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Ketkov SY, Tzeng SY, Rychagova EA, Lukoyanov AN, Tzeng WB. Effect of a single methyl substituent on the electronic structure of cobaltocene studied by computationally assisted MATI spectroscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:1046-1056. [PMID: 38095021 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp05120j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
Metallocenes represent archetypical organometallic compounds playing key roles in various fields of fundamental and applied chemistry. Many of their unique properties arise from low ionization energies (IE) which can be tuned by introducing substituents into the rings. Here we report the first mass-analyzed threshold ionization (MATI) spectrum of a methylmetallocene, (Cp')(Cp)Co (Cp' = η5-C5H4Me, Cp = η5-C5H5). The presence of a single Me group allows us to study the "pure" effect of methylation without the mutual influence of substituents. The MATI technique provides an extremely high accuracy in determining the adiabatic IE of (Cp')(Cp)Co which equals 5.2097(6) eV. The effect of a Me group on the IE of cobaltocene appears to be 36% stronger than that in bis(η6-benzene)chromium. The MATI spectrum of (Cp')(Cp)Co shows a rich vibronic structure from which vibrational frequencies of the free ion are determined. This information provides a solid basis for testing the quality of quantum chemical calculations. Various levels of the DFT and coupled cluster computations are used to describe the structural and electronic transformations accompanying the detachment of an elctron from (Cp')(Cp)Co. New aspects of the methyl substituent influence on the potential energy surfaces, as well as on the inhomogeneous changes in charge density and electrostatic potential caused by ionization, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Yu Ketkov
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry RAS, 49 Tropinin St., 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation.
| | - Sheng-Yuan Tzeng
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, 1 Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Elena A Rychagova
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry RAS, 49 Tropinin St., 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation.
| | - Anton N Lukoyanov
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry RAS, 49 Tropinin St., 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation.
| | - Wen-Bih Tzeng
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, 1 Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
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Astruc D. The numerous paths of ferrocene. Nat Chem 2023; 15:1650. [PMID: 37907604 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-023-01348-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
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Astruc D. From sandwich complexes to dendrimers: journey toward applications to sensing, molecular electronics, materials science, and biomedicine. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023. [PMID: 37191211 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc01175e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
This review links various areas of inorganic chemistry around the themes developed by our research group during the last four decades. It is firstly based on the electronic structure of iron sandwich complexes, showing how the metal electron count dictates their reactivities, with various applications (via C-H activation, C-C bond formation) as reducing and oxidizing agents, redox and electrocatalysts and precursors of dendrimers and catalyst templates through bursting reactions. Various electron-transfer processes and consequences are explored, including the influence of the redox state on the acidity of robust ligands and the possibility to iterate in situ C-H activation and C-C bond formation to build arene-cored dendrimers. Examples of how these dendrimers are functionalized are illustrated using the cross olefin metathesis reactions, with application to the synthesis of soft nanomaterials and biomaterials. Mixed and average valence complexes give rise to remarkable subsequent organometallic reactions, including the salt influence on these reactions. The stereo-electronic aspect of these mixed valencies is pointed out in star-shaped multi-ferrocenes with a frustration effect and other multi-organoiron systems, with the perspective of understanding electron-transfer processes among dendrimer redox sites involving electrostatic effects and application to redox sensing and polymer metallocene batteries. Dendritic redox sensing is summarized for biologically relevant anions such as ATP2- with supramolecular exoreceptor interactions at the dendrimer periphery in parallel with the seminal work on metallocene-derived endoreceptors by Beer's group. This aspect includes the design of the first metallodendrimers that have applications in both redox sensing and micellar catalysis with nanoparticles. These properties provide the opportunity to summarize the biomedical (mostly anticancer) applications of ferrocenes, dendrimers and dendritic ferrocenes in biomedicine (in particular the contribution from our group, but not only). Finally, the use of dendrimers as templates for catalysis is illustrated with numerous reactions including C-C bond formation, click reactions and H2 production reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didier Astruc
- Univ. Bordeaux, ISM, UMR CNRS No. 5255, 351 Cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence Cedex, France.
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Wang W, Ruiz J, Ornelas C, Hamon JR. A Career in Catalysis: Didier Astruc. ACS Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c04318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Wang
- Univ. Bordeaux, ISM UMR N°5255, 351 Cours de la Libération, 33405 Cedex Talence, France
- Univ. Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)−UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Jaime Ruiz
- Univ. Bordeaux, ISM UMR N°5255, 351 Cours de la Libération, 33405 Cedex Talence, France
| | - Catia Ornelas
- Institute of Chemistry, Rua Josué de Castro, Cidade Universitaria Zeferino Vaz, University of Campinas, Campinas, 13083-970 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jean-René Hamon
- Univ. Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)−UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
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Beladi-Mousavi SM, Salinas G, Bouffier L, Sojic N, Kuhn A. Wireless electrochemical light emission in ultrathin 2D nanoconfinements. Chem Sci 2022; 13:14277-14284. [PMID: 36545138 PMCID: PMC9749134 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc04670a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Spatial confinement of chemical reactions or physical effects may lead to original phenomena and new properties. Here, the generation of electrochemiluminescence (ECL) in confined free-standing 2D spaces, exemplified by surfactant-based air bubbles is reported. For this, the ultrathin walls of the bubbles (typically in the range of 100-700 nm) are chosen as a host where graphene sheets, acting as bipolar ECL-emitting electrodes, are trapped and dispersed. The proposed system demonstrates that the required potential for the generation of ECL is up to three orders of magnitude smaller compared to conventional systems, due to the nanoconfinement of the potential drop. This proof-of-concept study demonstrates the key advantages of a 2D environment, allowing a wireless activation of ECL at rather low potentials, compatible with (bio)analytical systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gerardo Salinas
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255, ENSCBP33607 PessacFrance
| | - Laurent Bouffier
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255, ENSCBP33607 PessacFrance
| | - Neso Sojic
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255, ENSCBP33607 PessacFrance
| | - Alexander Kuhn
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255, ENSCBP33607 PessacFrance
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Beladi-Mousavi SM, Walder L. Materials and systems for polymer-based Metallocene batteries: Status and challenges. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.124658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Hübner H, Candeago R, Schmitt D, Schießer A, Xiong B, Gallei M, Su X. Synthesis and covalent immobilization of redox-active metallopolymers for organic phase electrochemistry. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.124656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Celedón S, Hamon P, Artigas V, Fuentealba M, Kahlal S, Carrillo D, Saillard JY, Hamon JR, Manzur C. Ferrocene functionalized enantiomerically pure Schiff bases and their Zn( ii) and Pd( ii) complexes: a spectroscopic, crystallographic, electrochemical and computational investigation. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj06106b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
A combination of X-ray diffraction, IR, UV-vis and NMR spectroscopy together with computational methods was used to characterize and study the properties of the title compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvador Celedón
- Laboratorio de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Avenida Universidad 330, Curauma, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Paul Hamon
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) – UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Vania Artigas
- Laboratorio de Cristalografía, Instituto de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Avenida Universidad 330, Curauma, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Mauricio Fuentealba
- Laboratorio de Cristalografía, Instituto de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Avenida Universidad 330, Curauma, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Samia Kahlal
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) – UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - David Carrillo
- Laboratorio de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Avenida Universidad 330, Curauma, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Jean-Yves Saillard
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) – UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Jean-René Hamon
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) – UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Carolina Manzur
- Laboratorio de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Avenida Universidad 330, Curauma, Valparaíso, Chile
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Beladi-Mousavi SM, Klein J, Ciobanu M, Sadaf S, Mahmood AM, Walder L. Flexible, Self-Supported Anode for Organic Batteries with a Matched Hierarchical Current Collector System for Boosted Current Density. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2103885. [PMID: 34647677 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202103885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The inherent flexibility of redox-active organic polymers and carbon-based fillers, combined with flexible current collectors (CCs) is ideal for the fabrication of flexible batteries. Herein, a one-step electrophoretic deposition of polyviologen (PV)/graphene-oxide (GO) aqueous composites onto a flexible mesh of 60 µm thick wires, 100 µm apart, is described. Notably, during electrodeposition, GO is transformed into conductive reduced GO (rGO), and nanoscopic pores are formed by self-assembly allowing charge/discharge of the redox sites over dozens of micrometers. Typically, electrodeposition of PV alone on a flat CC (FCC) is limited by its electrically insulating structure to ≈0.15 mAh cm-2 , but the presence of rGO allows thicker active layers without loss in (dis-)charging kinetics and reaching areal capacities of ≈2 mAh cm-2 . Remarkably, when the FCC is replaced by a mesh, the deposition of significantly more anode materials (≈5 mAh cm-2 ) is possible, while the (dis-)charging kinetics is considerably improved. It exhibits high capacity retention at an ultrafast rate of 100 C (<3%) and excellent bending stabilities. This represents the first combination of a microscopic-CC (mesh wires) with a molecular-electronic and -ionic conductor (rGO with its pores), i.e., a hierarchical-CC system with maximized polymer thickness and minimized wire thickness. The stacking of such modified grids paves the road to further increase the areal capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyyed Mohsen Beladi-Mousavi
- Institute of Chemistry of New Materials, Center of Physics and Chemistry of New Materials, University of Osnabrück, Barbarastr. 7, D-49069, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Jonas Klein
- Institute of Chemistry of New Materials, Center of Physics and Chemistry of New Materials, University of Osnabrück, Barbarastr. 7, D-49069, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Marius Ciobanu
- Institute of Chemistry of New Materials, Center of Physics and Chemistry of New Materials, University of Osnabrück, Barbarastr. 7, D-49069, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Shamaila Sadaf
- Institute of Chemistry of New Materials, Center of Physics and Chemistry of New Materials, University of Osnabrück, Barbarastr. 7, D-49069, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Arsalan Mado Mahmood
- Institute of Chemistry of New Materials, Center of Physics and Chemistry of New Materials, University of Osnabrück, Barbarastr. 7, D-49069, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Lorenz Walder
- Institute of Chemistry of New Materials, Center of Physics and Chemistry of New Materials, University of Osnabrück, Barbarastr. 7, D-49069, Osnabrück, Germany
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Cha Y, Zhu T, Sha Y, Lin H, Hwang J, Seraydarian M, Craig SL, Tang C. Mechanochemistry of Cationic Cobaltocenium Mechanophore. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:11871-11878. [PMID: 34283587 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c05233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Recent research on the mechanochemistry of metallocene mechanophores has shed light on the force-responsiveness of these thermally and chemically stable organometallic compounds. In this work, we report a combination of experimental and computational studies on the mechanochemistry of main-chain cobaltocenium-containing polymers. Ester derivatives of the cationic cobaltocenium, though isoelectronic to neutral ferrocene, are unstable in the nonmechanical control experimental conditions that were accommodated by their ferrocene analogs. Replacing the electron withdrawing C-ester linkages with electron-donating C-alkyls conferred the necessary stability and enabled the mechanochemistry of the cobaltocenium to be assessed. Despite their high bond dissociation energy, cobaltocenium mechanophores are found to be selective sites of main chain scission under sonomechanical activation. Computational CoGEF calculations suggest that the presence of a counterion to cobaltocenium plays a vital role by promoting a peeling mechanism of dissociation in conjunction with the initial slipping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujin Cha
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Tianyu Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Ye Sha
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Huina Lin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - JiHyeon Hwang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Matthew Seraydarian
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Stephen L Craig
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Chuanbing Tang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
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Beladi-Mousavi SM, Sadaf S, Hennecke AK, Klein J, Mahmood AM, Rüttiger C, Gallei M, Fu F, Fouquet E, Ruiz J, Astruc D, Walder L. The Metallocene Battery: Ultrafast Electron Transfer Self Exchange Rate Accompanied by a Harmonic Height Breathing. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:13554-13558. [PMID: 33730408 PMCID: PMC8252062 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202100174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The first all-metallocene rechargeable battery consisting of poly-cobaltocenium/- and poly-ferrocene/reduced graphene oxide composites as anode and cathode was prepared. The intrinsically fast ET self-exchange rate of metallocenes was successfully combined with an efficient ion-percolation achieved by molecular self-assembly. The resulting battery materials show ideal Nernstian behavior, is thickness scalable up to >1.2 C cm-2 , and exhibit high coulombic efficiency at ultrafast rates (200 A g-1 ). Using aqueous LiClO4 , the charge is carried exclusively by the anion. The ClO4 - intercalation is accompanied by a reciprocal height change of the active layers. Principally, volume changes in organic battery materials during charging/discharging are not desirable and represent a major safety issue. However, here, the individual height changes-due to ion breathing-are reciprocal and thus prohibiting any internal pressure build-up in the closed-cell, leading to excellent cycling stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyyed Mohsen Beladi-Mousavi
- Institute of Chemistry of New Materials, Center of Physics & Chemistry of New Materials, University of Osnabrück, Barbarastr. 7, 49069, Osnabrück, Germany.,Current address: Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255, 33607, Pessac, France
| | - Shamaila Sadaf
- Institute of Chemistry of New Materials, Center of Physics & Chemistry of New Materials, University of Osnabrück, Barbarastr. 7, 49069, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Ann-Kristin Hennecke
- Institute of Chemistry of New Materials, Center of Physics & Chemistry of New Materials, University of Osnabrück, Barbarastr. 7, 49069, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Jonas Klein
- Institute of Chemistry of New Materials, Center of Physics & Chemistry of New Materials, University of Osnabrück, Barbarastr. 7, 49069, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Arsalan Mado Mahmood
- Institute of Chemistry of New Materials, Center of Physics & Chemistry of New Materials, University of Osnabrück, Barbarastr. 7, 49069, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Christian Rüttiger
- Ernst-Berl Institut fur Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 4, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Markus Gallei
- Chair in Polymer Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus Saarbrücken C4 2, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Fangyu Fu
- ISM, UMR 5255, Univ. Bordeaux, 351 Cours de la Libération, 33405, Talence Cedex, France
| | - Eric Fouquet
- ISM, UMR 5255, Univ. Bordeaux, 351 Cours de la Libération, 33405, Talence Cedex, France
| | - Jaime Ruiz
- ISM, UMR 5255, Univ. Bordeaux, 351 Cours de la Libération, 33405, Talence Cedex, France
| | - Didier Astruc
- ISM, UMR 5255, Univ. Bordeaux, 351 Cours de la Libération, 33405, Talence Cedex, France
| | - Lorenz Walder
- Institute of Chemistry of New Materials, Center of Physics & Chemistry of New Materials, University of Osnabrück, Barbarastr. 7, 49069, Osnabrück, Germany
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