1
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Ostermann N, Rotthowe N, Stückl AC, Siewert I. (Electro)chemical N 2 Splitting by a Molybdenum Complex with an Anionic PNP Pincer-Type Ligand. ACS ORGANIC & INORGANIC AU 2024; 4:329-337. [PMID: 38855335 PMCID: PMC11157508 DOI: 10.1021/acsorginorgau.3c00056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Molybdenum(III) complexes bearing pincer-type ligands are well-known catalysts for N2-to-NH3 reduction. We investigated herein the impact of an anionic PNP pincer-type ligand in a Mo(III) complex on the (electro)chemical N2 splitting ([LMoCl3]-, 1 -, LH = 2,6-bis((di-tert-butylphosphaneyl)methyl)-pyridin-4-one). The increased electron-donating properties of the anionic ligand should lead to a stronger degree of N2 activation. The catalyst is indeed active in N2-to-NH3 conversion utilizing the proton-coupled electron transfer reagent SmI2/ethylene glycol. The corresponding Mo(V) nitrido complex 2H exhibits similar catalytic activity as 1H and thus could represent a viable intermediate. The Mo(IV) nitrido complex 3 - is also accessible by electrochemical reduction of 1 - under a N2 atmosphere. IR- and UV/vis-SEC measurements suggest that N2 splitting occurs via formation of an "overreduced" but more stable [(L(N2)2Mo0)2μ-N2]2- dimer. In line with this, the yield in the nitrido complex increases with lower applied potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Ostermann
- Georg-August-Universität
Göttingen, Institut für
Anorganische Chemie, Tammannstr.
4, Göttingen 37077, Germany
| | - Nils Rotthowe
- Georg-August-Universität
Göttingen, Institut für
Anorganische Chemie, Tammannstr.
4, Göttingen 37077, Germany
| | - A. Claudia Stückl
- Georg-August-Universität
Göttingen, Institut für
Anorganische Chemie, Tammannstr.
4, Göttingen 37077, Germany
| | - Inke Siewert
- Georg-August-Universität
Göttingen, Institut für
Anorganische Chemie, Tammannstr.
4, Göttingen 37077, Germany
- Georg-August-Universität
Göttingen, International Center
for Advanced Studies of Energy Conversion, Tammannstr. 6, Göttingen 37077, Germany
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2
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Benaissa I, Rialland B, Bennaamane S, Espada MF, Saffon-Merceron N, Fustier-Boutignon M, Clot E, Mézailles N. N 2 Functionalization via Molybdenum-Nitride Complex: Stepwise BH Bond Additions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024:e202402586. [PMID: 38683630 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202402586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Reactivity of (triphosphine)MoIV-nitrido complex generated by N2 splitting, toward boranes is reported. The simple adduct Mo≡N→BH3 is observed with BH3.SMe2 while 1,2 addition is evidenced with 9-BBN leading to H-Mo=NBR2. A second addition of BH3.SMe2 is facile and forms an unprecedented complex featuring two bridging H between two B and the Mo centers. Addition of PMe3 or BH3.SMe2 promotes reductive elimination and N-H bond formation. The full sequence of functionalization at Mo≡N obtained after N2 splitting is therefore evidenced in this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Idir Benaissa
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie, Fondamentale et Appliquée, Université Paul Sabatier, CNRS, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse, France
- Present address: Institute of Science, Technology and Innovation-UM6P, Hay Moulay Rachid, BP43150, Benguerir, Morocco
| | - Barbara Rialland
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie, Fondamentale et Appliquée, Université Paul Sabatier, CNRS, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse, France
- Present address: Institute of Science, Technology and Innovation-UM6P, Hay Moulay Rachid, BP43150, Benguerir, Morocco
| | - Soukaina Bennaamane
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie, Fondamentale et Appliquée, Université Paul Sabatier, CNRS, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse, France
- Present address: Institute of Science, Technology and Innovation-UM6P, Hay Moulay Rachid, BP43150, Benguerir, Morocco
| | - Maria F Espada
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie, Fondamentale et Appliquée, Université Paul Sabatier, CNRS, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse, France
- Present address: Institute of Science, Technology and Innovation-UM6P, Hay Moulay Rachid, BP43150, Benguerir, Morocco
| | - Nathalie Saffon-Merceron
- Institut de Chimie de Toulouse ICT-UAR2599, Université Paul Sabatier, CNRS, 31062, Toulouse Cedex, France
| | - Marie Fustier-Boutignon
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie, Fondamentale et Appliquée, Université Paul Sabatier, CNRS, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse, France
- Present address: Institute of Science, Technology and Innovation-UM6P, Hay Moulay Rachid, BP43150, Benguerir, Morocco
| | - Eric Clot
- ICGM, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34000, Montpellier, France
| | - Nicolas Mézailles
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie, Fondamentale et Appliquée, Université Paul Sabatier, CNRS, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse, France
- Present address: Institute of Science, Technology and Innovation-UM6P, Hay Moulay Rachid, BP43150, Benguerir, Morocco
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3
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Beasley CH, Duletski OL, Stankevich KS, Arulsamy N, Mock MT. Catalytic dinitrogen reduction to hydrazine and ammonia using Cr(N 2) 2(diphosphine) 2 complexes. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:6496-6500. [PMID: 38563332 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00702f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The synthesis, characterization of trans-[Cr(N2)2(depe)2] (1) is described. 1 and trans-[Cr(N2)2(dmpe)2] (2) catalyze the reduction of N2 to N2H4 and NH3 in THF using SmI2 and H2O or ethylene glycol as proton sources. 2 produces the highest total fixed N for a molecular Cr catalyst to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles H Beasley
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA.
| | - Olivia L Duletski
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA.
| | - Ksenia S Stankevich
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA.
| | | | - Michael T Mock
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA.
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4
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Wang GX, Shan C, Chen W, Wu B, Zhang P, Wei J, Xi Z, Ye S. Unusual Electronic Structures of an Electron Transfer Series of [Cr(μ-η 1 : η 1 -N 2 )Cr] 0/1+/2. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202315386. [PMID: 38299757 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202315386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
In dinitrogen (N2 ) fixation chemistry, bimetallic end-on bridging N2 complexes M(μ-η1 : η1 -N2 )M can split N2 into terminal nitrides and hence attract great attention. To date, only 4d and 5d transition complexes, but none of 3d counterparts, could realize such a transformation. Likewise, complexes {[Cp*Cr(dmpe)]2 (μ-N2 )}0/1+/2+ (1-3) are incapable to cleave N2 , in contrast to their Mo congeners. Remarkably, cross this series the N-N bond length of the N2 ligand and the N-N stretching frequency exhibit unprecedented nonmonotonic variations, and complexes 1 and 2 in both solid and solution states display rare thermally activated ligand-mediated two-center spin transitions, distinct from discrete dinuclear spin crossovers. In-depth analyses using wave function based ab initio calculations reveal that the Cr-N2 -Cr bonding in complexes 1-3 is distinguished by strong multireference character and cannot be described by solely one electron configuration or Lewis structure, and that all intriguing spectroscopic observations originate in their sophisticate multireference electronic structures. More critical is that such multireference bonding of complexes 1-3 is at least a key factor that contributes to their kinetic inertness toward N2 splitting. The mechanistic understanding is then used to rationalize the disparate reactivity of related 3d M(μ-η1 : η1 -N2 )M complexes compared to their 4d and 5d analogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gao-Xiang Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Chunxiao Shan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Wang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Botao Wu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Junnian Wei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Zhenfeng Xi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Shengfa Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
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5
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Eberle L, Lindenthal S, Ballmann J. To Split or Not to Split: [AsCCAs]-Coordinated Mo, W, and Re Complexes and Their Reactivity toward Molecular Dinitrogen. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:3682-3691. [PMID: 38359784 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Molybdenum, tungsten, and rhenium halides bearing a 2,2'-(iPr2As)2-substituted diphenylacetylene ([AsCCAs], 1-As) were prepared and reduced under an atmosphere of dinitrogen in order to activate the latter substrate. In the case of molybdenum, a diiodo (2-As) and a triiodo molybdenum precursor (5) were equally suited for reductive N2 splitting, which led to the isolation of [AsCCAs]Mo≡N(I) (3-As) in each case. For tungsten, [AsCCAs]WCl3 (6) was reduced under N2 to afford {[AsCCAs]WCl2}2(N2) (7), which is best described as a dinuclear π8δ4-configured μ-(η1: η1)-N2-bridged dimer. Attempts to reductively cleave the N2 unit in 7 did not lead to the expected tungsten nitride (8), which had to be prepared independently via the treatment of 7 with sodium azide. To arrive at a π10δ4-configured N2-bridged dimer in a tetragonally distorted ligand environment, [AsCCAs]ReCl3 (9) was reduced in the presence of N2. As expected, a μ-(η1: η1)-N2-bridged dirhenium species, namely, {[AsCCAs]ReCl2}2(N2) (10), was formed, but found to very quickly decompose (presumably via loss of N2), not only under reduced pressure, but also upon irradiation or heating. Hence, an alternative synthetic route to the originally envisioned nitride, [AsCCAs]Re≡N(Cl)2 (11), was developed. While all the aforementioned nitrides (3-As, 8, and 11) were found to be fairly robust, significantly different stabilities were noticed for {[AsCCAs]MCl2}2(N2) (7 for M = W, 10 for M = Re), which is ascribed to the electronically different MN2M cores (π8δ4 for 7 vs π10δ4 for 10) in these μ-(η1: η1)-N2-bridged dimers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Eberle
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 276, Heidelberg D-69120, Germany
| | - Sebastian Lindenthal
- Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, Heidelberg D-69120, Germany
| | - Joachim Ballmann
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 276, Heidelberg D-69120, Germany
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6
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Kumar Ray A, Paul A. Inept N 2 Activation of Tri-Nuclear Nickel Complex with Labile Sulfur Ligands Facilitates Selective N 2 H 4 Formation in Electrocatalytic Conversion of N 2. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301435. [PMID: 37267469 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Conversion of N2 to the energy vector N2 H4 under benign conditions is highly desirable. However, such N2 fixation processes are extremely rare. It has been recently reported that N2 to N2 H4 conversion can be achieved electrochemically by using a trinuclear [Ni3 (S2 C3 H6 )4 ]2- complex (named as [Ni3 S8 ]2- ). There are hardly any precedents of Nitrogen Reduction Reaction (NRR) by molecular catalysts having Ni and the highly unusual selectivity for N2 H4 over NH3 makes this electrochemical reduction unique. A systematic theoretical study employing calibrated Density Functional Theory to unearth the mechanisms of NRR (4e- /4H+ ) and Hydrogen Evolution Reaction (2e- /2H+ ) was conducted for the aforementioned trinuclear Ni complex. Our findings unravel a curious case of ligand lability working in tandem with metal centers in facilitating this unprecedented electrocatalytic activity. Furthermore, it is shown that the poor N-N bond activation property of Ni is responsible for this unusual selectivity. Additionally, the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction (HER) mechanistic pathways have also been delineated in this report. The mechanistic intricacies thus unearthed in this study may assist in developing more efficient electrocatalysts for N2 H4 production through NRR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuj Kumar Ray
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A&2B, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Ankan Paul
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A&2B, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, India
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7
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Hasanayn F, Holland PL, Goldman AS, Miller AJM. Lewis Structures and the Bonding Classification of End-on Bridging Dinitrogen Transition Metal Complexes. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:4326-4342. [PMID: 36796367 PMCID: PMC9983020 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c12243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
The activation of dinitrogen by coordination to transition metal ions is a widely used and promising approach to the utilization of Earth's most abundant nitrogen source for chemical synthesis. End-on bridging N2 complexes (μ-η1:η1-N2) are key species in nitrogen fixation chemistry, but a lack of consensus on the seemingly simple task of assigning a Lewis structure for such complexes has prevented application of valence electron counting and other tools for understanding and predicting reactivity trends. The Lewis structures of bridging N2 complexes have traditionally been determined by comparing the experimentally observed NN distance to the bond lengths of free N2, diazene, and hydrazine. We introduce an alternative approach here and argue that the Lewis structure should be assigned based on the total π-bond order in the MNNM core (number of π-bonds), which derives from the character (bonding or antibonding) and occupancy of the delocalized π-symmetry molecular orbitals (π-MOs) in MNNM. To illustrate this approach, the complexes cis,cis-[(iPr4PONOP)MCl2]2(μ-N2) (M = W, Re, and Os) are examined in detail. Each complex is shown to have a different number of nitrogen-nitrogen and metal-nitrogen π-bonds, indicated as, respectively: W≡N-N≡W, Re═N═N═Re, and Os-N≡N-Os. It follows that each of these Lewis structures represents a distinct class of complexes (diazanyl, diazenyl, and dinitrogen, respectively), in which the μ-N2 ligand has a different electron donor number (total of 8e-, 6e-, or 4e-, respectively). We show how this classification can greatly aid in understanding and predicting the properties and reactivity patterns of μ-N2 complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faraj Hasanayn
- Department
of Chemistry, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon,E-mail: (F.H.)
| | - Patrick L. Holland
- Department
of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Alan S. Goldman
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers,
The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Alexander J. M. Miller
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina
at Chapel Hill, Chapel
Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States,E-mail: (A.J.M.M.)
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8
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Merakeb L, Bennaamane S, De Freitas J, Clot E, Mézailles N, Robert M. Molecular Electrochemical Reductive Splitting of Dinitrogen with a Molybdenum Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202209899. [PMID: 35941077 PMCID: PMC9804441 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202209899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen reduction under mild conditions (room T and atmospheric P), using a non-fossil source of hydrogen remains a challenge. Molecular metal complexes, notably Mo based, have recently been shown to be active for such nitrogen fixation. We report electrochemical N2 splitting with a MoIII triphosphino complex [(PPP)MoI3 ], at room temperature and a moderately negative potential. A MoIV nitride species was generated, which is confirmed by electrochemistry and NMR studies. The reaction goes through two successive one electron reductions of the starting Mo species, coordination of a N2 molecule, and further splitting to a MoIV nitride complex. Preliminary DFT studies support the formation of a bridging MoI N2 MoI dinitrogen dimer evolving to the Mo nitride via a low energy transition state. This example joins a short list of molecular complexes for N2 electrochemical reductive cleavage. It opens a door to electrochemical proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) conversion studies of N2 to NH3 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia Merakeb
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire—UMR 7591Université Paris Cité15, rue Jean Antoine de Baïf75013ParisFrance
| | - Soukaina Bennaamane
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée—UMR 5069Université Toulouse III—Paul Sabatier118, route de Narbonne, Bât 2R131062ToulouseFrance
| | - Jérémy De Freitas
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire—UMR 7591Université Paris Cité15, rue Jean Antoine de Baïf75013ParisFrance
| | - Eric Clot
- ICGMUniv MontpellierCNRSENSCM34000MontpellierFrance
| | - Nicolas Mézailles
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée—UMR 5069Université Toulouse III—Paul Sabatier118, route de Narbonne, Bât 2R131062ToulouseFrance
| | - Marc Robert
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire—UMR 7591Université Paris Cité15, rue Jean Antoine de Baïf75013ParisFrance,Institut Universitaire de France (IUF)75005ParisFrance
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9
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Merakeb L, Bennaamane S, De Freitas J, Clot E, Mézailles N, Robert M. Molecular Electrochemical Reductive Splitting of Dinitrogen with a Molybdenum Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202209899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Eric Clot
- Université Montpellier 1: Universite de Montpellier Chemistry FRANCE
| | | | - Marc Robert
- Universite Paris Cité - Laboraoire Electrochimie Moleculaire - UMR CNRS 7591 Chemistry Department 15 rue Jean de Baif 75013 Paris FRANCE
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10
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Zhai DD, Zhang SQ, Xie SJ, Wu RK, Liu F, Xi ZF, Hong X, Shi ZJ. ( n-Bu) 4NBr-Promoted N 2 Splitting to Molybdenum Nitride. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:14071-14078. [PMID: 35882019 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c01507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Splitting of N2 via six-electron reduction and further functionalization to value-added products is one of the most important and challenging chemical transformations in N2 fixation. However, most N2 splitting approaches rely on strong chemical or electrochemical reduction to generate highly reactive metal species to bind and activate N2, which is often incompatible with functionalizing agents. Catalytic and sustainable N2 splitting to produce metal nitrides under mild conditions may create efficient and straightforward methods for N-containing organic compounds. Herein, we present that a readily available and nonredox (n-Bu)4NBr can promote N2-splitting with a Mo(III) platform. Both experimental and theoretical mechanistic studies suggest that simple X- (X = Br, Cl, etc.) anions could induce the disproportionation of MoIII[N(TMS)Ar]3 at the early stage of the catalysis to generate a catalytically active {MoII[N(TMS)Ar]3}- species. The quintet MoII species prove to be more favorable for N2 fixation kinetically and thermodynamically, compared with the quartet MoIII counterpart. Especially, computational studies reveal a distinct heterovalent {MoII-N2-MoIII} dimeric intermediate for the N≡N triple bond cleavage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Dan Zhai
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Shuo-Qing Zhang
- Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies, Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Si-Jun Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Rong-Kai Wu
- Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies, Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Zhen-Feng Xi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xin Hong
- Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies, Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.,Key Laboratory of Precise Synthesis of Functional Molecules of Zhejiang Province, School of Science, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, China.,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Zhongguancun North First Street No. 2, Beijing 100190, PR China
| | - Zhang-Jie Shi
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
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11
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Tran DB, To TH, Tran PD. Mo- and W-molecular catalysts for the H2 evolution, CO2 reduction and N2 fixation. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.214400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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12
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Ghosh B, Banerjee A, Roy L, Manna RN, Nath R, Paul A. The Role of Copper Salts and O
2
in the Mechanism of C≡N Bond Activation for Facilitating Nitrogen Transfer Reactions**. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202116868. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202116868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Boyli Ghosh
- School of Chemical Sciences Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science 2A & 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road Jadavpur Kolkata 700032 India
| | - Ambar Banerjee
- Department of Physics Stockholm University Frescativägen 11419 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Lisa Roy
- Institute of Chemical Technology Mumbai – IOC Odisha Campus Bhubaneswar IIT Kharagpur Extension Centre Bhubaneswar 751013 India
| | - Rabindra Nath Manna
- School of Chemical Sciences Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science 2A & 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road Jadavpur Kolkata 700032 India
| | - Rounak Nath
- School of Chemical Sciences Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science 2A & 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road Jadavpur Kolkata 700032 India
| | - Ankan Paul
- School of Chemical Sciences Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science 2A & 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road Jadavpur Kolkata 700032 India
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13
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Zhang G, Liu T, Song J, Quan Y, Jin L, Si M, Liao Q. N 2 Cleavage on d 4/d 4 Molybdenum Centers and Its Further Conversion into Iminophosphorane under Mild Conditions. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:2444-2449. [PMID: 35014788 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c11134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of N-containing organophosphine compounds using N2 as the nitrogen source under mild conditions has attracted much attention. Herein, the conversion of N2 into iminophosphorane was reported. By visible light irradiation, N2 was split on a MoII complex bearing a PNCNP ligand, directly forming the MoV nitride. After the N-P bond formation on the terminal nitride, the N atom from N2 was ultimately transferred into iminophosphorane. Key intermediates were characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqiang Zhang
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, 116024 Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Tanggao Liu
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, 116024 Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Jinyi Song
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, 116024 Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Yingyu Quan
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, 116024 Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Li Jin
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, 116024 Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Mengyue Si
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, 116024 Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Qian Liao
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, 116024 Dalian, Liaoning, China
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14
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Park SV, Corcos AR, Jambor AN, Yang T, Berry JF. Formation of the N≡N Triple Bond from Reductive Coupling of a Paramagnetic Diruthenium Nitrido Compound. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:3259-3268. [PMID: 35133829 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c13396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Construction of nitrogen-nitrogen triple bonds via homocoupling of metal nitrides is an important fundamental reaction relevant to a potential Nitrogen Economy. Here, we report that room temperature photolysis of Ru2(chp)4N3 (chp- = 2-chloro-6-hydroxypyridinate) in CH2Cl2 produces N2 via reductive coupling of Ru2(chp)4N nitrido species. Computational analysis reveals that the nitride coupling transition state (TS) features an out-of-plane "zigzag" geometry instead of the anticipated planar zigzag TS. However, with intentional exclusion of dispersion correction, the planar zigzag TS geometry can also be found. Both the out-of-plane and planar zigzag TS geometries feature two important types of orbital interactions: (1) donor-acceptor interactions involving intermolecular donation of a nitride lone pair into an empty Ru-N π* orbital and (2) Ru-N π to Ru-N π* interactions derived from coupling of nitridyl radicals. The relative importance of these two interactions is quantified both at and after the TS. Our analysis shows that both interactions are important for the formation of the N-N σ bond, while radical coupling interactions dominate the formation of N-N π bonds. Comparison is made to isoelectronic Ru2-oxo compounds. Formation of an O-O bond via bimolecular oxo coupling is not observed experimentally and is calculated to have a much higher TS energy. The major difference between the nitrido and oxo systems stems from an extremely large driving force, ∼-500 kJ/mol, for N-N coupling vs a more modest driving force for O-O coupling, -40 to -140 kJ/mol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungho V Park
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Amanda R Corcos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Alexander N Jambor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Tzuhsiung Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - John F Berry
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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15
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Ghosh B, Banerjee A, Roy L, Manna RN, Nath R, Paul A. The Role of Copper Salts and O
2
in the Mechanism of C≡N Bond Activation for Facilitating Nitrogen Transfer Reactions**. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202116868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Boyli Ghosh
- School of Chemical Sciences Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science 2A & 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road Jadavpur Kolkata 700032 India
| | - Ambar Banerjee
- Department of Physics Stockholm University Frescativägen 11419 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Lisa Roy
- Institute of Chemical Technology Mumbai – IOC Odisha Campus Bhubaneswar IIT Kharagpur Extension Centre Bhubaneswar 751013 India
| | - Rabindra Nath Manna
- School of Chemical Sciences Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science 2A & 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road Jadavpur Kolkata 700032 India
| | - Rounak Nath
- School of Chemical Sciences Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science 2A & 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road Jadavpur Kolkata 700032 India
| | - Ankan Paul
- School of Chemical Sciences Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science 2A & 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road Jadavpur Kolkata 700032 India
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16
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Itabashi T, Arashiba K, Kuriyama S, Nishibayashi Y. Reactivity of molybdenum-nitride complex bearing pyridine-based PNP-type pincer ligand toward carbon-centered electrophiles. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:1946-1954. [PMID: 35023535 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt03952k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A molybdenum-nitride complex bearing a pyridine-based PNP-type pincer ligand derived from dinitrogen is reacted with various kinds of carbon-centered electrophiles to functionalize the nitride ligand in the molybdenum complex. Methylation with MeOTf and acylation with diphenylacetyl chloride of the nitride complex afford the corresponding imide complexes via a carbon-nitrogen bond formation. In the case of reactions with phenylisocyanate and diphenylketene, the PNP ligand works as a non-innocent ligand to form the corresponding ureate and acylimide complexes, respectively. These newly synthesized complexes are characterized by X-ray analysis. As a further transformation of the prepared imide complexes, hydrolysis of the molybdenum-acylimide complex proceeds to give the corresponding amide as an organonitrogen compound together with the corresponding molybdenum-oxo complex. This result indicates that the nitrogen molecule is converted into organic amide mediated by the molybdenum-nitride complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Itabashi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
| | - Kazuya Arashiba
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
| | - Shogo Kuriyama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
| | - Yoshiaki Nishibayashi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
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17
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Bruch QJ, Malakar S, Goldman AS, Miller AJM. Mechanisms of Electrochemical N 2 Splitting by a Molybdenum Pincer Complex. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:2307-2318. [PMID: 35043634 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c03698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Molybdenum complexes supported by tridentate pincer ligands are exceptional catalysts for dinitrogen fixation using chemical reductants, but little is known about their prospects for electrochemical reduction of dinitrogen. The viability of electrochemical N2 binding and splitting by a molybdenum(III) pincer complex, (pyPNP)MoBr3 (pyPNP = 2,6-bis(tBu2PCH2)-C5H3N)), is established in this work, providing a foundation for a detailed mechanistic study of electrode-driven formation of the nitride complex (pyPNP)Mo(N)Br. Electrochemical kinetic analysis, optical and vibrational spectroelectrochemical monitoring, and computational studies point to two concurrent reaction pathways: In the reaction-diffusion layer near the electrode surface, the molybdenum(III) precursor is reduced by 2e- and generates a bimetallic molybdenum(I) Mo2(μ-N2) species capable of N-N bond scission; and in the bulk solution away from the electrode surface, over-reduced molybdenum(0) species undergo chemical redox reactions via comproportionation to generate the same bimetallic molybdenum(I) species capable of N2 cleavage. The comproportionation reactions reveal the surprising intermediacy of dimolybdenum(0) complex trans,trans-[(pyPNP)Mo(N2)2](μ-N2) in N2 splitting pathways. The same "over-reduced" molybdenum(0) species was also found to cleave N2 upon addition of lutidinium, an acid frequently used in catalytic reduction of dinitrogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quinton J Bruch
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Santanu Malakar
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Alan S Goldman
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Alexander J M Miller
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
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18
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Junge J, Froitzheim S, Engesser T, Krahmer J, Nather C, Le Poul N, Tuczek F. Tungsten and Molybdenum Dinitrogen Complexes Supported by a Pentadentate Tetrapodal Phosphine Ligand: Comparative Spectroscopic, Electrochemical and Reactivity Studies. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:6166-6176. [DOI: 10.1039/d1dt04212b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The tungsten dinitrogen complex [W(N2)(PMe2PPPh2)] (2) (PMe2PPPh2 = [2-({bis[3-(diphenylphosphino)propyl]-phosphino}methyl)-2-methylpropane-1,3-diyl]bis(dimethylphosphine)]) is synthesized and characterized by X-ray diffraction as well as IR and NMR spectroscopies, showing strong analogies to its molybdenum analogue...
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19
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Yu H, Zhang Q, Xu J, Wang X, Luo L. Assessment of density functional theory in studying on the transition states of a Diiron-mediated N N bond cleavage reaction. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2021.113418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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20
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Pfeil M, Engesser TA, Krahmer J, Näther C, Tuczek F. Bonding and Activation of N
2
in Molybdenum(0) Complexes Supported by Tripod Ligands with Phospholane End Groups. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202100166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mareike Pfeil
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel Max-Eyth-Straße 2 D-24118 Kiel
| | - Tobias A. Engesser
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel Max-Eyth-Straße 2 D-24118 Kiel
| | - Jan Krahmer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel Max-Eyth-Straße 2 D-24118 Kiel
| | - Christian Näther
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel Max-Eyth-Straße 2 D-24118 Kiel
| | - Felix Tuczek
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel Max-Eyth-Straße 2 D-24118 Kiel
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21
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Bae DY, Lee G, Lee E. Fixation of Dinitrogen at an Asymmetric Binuclear Titanium Complex. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:12813-12822. [PMID: 34492761 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c01050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A new type of dititanium dinitrogen complex supported by a triphenolamine (TPA) ligand is reported. Analysis by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and Raman and NMR spectroscopy reveals different coordination geometries for the two titanium centers. Hence, coordination of TPA and a nitrogen ligand results in trigonal-bipyramidal geometry, while an octahedral titanium center is obtained upon additional coordination of an ethoxide generated upon C-O bond cleavage in a diethyl ether solvent molecule. The titanium complex successfully generates ammonia in the presence of an excess amount of PCy3HI and KC8 in 154% yield (per titanium atom). A titanium complex with a bulkier TPA does not form a dinitrogen complex, and mononuclear titanium dinitrogen complexes were not accessible, presumably because of the high tendency of early transition metals to form binuclear dinitrogen complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae Young Bae
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Gunhee Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunsung Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
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22
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Xu J, Yang P, Deng L, Shu N, Shang Y, Zhou W, Bao J, Fang M, Wu Y. Theoretical Investigation into Thermodynamics and Electronic Structure of an Ammonia-productive Molybdenum-centered Catalyst. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:11878-11882. [PMID: 34347464 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c00975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The N-N bond structure of the key intermediate in the reported catalytic ammonia production (Nature 2019, 568, 536-540) should be described as containing a N-N double bond, instead of containing a N-N triple bond. Two 3c-delocalized bonds are found in this fragment. The analysis of the oxidation states reveal that the N reduction is achieved mainly during the step of N-N bond cleavage; SmI2-ROH reduction steps reduce Mo atoms and add protons to N atoms without changing their oxidation states. The catalytic cycle is thermodynamically investigated using the DFT method, revealing that the rate-determining step is the reductive formation of the first N-H bond and the nitrogen reduction occurs mainly in the N-N cleavage step. In addition, linear relationships between vibrational stretching frequencies, effective nuclear charges (Z*), and bond dissociation energy (E0) of a Mo-N bond are also developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Xu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Pu Yang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Like Deng
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Na Shu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yunlong Shang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wanjie Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jianchun Bao
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Min Fang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Numerical Simulation of Large Scale Complex System, Nanjing 210023, China.,State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yong Wu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
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23
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Schluschaß B, Borter JH, Rupp S, Demeshko S, Herwig C, Limberg C, Maciulis NA, Schneider J, Würtele C, Krewald V, Schwarzer D, Schneider S. Cyanate Formation via Photolytic Splitting of Dinitrogen. JACS AU 2021; 1:879-894. [PMID: 34240082 PMCID: PMC8243327 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.1c00117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Light-driven N2 cleavage into molecular nitrides is an attractive strategy for synthetic nitrogen fixation. However, suitable platforms are rare. Furthermore, the development of catalytic protocols via this elementary step suffers from poor understanding of N-N photosplitting within dinitrogen complexes, as well as of the thermochemical and kinetic framework for coupled follow-up chemistry. We here present a tungsten pincer platform, which undergoes fully reversible, thermal N2 splitting and reverse nitride coupling, allowing for experimental derivation of thermodynamic and kinetic parameters of the N-N cleavage step. Selective N-N splitting was also obtained photolytically. DFT computations allocate the productive excitations within the {WNNW} core. Transient absorption spectroscopy shows ultrafast repopulation of the electronic ground state. Comparison with ground-state kinetics and resonance Raman data support a pathway for N-N photosplitting via a nonstatistically vibrationally excited ground state that benefits from vibronically coupled structural distortion of the core. Nitride carbonylation and release are demonstrated within a full synthetic cycle for trimethylsilylcyanate formation directly from N2 and CO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastian Schluschaß
- University
of Göttingen, Institute for Inorganic
Chemistry, Tammannstraße
4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jan-Hendrik Borter
- Department
of Dynamics at Surfaces, Max Planck Institute
for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg 11, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Severine Rupp
- Theoretische
Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 4, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Serhiy Demeshko
- University
of Göttingen, Institute for Inorganic
Chemistry, Tammannstraße
4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Christian Herwig
- Institut
für Chemie, Humboldt Universität
zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Limberg
- Institut
für Chemie, Humboldt Universität
zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Nicholas A. Maciulis
- Department
of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405-7102, United States
| | - Jessica Schneider
- University
of Göttingen, Institute for Inorganic
Chemistry, Tammannstraße
4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Christian Würtele
- University
of Göttingen, Institute for Inorganic
Chemistry, Tammannstraße
4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Vera Krewald
- Theoretische
Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 4, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Dirk Schwarzer
- Department
of Dynamics at Surfaces, Max Planck Institute
for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg 11, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sven Schneider
- University
of Göttingen, Institute for Inorganic
Chemistry, Tammannstraße
4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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24
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Song J, Liao Q, Hong X, Jin L, Mézailles N. Conversion of Dinitrogen into Nitrile: Cross-Metathesis of N 2 -Derived Molybdenum Nitride with Alkynes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:12242-12247. [PMID: 33608987 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202015183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The direct synthesis of nitrile from N2 under mild conditions is of great importance and has attracted much interest. Herein, we report a direct conversion of N2 into nitrile via a nitrile-alkyne cross-metathesis (NACM) process involving a N2 -derived Mo nitride. Treatment of the Mo nitride with alkyne in the presence of KOTf afforded an alkyne-coordinated nitride, which was then transformed into MoV carbyne and the corresponding nitrile upon 1 e- oxidation. Both aryl- and alkyl-substituted alkynes underwent this process smoothly. Experiments and DFT calculations have proved that the oxidation state of the Mo center plays a crucial role. This method does not rely on the nucleophilicity of the N2 -derived metal nitride, offering a novel strategy for N2 fixation chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyi Song
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Rd., 116024, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Qian Liao
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Rd., 116024, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Xin Hong
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Rd., 116024, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Li Jin
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Rd., 116024, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Nicolas Mézailles
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée, Université Paul Sabatier, CNRS, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse, France
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25
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Forrest SJK, Schluschaß B, Yuzik-Klimova EY, Schneider S. Nitrogen Fixation via Splitting into Nitrido Complexes. Chem Rev 2021; 121:6522-6587. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian J. K. Forrest
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Bastian Schluschaß
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Sven Schneider
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
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26
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Weber JE, Hasanayn F, Fataftah M, Mercado BQ, Crabtree RH, Holland PL. Electronic and Spin-State Effects on Dinitrogen Splitting to Nitrides in a Rhenium Pincer System. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:6115-6124. [PMID: 33847125 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c03778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Bimetallic nitrogen (N2) splitting to form metal nitrides is an attractive method for N2 fixation. Although a growing number of pincer-supported systems can bind and split N2, the precise relationship between the ligand properties and N2 binding/splitting remains elusive. Here we report the first example of an N2-bridged rhenium(III) complex, [(trans-P2tBuPyrr)ReCl2]2(μ-η1:η1-N2) (P2tBuPyrr = [2,5-(CH2PtBu2)2C4H2N]-). In this case, N2 binding occurs at a higher oxidation level than that in other reported pincer analogues. Analysis of the electronic structure through computational studies shows that the weakly π-donor pincer ligand stabilizes an open-shell electronic configuration that leads to enhanced binding of N2 in the bridged complex. Utilizing SQUID magnetometry, we demonstrate a singlet ground state for this Re-N-N-Re complex, and we offer tentative explanations for antiferromagnetic coupling of the two local S = 1 sites. Reduction and subsequent heating of the rhenium(III)-dinitrogen complex leads to chloride loss and cleavage of the N-N bond with isolation of the terminal rhenium(V) nitride complex (P2tBuPyrr)ReNCl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy E Weber
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Faraj Hasanayn
- Department of Chemistry, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon
| | - Majed Fataftah
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Brandon Q Mercado
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Robert H Crabtree
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Patrick L Holland
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
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27
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Tanabe Y, Nishibayashi Y. Comprehensive insights into synthetic nitrogen fixation assisted by molecular catalysts under ambient or mild conditions. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:5201-5242. [PMID: 33651046 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01341b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
N2 is fixed as NH3 industrially by the Haber-Bosch process under harsh conditions, whereas biological nitrogen fixation is achieved under ambient conditions, which has prompted development of alternative methods to fix N2 catalyzed by transition metal molecular complexes. Since the early 21st century, catalytic conversion of N2 into NH3 under ambient conditions has been achieved by using molecular catalysts, and now H2O has been utilized as a proton source with turnover frequencies reaching the values found for biological nitrogen fixation. In this review, recent advances in the development of molecular catalysts for synthetic N2 fixation under ambient or mild conditions are summarized, and potential directions for future research are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiaki Tanabe
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
| | - Yoshiaki Nishibayashi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
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28
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Song J, Liao Q, Hong X, Jin L, Mézailles N. Conversion of Dinitrogen into Nitrile: Cross‐Metathesis of N
2
‐Derived Molybdenum Nitride with Alkynes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202015183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinyi Song
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry Dalian University of Technology No. 2 Linggong Rd. 116024 Dalian Liaoning China
| | - Qian Liao
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry Dalian University of Technology No. 2 Linggong Rd. 116024 Dalian Liaoning China
| | - Xin Hong
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry Dalian University of Technology No. 2 Linggong Rd. 116024 Dalian Liaoning China
| | - Li Jin
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry Dalian University of Technology No. 2 Linggong Rd. 116024 Dalian Liaoning China
| | - Nicolas Mézailles
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée Université Paul Sabatier CNRS 118 Route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse France
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29
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Masero F, Perrin MA, Dey S, Mougel V. Dinitrogen Fixation: Rationalizing Strategies Utilizing Molecular Complexes. Chemistry 2021; 27:3892-3928. [PMID: 32914919 PMCID: PMC7986120 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Dinitrogen (N2 ) is the most abundant gas in Earth's atmosphere, but its inertness hinders its use as a nitrogen source in the biosphere and in industry. Efficient catalysts are hence required to ov. ercome the high kinetic barriers associated to N2 transformation. In that respect, molecular complexes have demonstrated strong potential to mediate N2 functionalization reactions under mild conditions while providing a straightforward understanding of the reaction mechanisms. This Review emphasizes the strategies for N2 reduction and functionalization using molecular transition metal and actinide complexes according to their proposed reaction mechanisms, distinguishing complexes inducing cleavage of the N≡N bond before (dissociative mechanism) or concomitantly with functionalization (associative mechanism). We present here the main examples of stoichiometric and catalytic N2 functionalization reactions following these strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Masero
- Department of Chemistry and Applied BiosciencesLaboratory of Inorganic ChemistryETH ZürichVladimir Prelog Weg 1–58093ZürichSwitzerland
| | - Marie A. Perrin
- Department of Chemistry and Applied BiosciencesLaboratory of Inorganic ChemistryETH ZürichVladimir Prelog Weg 1–58093ZürichSwitzerland
| | - Subal Dey
- Department of Chemistry and Applied BiosciencesLaboratory of Inorganic ChemistryETH ZürichVladimir Prelog Weg 1–58093ZürichSwitzerland
| | - Victor Mougel
- Department of Chemistry and Applied BiosciencesLaboratory of Inorganic ChemistryETH ZürichVladimir Prelog Weg 1–58093ZürichSwitzerland
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30
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Ashida Y, Nishibayashi Y. Catalytic conversion of nitrogen molecule into ammonia using molybdenum complexes under ambient reaction conditions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:1176-1189. [PMID: 33443504 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc07146c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Nitrogen fixation using homogeneous transition metal complexes under mild reaction conditions is a challenging topic in the field of chemistry. Several successful examples of the catalytic conversion of nitrogen molecule into ammonia using various transition metal complexes in the presence of reductants and proton sources have been reported so far, together with detailed investigations on the reaction mechanism. Among these, only molybdenum complexes have been shown to serve as effective catalysts under ambient reaction conditions, in stark contrast with other transition metal-catalysed reactions that proceed at low reaction temperature such as -78 °C. In this feature article, we classify the molybdenum-catalysed reactions into four types: reactions via the Schrock cycle, reactions via dinuclear reaction systems, reactions via direct cleavage of the nitrogen-nitrogen triple bond of dinitrogen, and reactions via the Chatt-type cycle. We describe these catalytic systems focusing on the catalytic activity and mechanistic investigations. We hope that the present feature article provides useful information to develop more efficient nitrogen fixation systems under mild reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuya Ashida
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
| | - Yoshiaki Nishibayashi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
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31
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Engesser TA, Kindjajev A, Junge J, Krahmer J, Tuczek F. A Chatt-Type Catalyst with One Coordination Site for Dinitrogen Reduction to Ammonia. Chemistry 2020; 26:14807-14812. [PMID: 32815654 PMCID: PMC7756349 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
With [Mo(N2)(P2MePP2Ph)] the first Chatt‐type complex with one coordination site catalytically converting N2 to ammonia is presented. Employing SmI2 as reductant and H2O as proton source 26 equivalents of ammonia are generated. Analogous Mo0‐N2 complexes supported by a combination of bi‐ and tridentate phosphine ligands are catalytically inactive under the same conditions. These findings are interpreted by analyzing structural and spectroscopic features of the employed systems, leading to the conclusion that the catalytic activity of the title complex is due to the strong activation of N2 and the unique topology of the pentadentate tetrapodal (pentaPod) ligand P2MePP2Ph. The analogous hydrazido(2‐) complex [Mo(NNH2)(P2MePP2Ph)](BArF)2 is generated by protonation with HBArF in ether and characterized by NMR and vibrational spectroscopy. Importantly, it is shown to be catalytically active as well. Along with the fact that the structure of the title complex precludes dimerization this demonstrates that the corresponding catalytic cycle follows a mononuclear pathway. The implications of a PCET mechanism on this reactive scheme are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias A Engesser
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Otto-Hahn-Platz 10, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Andrei Kindjajev
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Otto-Hahn-Platz 10, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jannik Junge
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Otto-Hahn-Platz 10, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jan Krahmer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Otto-Hahn-Platz 10, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Felix Tuczek
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Otto-Hahn-Platz 10, 24118, Kiel, Germany
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32
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Arashiba K, Tanaka H, Yoshizawa K, Nishibayashi Y. Cycling between Molybdenum‐Dinitrogen and ‐Nitride Complexes to Support the Reaction Pathway for Catalytic Formation of Ammonia from Dinitrogen. Chemistry 2020; 26:13383-13389. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuya Arashiba
- Department of Systems Innovation School of Engineering The University of Tokyo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 1 13-8656 Japan
| | - Hiromasa Tanaka
- School of Liberal Arts and Sciences Daido University Takiharu-cho, Minami-ku Nagoya 457-8530 Japan
| | - Kazunari Yoshizawa
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering and IRCCS Kyushu University Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Nishibayashi
- Department of Systems Innovation School of Engineering The University of Tokyo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 1 13-8656 Japan
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33
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A hemilabile diphosphine pyridine pincer ligand: σ- and π-binding in molybdenum coordination complexes. Polyhedron 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2020.114631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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34
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Bruch QJ, Connor GP, McMillion ND, Goldman AS, Hasanayn F, Holland PL, Miller AJM. Considering Electrocatalytic Ammonia Synthesis via Bimetallic Dinitrogen Cleavage. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c02606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Quinton J. Bruch
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Gannon P. Connor
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Noah D. McMillion
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Alan S. Goldman
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Faraj Hasanayn
- Department of Chemistry, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon
| | - Patrick L. Holland
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Alexander J. M. Miller
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
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35
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Kim S, Loose F, Chirik PJ. Beyond Ammonia: Nitrogen–Element Bond Forming Reactions with Coordinated Dinitrogen. Chem Rev 2020; 120:5637-5681. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sangmin Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Florian Loose
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Paul J. Chirik
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
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36
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Singh D, Buratto WR, Torres JF, Murray LJ. Activation of Dinitrogen by Polynuclear Metal Complexes. Chem Rev 2020; 120:5517-5581. [PMID: 32364373 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Activation of dinitrogen plays an important role in daily anthropogenic life, and the processes by which this fixation occurs have been a longstanding and significant research focus within the community. One of the major fields of dinitrogen activation research is the use of multimetallic compounds to reduce and/or activate N2 into a more useful nitrogen-atom source, such as ammonia. Here we report a comprehensive review of multimetallic-dinitrogen complexes and their utility toward N2 activation, beginning with the d-block metals from Group 4 to Group 11, then extending to Group 13 (which is exclusively populated by B complexes), and finally the rare-earth and actinide species. The review considers all polynuclear metal aggregates containing two or more metal centers in which dinitrogen is coordinated or activated (i.e., partial or complete cleavage of the N2 triple bond in the observed product). Our survey includes complexes in which mononuclear N2 complexes are used as building blocks to generate homo- or heteromultimetallic dinitrogen species, which allow one to evaluate the potential of heterometallic species for dinitrogen activation. We highlight some of the common trends throughout the periodic table, such as the differences between coordination modes as it relates to N2 activation and potential functionalization and the effect of polarizing the bridging N2 ligand by employing different metal ions of differing Lewis acidities. By providing this comprehensive treatment of polynuclear metal dinitrogen species, this Review aims to outline the past and provide potential future directions for continued research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devender Singh
- Center for Catalysis, and Florida Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
| | - William R Buratto
- Center for Catalysis, and Florida Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
| | - Juan F Torres
- Center for Catalysis, and Florida Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
| | - Leslie J Murray
- Center for Catalysis, and Florida Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
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37
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van Alten RS, Wätjen F, Demeshko S, Miller AJM, Würtele C, Siewert I, Schneider S. (Electro-)chemical Splitting of Dinitrogen with a Rhenium Pincer Complex. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020; 2020:1402-1410. [PMID: 32421038 PMCID: PMC7217231 DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201901278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The splitting of N2 into well‐defined terminal nitride complexes is a key reaction for nitrogen fixation at ambient conditions. In continuation of our previous work on rhenium pincer mediated N2 splitting, nitrogen activation and cleavage upon (electro)chemical reduction of [ReCl2(L2)] {L2 = N(CHCHPtBu2)2–} is reported. The electrochemical characterization of [ReCl2(L2)] and comparison with our previously reported platform [ReCl2(L1)] {L1 = N(CH2CH2PtBu2)2–} provides mechanistic insight to rationalize the dependence of nitride yield on the reductant. Furthermore, the reactivity of N2 derived nitride complex [Re(N)Cl(L2)] with electrophiles is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richt S van Alten
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry University of Goettingen Tammannstraße 4 37077 Goettingen Germany
| | - Florian Wätjen
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry University of Goettingen Tammannstraße 4 37077 Goettingen Germany
| | - Serhiy Demeshko
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry University of Goettingen Tammannstraße 4 37077 Goettingen Germany
| | - Alexander J M Miller
- Department of Chemistry University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 27599-3290 Chapel Hill NC USA
| | - Christian Würtele
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry University of Goettingen Tammannstraße 4 37077 Goettingen Germany
| | - Inke Siewert
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry University of Goettingen Tammannstraße 4 37077 Goettingen Germany.,International Center for Advanced Studies of Energy Conversion University of Goettingen Tammannstraße 6 37077 Goettingen Germany
| | - Sven Schneider
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry University of Goettingen Tammannstraße 4 37077 Goettingen Germany.,International Center for Advanced Studies of Energy Conversion University of Goettingen Tammannstraße 6 37077 Goettingen Germany
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38
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J. Kendall
- Biomaterials and Biomechanics; Oregon Health and Science University; 97201 Portland OR USA
| | - Michael T. Mock
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Montana State University; 59717 Bozeman MT USA
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39
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Valdez-Moreira JA, Millikan SP, Gao X, Carta V, Chen CH, Smith JM. Hydrosilylation of an Iron(IV) Nitride Complex. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:579-583. [PMID: 31876412 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b02831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The nitride ligand in iron(IV) complex PhB(MesIm)3Fe≡N reacts with excess H3SiPh to afford PhB(MesIm)3Fe(μ-H)3(SiHPh) as the major product, which has been structurally and spectroscopically characterized. Bulkier silane HaSiPh2 provides iron(II) amido complex PhB(MesIm)3FeN(H)(SiHPh2) as the initial product of the reaction, with excess H2SiPh2 affording diamagnetic PhB(MesIm)3Fe(μ-H)3(SiPh2) as the major product. Unobserved iron(II) hydride PhB(MesIm)3Fe-H is implicated as an intermediate in this reaction, as suggested by the results of the reaction between iron(II) amido PhB(MesIm)3FeN(H)tBu and H3SiPh, which provides PhB(MesIm)3Fe(H)(μ-H)2(Si(NHtBu)Ph) as the sole product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan A Valdez-Moreira
- Department of Chemistry , Indiana University , 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue , Bloomington , Indiana 47405 , United States
| | - Sean P Millikan
- Department of Chemistry , Indiana University , 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue , Bloomington , Indiana 47405 , United States
| | - Xinfeng Gao
- Department of Chemistry , Indiana University , 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue , Bloomington , Indiana 47405 , United States
| | - Veronica Carta
- Department of Chemistry , Indiana University , 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue , Bloomington , Indiana 47405 , United States
| | - Chun-Hsing Chen
- Department of Chemistry , Indiana University , 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue , Bloomington , Indiana 47405 , United States
| | - Jeremy M Smith
- Department of Chemistry , Indiana University , 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue , Bloomington , Indiana 47405 , United States
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40
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Tanabe Y, Sekiguchi Y, Tanaka H, Konomi A, Yoshizawa K, Kuriyama S, Nishibayashi Y. Preparation and reactivity of molybdenum complexes bearing pyrrole-based PNP-type pincer ligand. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:6933-6936. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc02852e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Molybdenum complexes bearing an anionic pyrrole-based PNP-type pincer ligand have been prepared and have been found to work as catalysts for the conversion of N2 into NH3 under ambient conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiaki Tanabe
- Department of Systems Innovation
- School of Engineering
- The University of Tokyo
- Hongo
- Bunkyo-ku
| | - Yoshiya Sekiguchi
- Department of Systems Innovation
- School of Engineering
- The University of Tokyo
- Hongo
- Bunkyo-ku
| | - Hiromasa Tanaka
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering
- Kyushu University
- Nishi-ku
- Fukuoka 819-0395
- Japan
| | - Asuka Konomi
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering
- Kyushu University
- Nishi-ku
- Fukuoka 819-0395
- Japan
| | - Kazunari Yoshizawa
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering
- Kyushu University
- Nishi-ku
- Fukuoka 819-0395
- Japan
| | - Shogo Kuriyama
- Department of Systems Innovation
- School of Engineering
- The University of Tokyo
- Hongo
- Bunkyo-ku
| | - Yoshiaki Nishibayashi
- Department of Systems Innovation
- School of Engineering
- The University of Tokyo
- Hongo
- Bunkyo-ku
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41
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Bruch QJ, Connor GP, Chen CH, Holland PL, Mayer JM, Hasanayn F, Miller AJM. Dinitrogen Reduction to Ammonium at Rhenium Utilizing Light and Proton-Coupled Electron Transfer. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:20198-20208. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b10031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Quinton J. Bruch
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Gannon P. Connor
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Chun-Hsing Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Patrick L. Holland
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - James M. Mayer
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Faraj Hasanayn
- Department of Chemistry, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon
| | - Alexander J. M. Miller
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
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