetic organic chemistry. Herein, we developed a facile and novel electrochemical oxidative N–H/P–H cross-coupling method, leading to a series of expected tertiary phosphines(iii) under mild conditions with excellent yields. It is worth noting that this electrochemical protocol features very good reaction selectivity, where only a 1 : 1 ratio of amine and phosphine was required in the reaction. Moreover, this electrochemical protocol proved to be practical and scalable. Mechanistic insights suggested that the P radical was involved in this reaction. A facile and novel electrochemical oxidative N–H/P–H cross-coupling method for obtaining tertiary phosphines(iii) was developed.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Yuan
- National Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University Nanchang 330022 P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University Lanzhou Gansu 730070 China
| | - Xue Liu
- National Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University Nanchang 330022 P. R. China
| | - Jingcheng Hu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 P. R. China
| | - Pengjie Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 P. R. China
| | - Shengchun Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 P. R. China
| | - Hesham Alhumade
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Center of Research Excellence in Renewable Energy and Power Systems, King Abdulaziz University Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia
| | - Aiwen Lei
- National Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University Nanchang 330022 P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 P. R. China
- King Abdulaziz University Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia
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30
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Wang HW, Wu JX, Li DC, Qiao YH, Yao QX, Sun WC, Dou JM. The synthesis of aryl-heteroaryl derivatives via the Rh III-catalyzed heteroarylation of arenes and heteroaromatic boronates. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 20:686-693. [PMID: 34951443 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob02201f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An efficient RhIII-catalyzed strategy for constructing aryl-heteroaryl derivatives with removable ketoxime ether auxiliaries via direct C-H heteroarylation based on arenes and heteroaromatic boronates has been disclosed. This protocol could tolerate various pyridine, pyrimidine, pyrazole, thiophene, and furan heteroaromatic boronates well, providing the desired products with high reactivities and excellent regioselectivity. The easy synthetic accessibility may offer potential for application in the synthesis of heterocyclic drug molecules containing aryl-heteroaryl motifs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huai-Wei Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China.
| | - Jia-Xue Wu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China.
| | - Da-Cheng Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China.
| | - Yu-Han Qiao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China.
| | - Qing-Xia Yao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China.
| | - Wen-Can Sun
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China.
| | - Jian-Min Dou
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China.
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31
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Lv J, Zhang XJ, Wang M, Zhao Y, Shi Z. BBr 3 -Mediated P(III)-Directed C-H Borylation of Phosphines. Chemistry 2021; 28:e202104100. [PMID: 34878200 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202104100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Transition-metal-catalyzed C-H borylation has been widely used in the preparation of organoboron compounds. Here, we developed a general protocol on metal-free P(III)-directed C-H borylation of phosphines mediated by BBr3 , resulting in the formation of products bearing both phosphorus and boron. The development of the metal-free strategy to mimic previous metallic processes has shown low cost, superior practicality, and environmental friendliness. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations demonstrate the preferred pathway for this metal-free directed C-H borylation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahang Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Xue-Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Minyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Yue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Zhuangzhi Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, P. R. China
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32
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Sheng Y, Gao Y, Duan B, Lv M, Chen Y, Yang M, Zhou J, Liang G, Song Z. Rhodium(III)‐Catalyzed Direct C7‐Selective Alkenylation and Alkylation of Indoles with Maleimides. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202101055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yaoguang Sheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou Zhejiang 325035 People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou Zhejiang 325035 People's Republic of China
| | - Bingbing Duan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou Zhejiang 325035 People's Republic of China
| | - Mengxia Lv
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou Zhejiang 325035 People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou Zhejiang 325035 People's Republic of China
| | - Mengjie Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou Zhejiang 325035 People's Republic of China
| | - Jianmin Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou Zhejiang 325035 People's Republic of China
| | - Guang Liang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou Zhejiang 325035 People's Republic of China
| | - Zengqiang Song
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou Zhejiang 325035 People's Republic of China
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33
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Shaaban S, Merten C, Waldmann H. Catalytic Atroposelective C7 Functionalisation of Indolines and Indoles. Chemistry 2021; 28:e202103365. [PMID: 34676929 PMCID: PMC9298066 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Axially chiral atropisomeric compounds are widely applied in asymmetric catalysis and medicinal chemistry. In particular, axially chiral indole‐ and indoline‐based frameworks have been recognised as important heterobiaryl classes because they are the core units of bioactive natural alkaloids, chiral ligands and bioactive compounds. Among them, the synthesis of C7‐substituted indole biaryls and the analogous indoline derivatives is particularly challenging, and methods for their efficient synthesis are in high demand. Transition‐metal catalysis is considered one of the most efficient methods to construct atropisomers. Here, we report the enantioselective synthesis of C7‐indolino‐ and C7‐indolo biaryl atropisomers by means of C−H functionalisation catalysed by chiral RhJasCp complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saad Shaaban
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, Department of Chemical Biology, Otto-Hahn-Straße 11, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Christian Merten
- Ruhr University Bochum, Department of Organic Chemistry, Universität Straße 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Herbert Waldmann
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, Department of Chemical Biology, Otto-Hahn-Straße 11, 44227, Dortmund, Germany.,Technical University Dortmund, Faculty of Chemical Biology, Otto-Hahn-Straße 4a, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
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34
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Prabagar B, Yang Y, Shi Z. Site-selective C-H functionalization to access the arene backbone of indoles and quinolines. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:11249-11269. [PMID: 34486584 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00334d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The site-selective C-H bond functionalization of heteroarenes can eventually provide chemists with great techniques for editing and building complex molecular scaffolds. During the past decade, benzo-fused N-heterocycles such as indoles and quinolines have been among the most widely investigated organic templates. Early developments have led to site-selective C-H bond functionalization on the pyrrole and pyridine cores of indoles and quinolines; however, C-H functionalization on the benzenoid ring has remained a great challenge in catalysis. In this review, we elaborate on recent developments in the highly challenging functionalization of C-H bonds on the less-reactive benzenoid core of indoles and quinolines. These findings are mainly described as selective directing group assisted strategies, remote C-H functionalization techniques and their reaction mechanisms. The underlying principle in each strategy is elucidated, which aims to facilitate the design of a more advanced structure of heterocycles based on bioactive molecules, synthetic drugs, and material aspects. Moreover, the challenges and perspectives for catalytic C-H functionalization to access the arene backbone of indoles and quinolines are also proposed in the conclusion section.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Prabagar
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
| | - Youqing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
| | - Zhuangzhi Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
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35
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Yang Z, Yu JT, Pan C. Recent advances in rhodium-catalyzed C(sp 2)-H (hetero)arylation. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:8442-8465. [PMID: 34553744 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01190a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Arylation is a common behaviour in organic synthesis for the construction of complex structures, especially the biaryls. Among those reported arylation procedures, transition-metal-catalyzed direct C(sp2)-H arylation has been rapidly developed in recent decades and has become a reliable alternative to traditional cross-coupling procedures using organometallic reagents. Great achievements in rhodium-catalyzed C(sp2)-H arylation have been witnessed during the last decade. Aryl halides, simple arenes, aryl boronic acids, arylsilanes, aryl aldehyde, aryl carboxylic acid, diazides, etc. were successfully utilized as arylating reagents under rhodium-catalyzed conditions. In this review, recent achievements in rhodium-catalyzed arylations through C(sp2)-H bond activation were summarized together with the mechanism discussions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixian Yang
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, P. R. China.
| | - Jin-Tao Yu
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, P. R. China.
| | - Changduo Pan
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou 213001, P. R. China.
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36
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Zhao B, Prabagar B, Shi Z. Modern strategies for C–H functionalization of heteroarenes with alternative coupling partners. Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2021.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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37
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Deng XZ, Chen ZY, Song Y, Xue F, Yamane M, Yue YN. Direct Access to α,β-Unsaturated Ketones via Rh/MgCl 2-Mediated Acylation of Vinylsilanes. J Org Chem 2021; 86:12693-12704. [PMID: 34491765 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We report herein the facile and practical construction of α,β-unsaturated ketones via rhodium-catalyzed direct acylation of vinylsilanes with readily available and abundant carboxylic acids. This protocol features access to a diverse array of synthetically useful functionalities with moderate to excellent yields. More importantly, the late-stage functionalization of pharmaceuticals was also realized with synthetically useful yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Zu Deng
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing211816, China
| | - Zi-Yan Chen
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing211816, China
| | - Yang Song
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing211816, China
| | - Fei Xue
- Institute of Material Physics & Chemistry, College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing210037, China
| | - Motoki Yamane
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore637371, Singapore
| | - Yan-Ni Yue
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing211816, China
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38
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39
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Kona CN, Nishii Y, Miura M. Sulfur-Directed C 7-Selective Alkenylation of Indoles under Rhodium Catalysis. Org Lett 2021; 23:6252-6256. [PMID: 34351764 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c01990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Regioselective direct functionalization of an indole benzenoid fragment has been a significant challenge because of its inherently lower reactivity. In this report, we introduce a Rh-catalyzed C7-selective alkenylation of indole derivatives using a new sulfur directing group N-SCy. A notable feature of this system is that the directing group is readily installed to the indoles and easily removed after the catalysis under mild conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandrababu Naidu Kona
- Innovative Catalysis Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (ICS-OTRI), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuji Nishii
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masahiro Miura
- Innovative Catalysis Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (ICS-OTRI), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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40
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41
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Liu X, Liu L, Huang T, Zhang J, Tang Z, Li C, Chen T. Trifluoromethylation of Benzoic Acids: An Access to Aryl Trifluoromethyl Ketones. Org Lett 2021; 23:4930-4934. [PMID: 34109800 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c01720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The trifluoromethylation of benzoic acids with TMSCF3 was achieved through nucleophilic substitution with the use of anhydrides as an in situ activating reagent. Under the reaction conditions, a wide range of carboxylic acids including the bioactive ones worked well, thus providing a facile and efficient method for preparing aryl trifluoromethyl ketones from the readily available starting materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chem, Hainan Provincial Fine Chemical Engineering Research Center, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Long Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chem, Hainan Provincial Fine Chemical Engineering Research Center, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Tianzeng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chem, Hainan Provincial Fine Chemical Engineering Research Center, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chem, Hainan Provincial Fine Chemical Engineering Research Center, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Zhi Tang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chem, Hainan Provincial Fine Chemical Engineering Research Center, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Chunya Li
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chem, Hainan Provincial Fine Chemical Engineering Research Center, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Tieqiao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chem, Hainan Provincial Fine Chemical Engineering Research Center, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
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42
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Shi X, Wang Z, Li Y, Li X, Li X, Shi D. Palladium-Catalyzed Remote C-H Phosphonylation of Indoles at the C4 and C6 Positions by a Radical Approach. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:13871-13876. [PMID: 33851763 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202103395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Palladium-catalyzed direct C-H activation of indole benzenoid moiety has been achieved in the past decade. However, palladium-catalyzed remote C-H activation of indoles is rare. Herein, we report a challenging palladium-catalyzed remote C4-H phosphonylation of indoles by a radical approach. The method provides access to a series of C4-phosphonylated indoles, including tryptophan and tryptophan-containing dipeptides, which are typically inaccessible by direct C4-H activation due to its heavy reliance on C3 directing groups. Notably, unexpected C6-phosphonylated indoles were obtained through blocking of the C4 position. The preliminary mechanistic studies indicated that the reactions may proceed via a C7-palladacycle/remote-activation process. Based on the strategy, examples of remote C4-H difluoromethylation with BrCF2 COOEt are also presented, suggesting that the strategy may offer a general blueprint for other cross-couplings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Shi
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China
| | - Zemin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, and Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao, 266237, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Yuxiu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, and Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao, 266237, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Xiaowei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, and Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao, 266237, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Xiangqian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, and Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao, 266237, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Dayong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, and Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao, 266237, Shandong, P. R. China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 168 Weihai Road, Qingdao, 266237, Shandong, P. R. China
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43
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Shi X, Wang Z, Li Y, Li X, Li X, Shi D. Palladium‐Catalyzed Remote C−H Phosphonylation of Indoles at the C4 and C6 Positions by a Radical Approach. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202103395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Shi
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266071 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 101408 China
| | - Zemin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, and Marine Biotechnology Research Center Shandong University 72 Binhai Road Qingdao 266237 Shandong P. R. China
| | - Yuxiu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, and Marine Biotechnology Research Center Shandong University 72 Binhai Road Qingdao 266237 Shandong P. R. China
| | - Xiaowei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, and Marine Biotechnology Research Center Shandong University 72 Binhai Road Qingdao 266237 Shandong P. R. China
| | - Xiangqian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, and Marine Biotechnology Research Center Shandong University 72 Binhai Road Qingdao 266237 Shandong P. R. China
| | - Dayong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, and Marine Biotechnology Research Center Shandong University 72 Binhai Road Qingdao 266237 Shandong P. R. China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology 168 Weihai Road Qingdao 266237 Shandong P. R. China
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44
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Choi I, Müller V, Ackermann L. Ruthenium(II)-carboxylate-catalyzed C4/C6–H dual alkylations of indoles. Tetrahedron Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2021.153064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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45
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46
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Li X, Liu L, Huang T, Tang Z, Li C, Li W, Zhang T, Li Z, Chen T. Palladium-Catalyzed Decarbonylative Sonogashira Coupling of Terminal Alkynes with Carboxylic Acids. Org Lett 2021; 23:3304-3309. [PMID: 33878267 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A direct decarbonylative Sonogashira coupling of terminal alkynes with carboxylic acids was achieved through palladium catalysis. This reaction did not use overstoichiometric oxidants, thus overcoming the homocoupling issue of terminal alkynes. Under the reaction conditions, a wide range of carboxylic acids including those bioactive ones could couple readily with various terminal alkynes, thus providing a relative general method for preparing internal alkynes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Li
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chem, Hainan Provincial Fine Chemical Engineering Research Center, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Long Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chem, Hainan Provincial Fine Chemical Engineering Research Center, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Tianzeng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chem, Hainan Provincial Fine Chemical Engineering Research Center, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Zhi Tang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chem, Hainan Provincial Fine Chemical Engineering Research Center, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Chunya Li
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chem, Hainan Provincial Fine Chemical Engineering Research Center, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Wenhui Li
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chem, Hainan Provincial Fine Chemical Engineering Research Center, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chem, Hainan Provincial Fine Chemical Engineering Research Center, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Zhaohui Li
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chem, Hainan Provincial Fine Chemical Engineering Research Center, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Tieqiao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chem, Hainan Provincial Fine Chemical Engineering Research Center, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
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47
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Raziullah, Kumar M, Khan AA, Dutta HS, Ahmad A, Vaishnav J, Kant R, Ampapathi RS, Koley D. Ru(II)‐Catalyzed Regioselective Hydroarylative Coupling of Indolines with Internal Alkynes by C−H Activation. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Raziullah
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Lucknow 226031 India
| | - Mohit Kumar
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002 India
| | - Afsar Ali Khan
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002 India
| | | | - Ashfaq Ahmad
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Lucknow 226031 India
| | | | - Ruchir Kant
- Molecular and Structural Biology Division CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Lucknow 226031 India
| | - Ravi Sankar Ampapathi
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002 India
- SAIF CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Lucknow 226031 India
| | - Dipankar Koley
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Lucknow 226031 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002 India
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48
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Kong L, Han X, Chen H, Sun H, Lan Y, Li X. Rhodium(II)-Catalyzed Regioselective Remote C–H Alkylation of Protic Indoles. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c01052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lingheng Kong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University (SNNU), Xi’an 710062, China
| | - Xi Han
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University (SNNU), Xi’an 710062, China
| | - Haohua Chen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Huaming Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University (SNNU), Xi’an 710062, China
| | - Yu Lan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xingwei Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University (SNNU), Xi’an 710062, China
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49
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Wen J, Shi Z. From C4 to C7: Innovative Strategies for Site-Selective Functionalization of Indole C-H Bonds. Acc Chem Res 2021; 54:1723-1736. [PMID: 33709705 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.0c00888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The widespread presence of hydrocarbons makes C-H functionalization an attractive alternative to traditional cross-coupling methods. As indole is an important heteroarene in a plethora of natural products and pharmaceuticals, C-H functionalization of indole moieties has emerged as one of the most important topics in this field. Due to the presence of multiple C-H bonds in indoles, site selectivity is a long-standing challenge. Much effort has been devoted to the C-H functionalization of indoles at the C3 or C2 position, while accessing the benzene core (from C4 to C7) is considerably more challenging.This Account summarizes our recent efforts toward site-selective C-H functionalization of indoles at the benzene core based on innovative strategies. A common method to solve the issue involves the development of directing groups (DGs). Our early studies establish that the installation of the N-P(O)tBu2 group at the N position can produce C7 and C6 arylation products using palladium and copper catalysts, respectively. The developed system can also be extended to direct arylation of indoles at the C5 and C4 positions by installing a pivaloyl group at the C3 position. Further investigation of indoles bearing N-PtBu2 groups shows a more diverse reactivity for C-H functionalizations at the C7 position, including arylation, olefination, acylation, alkylation, silylation, and carbonylation with different coupling partners. Compared to the P(V) DG, the P(III) group can be easily attached to the indole substrates and detached from the products. However, these attractive reactions rely mostly on precious metal catalysts with ligands; this requirement can be a significant limitation, particularly for large-scale syntheses and the necessity of removal of toxic trace metals in pharmaceutical products. We have also uncovered a general strategy for chelation-assisted aromatic C-H borylation just using simple BBr3 under mild conditions, in which the installation of pivaloyl groups at the N1 or C3 position of indoles can selectively deliver the boron species to the unfavorable C7 or C4 positions and allow subsequent C-H borylation without any metal. This transition-metal-free strategy can be extended to synthesize C7 and C4 hydroxylated indoles by boron-mediated directed C-H hydroxylation under mild reaction conditions and with broad functional group compatibility.In this Account, we describe our contributions to this topic since 2015. These studies provide efficient and attractive methods for the divergent synthesis of valuable substituted indoles and insights into the exploration of new strategies for the site-selective C-H functionalization and directives for other important heteroarenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Zhuangzhi Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
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50
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Michikita R, Usuki Y, Satoh T. Synthesis of 7‐Phenylindole Derivatives through Rhodium‐Catalyzed Dehydrogenative Coupling of 2‐(Acetylamino)‐1,1’‐biphenyls with Alkynes. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202100071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryudai Michikita
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Osaka City University 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku Osaka 558-8585 Japan
| | - Yoshinosuke Usuki
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Osaka City University 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku Osaka 558-8585 Japan
| | - Tetsuya Satoh
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Osaka City University 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku Osaka 558-8585 Japan
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