1
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Haas BC, Lim NK, Jermaks J, Gaster E, Guo MC, Malig TC, Werth J, Zhang H, Toste FD, Gosselin F, Miller SJ, Sigman MS. Enantioselective Sulfonimidamide Acylation via a Cinchona Alkaloid-Catalyzed Desymmetrization: Scope, Data Science, and Mechanistic Investigation. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:8536-8546. [PMID: 38480482 PMCID: PMC10990064 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c00374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Methods to access chiral sulfur(VI) pharmacophores are of interest in medicinal and synthetic chemistry. We report the desymmetrization of unprotected sulfonimidamides via asymmetric acylation with a cinchona-phosphinate catalyst. The desired products are formed in excellent yield and enantioselectivity with no observed bis-acylation. A data-science-driven approach to substrate scope evaluation was coupled to high throughput experimentation (HTE) to facilitate statistical modeling in order to inform mechanistic studies. Reaction kinetics, catalyst structural studies, and density functional theory (DFT) transition state analysis elucidated the turnover-limiting step to be the collapse of the tetrahedral intermediate and provided key insights into the catalyst-substrate structure-activity relationships responsible for the origin of the enantioselectivity. This study offers a reliable method for accessing enantioenriched sulfonimidamides to propel their application as pharmacophores and serves as an example of the mechanistic insight that can be gleaned from integrating data science and traditional physical organic techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany C Haas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Ngiap-Kie Lim
- Department of Synthetic Molecule Process Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Janis Jermaks
- Department of Synthetic Molecule Process Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Eden Gaster
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Melody C Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Thomas C Malig
- Department of Synthetic Molecule Analytical Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Jacob Werth
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Haiming Zhang
- Department of Synthetic Molecule Process Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - F Dean Toste
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Francis Gosselin
- Department of Synthetic Molecule Process Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Scott J Miller
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Matthew S Sigman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
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2
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Peng Z, Sun S, Zheng MM, Li Y, Li X, Li S, Xue XS, Dong J, Gao B. Enantioselective sulfur(VI) fluoride exchange reaction of iminosulfur oxydifluorides. Nat Chem 2024; 16:353-362. [PMID: 38355829 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-024-01452-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Linkage chemistry and functional molecules derived from the stereogenic sulfur(VI) centre have important applications in organic synthesis, bioconjugation, drug discovery, agrochemicals and polymeric materials. However, existing approaches for the preparation of optically active S(VI)-centred compounds heavily rely on synthetic chiral S(IV) pools, and the reported linkers of S(VI) lack stereocontrol. A modular assembly method, involving sequential ligand exchange at the S(VI) centre with precise control of enantioselectivity, is appealing but remains elusive. Here we report an asymmetric three-dimensional sulfur(VI) fluoride exchange (3D-SuFEx) reaction based on thionyl tetrafluoride gas (SOF4). A key step involves the chiral ligand-induced enantioselective defluorinative substitution of iminosulfur oxydifluorides using organolithium reagents. The resulting optically active sulfonimidoyl fluorides allow for further stereospecific fluoride-exchange by various nucleophiles, thereby establishing a modular platform for the asymmetric SuFEx ligation and the divergent synthesis of optically active S(VI) functional molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/BioSensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecular Chemical Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Shoujun Sun
- Institute of Translational Medicine, National Facility for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng-Meng Zheng
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yangyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/BioSensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecular Chemical Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Xixi Li
- Institute of Translational Medicine, National Facility for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Suhua Li
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Song Xue
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Nitrogen Chemistry and Advanced Materials, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jiajia Dong
- Institute of Translational Medicine, National Facility for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Bing Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/BioSensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecular Chemical Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, China.
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3
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Gao L, Wang YQ, Zhang YQ, Fu YH, Liu YY, Zhang QW. Nickel-Catalyzed Enantioselective Synthesis of Dienyl Sulfoxide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023:e202317626. [PMID: 38085222 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202317626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Sulfoxides are widely used in the pharmaceutical industry and as ligands in asymmetric catalysis. However, the efficient asymmetric synthesis of this structural motif remains limited. In this study, we disclosed a Ni-catalyzed enantioconvergent reaction that utilizes both racemic allenyl carbonates and β-sulfinyl esters. Our method employs cheap and more sustainable Ni(II) as a precatalyst and successfully overcomes the challenging poisoning effect and instability of sulfenate generated in situ. This enables the synthesis of a series of dienyl sulfoxides with enantioselectivity of up to 98 % ee. The product exhibits tremendous potential in various applications, including diastereoselective Diels-Alder reactions, coordination with transition metals, and incorporation into medicinal compounds, among others. Using a combination of experimental and computational methods, we have uncovered an interesting associated outersphere mechanism that contrasts with conventional mechanisms commonly observed in asymmetric transition metal catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Gao
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Yin-Qi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Ya-Qian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Yi-Han Fu
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Yi-Yu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Qing-Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, China
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4
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van Dijk L, Haas BC, Lim NK, Clagg K, Dotson JJ, Treacy SM, Piechowicz KA, Roytman VA, Zhang H, Toste FD, Miller SJ, Gosselin F, Sigman MS. Data Science-Enabled Palladium-Catalyzed Enantioselective Aryl-Carbonylation of Sulfonimidamides. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:20959-20967. [PMID: 37656964 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c06674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
New methods for the general asymmetric synthesis of sulfonimidamides are of great interest due to their applications in medicinal chemistry, agrochemical discovery, and academic research. We report a palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling method for the enantioselective aryl-carbonylation of sulfonimidamides. Using data science techniques, a virtual library of calculated bisphosphine ligand descriptors was used to guide reaction optimization by effectively sampling the catalyst chemical space. The optimized conditions identified using this approach provided the desired product in excellent yield and enantioselectivity. As the next step, a data science-driven strategy was also used to explore a diverse set of aryl and heteroaryl iodides, providing key information about the scope and limitations of the method. Furthermore, we tested a range of racemic sulfonimidamides for compatibility of this coupling partner. The developed method offers a general and efficient strategy for accessing enantioenriched sulfonimidamides, which should facilitate their application in industrial and academic settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy van Dijk
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Brittany C Haas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Ngiap-Kie Lim
- Department of Small Molecule Process Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Kyle Clagg
- Department of Small Molecule Process Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Jordan J Dotson
- Department of Small Molecule Process Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Sean M Treacy
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Katarzyna A Piechowicz
- Department of Small Molecule Process Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Vladislav A Roytman
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Haiming Zhang
- Department of Small Molecule Process Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - F Dean Toste
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Scott J Miller
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Francis Gosselin
- Department of Small Molecule Process Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Matthew S Sigman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
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5
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Zhao P, Zeng Q. Progress in the Enantioselective Synthesis of Sulfur (VI) Compounds. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202302059. [PMID: 37394960 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a notable surge in the prominence of enantioenriched sulfur(VI) compounds within the chemical science, particularly in the realm of bioactive molecules. However, the synthesis of these enantioenriched sulfur(VI) compounds has posed significant challenges, necessitating the exploration of diverse synthetic methods. Accordingly, this review aims to provide an in-depth analysis of the latest advancements in the synthesis of sulfoximines, sulfonimidate esters, sulfonimidamides, and sulfonimidoyl halides, with a focus on developments since 1971.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhao
- College of Materials, Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China
| | - Qingle Zeng
- College of Materials, Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China
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6
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Liang DD, Lional N, Scheepmaker B, Subramaniam M, Li G, Miloserdov FM, Zuilhof H. Enantiospecific Synthesis of Aniline-Derived Sulfonimidamides. Org Lett 2023; 25:5666-5670. [PMID: 37490052 PMCID: PMC10407922 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c02132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Reaction of sulfonimidoyl fluorides with anilines and Ca(NTf2)2 results in the formation of chiral sulfonimidamides. The reaction proceeds with inversion of the stereocenter at a sulfur atom. Enantiospecificity of the reaction was observed for all studied non-heterocyclic anilines. Combined experimental and computational mechanistic studies highlight chelate-type coordination of the sulfonimidoyl group to Ca(NTf2)2 and the formation of a SN2-like transition state, in which leaving F- coordinates with the Ca2+ ion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Dong Liang
- Laboratory
of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, Netherlands
- Department
of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, People’s Republic of China
| | - Natassa Lional
- Laboratory
of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Bas Scheepmaker
- Laboratory
of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Muthusamy Subramaniam
- Laboratory
of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Guanna Li
- Laboratory
of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, Netherlands
- Biobased
Chemistry and Technology, Wageningen University, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Fedor M. Miloserdov
- Laboratory
of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Han Zuilhof
- Laboratory
of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, Netherlands
- Institute
for Molecular Design and Synthesis, School of Pharmaceutical Science
& Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People’s Republic of China
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7
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Lentz N, Sodreau A, Acuña A, Mallet-Ladeira S, Maerten E, Sotiropoulos JM, Rojas Guerrero RS, Madec D. Synthesis and structures of homoleptic germylenes and stannylenes with sulfonimidamide ligands. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:6841-6846. [PMID: 37144521 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt01072d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
An unusual series of germylenes and stannylenes with homoleptic symmetric and unsymmetric N-substituted sulfonimidamide ligands PhSO(NiPr)(NHiPr) 1 and PhSO(NMes)(NHiPr) 2 have been prepared by protonolysis reaction of Lappert's metallylenes [M(HMDS)2] (M = Ge or Sn) with two equivalents of the appropriate sulfonimidamide. The homoleptic germylenes [PhSO(NiPr)2]2Ge 3 and [PhSO(NMes)(NiPr)]2Ge 4, and stannylenes [PhSO(NiPr)2]2Sn 5 and [PhSO(NMes)(NiPr)]2Sn 6 were fully characterized by NMR spectroscopy and by X-ray diffraction analysis. DFT calculations have been performed to understand the electronic properties brought by the sulfonimidamide ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Lentz
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, LHFA (Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée), UMR/CNRS 5069, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09, France.
| | - Alexandre Sodreau
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, LHFA (Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée), UMR/CNRS 5069, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09, France.
| | - Alejandra Acuña
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, LHFA (Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée), UMR/CNRS 5069, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09, France.
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, 7820436, Macul, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sonia Mallet-Ladeira
- Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT, UAR 2599), 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09, France
| | - Eddy Maerten
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, LHFA (Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée), UMR/CNRS 5069, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09, France.
| | - Jean-Marc Sotiropoulos
- Université de Pau et des Pays l'Adour et CNRS, IPREM UMR 5254, Hélioparc 2 avenue du Président Angot, 64053 Pau, France
| | - René Segundo Rojas Guerrero
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, 7820436, Macul, Santiago, Chile
| | - David Madec
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, LHFA (Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée), UMR/CNRS 5069, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09, France.
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8
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Zhang X, Wang F, Tan CH. Asymmetric Synthesis of S(IV) and S(VI) Stereogenic Centers. JACS AU 2023; 3:700-714. [PMID: 37006767 PMCID: PMC10052288 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.2c00626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Sulfur can form diverse S(IV) and S(VI) stereogenic centers, of which some have gained significant attention recently due to their increasing use as pharmacophores in drug discovery programs. The preparation of these sulfur stereogenic centers in their enantiopure form has been challenging, and progress made will be discussed in this Perspective. This Perspective summarizes different strategies, with selected works, for asymmetric synthesis of these moieties, including diastereoselective transformations using chiral auxiliaries, enantiospecific transformations of enantiopure sulfur compounds, and catalytic enantioselective synthesis. We will discuss the advantages and limitations of these strategies and will provide our views on how this field will develop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- West China
School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, and State
Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - Fucheng Wang
- West China
School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, and State
Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - Choon-Hong Tan
- School
of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371 Singapore
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9
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Yang GF, Huang HS, Nie XK, Zhang SQ, Cui X, Tang Z, Li GX. One-Pot Tandem Oxidative Bromination and Amination of Sulfenamide for the Synthesis of Sulfinamidines. J Org Chem 2023; 88:4581-4591. [PMID: 36926918 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
The sulfinamidines as aza analogues of sulfinamides received limited attention from both organic chemists and pharmaceutical chemists. Herein, we present a tandem oxidative/nucleophilic substitution approach for the synthesis of sulfinamidines in high yield (up to 98%). This cascade reaction method is enabled by N-bromosuccinimide (NBS) as an oxidant and diverse readily available amines as nucleophiles without any additives or catalysts. Notably, this method is highly time-economical, safe to operate, and easy to scale up and has excellent functional group compatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gao-Feng Yang
- Natural Products Research Center, Chengdu Institution of Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - He-Sen Huang
- Natural Products Research Center, Chengdu Institution of Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiao-Kang Nie
- Natural Products Research Center, Chengdu Institution of Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Shi-Qi Zhang
- Natural Products Research Center, Chengdu Institution of Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin Cui
- Natural Products Research Center, Chengdu Institution of Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhuo Tang
- Natural Products Research Center, Chengdu Institution of Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Guang-Xun Li
- Natural Products Research Center, Chengdu Institution of Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
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10
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Yang GF, Yuan Y, Tian Y, Zhang SQ, Cui X, Xia B, Li GX, Tang Z. Synthesis of Chiral Sulfonimidoyl Chloride via Desymmetrizing Enantioselective Hydrolysis. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:5439-5446. [PMID: 36811577 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c13758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Direct construction of chiral S(VI) from prochiral S(II) is a formidable challenge due to the inevitable formation of stable chiral S(IV). Previous synthetic strategies rely on the conversion of chiral S(IV) or enantioselective desymmetrization of preformed symmetrical S(VI) substrates. Here, we report desymmetrizing enantioselective hydrolysis of in situ-generated symmetric aza-dichlorosulfonium from sulfenamides for the preparation of chiral sulfonimidoyl chlorides, which could be used as a general stable synthon for obtaining a series of chiral S(VI) derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gao-Feng Yang
- Natural Products Research Center, Chengdu Institution of Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yi Yuan
- Natural Products Research Center, Chengdu Institution of Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yin Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Shi-Qi Zhang
- Natural Products Research Center, Chengdu Institution of Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Xin Cui
- Natural Products Research Center, Chengdu Institution of Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Bing Xia
- Natural Products Research Center, Chengdu Institution of Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Guang-Xun Li
- Natural Products Research Center, Chengdu Institution of Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Zhuo Tang
- Natural Products Research Center, Chengdu Institution of Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
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11
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Qin Y, Zhang Z, Ye X, Tan CH. Ion Pair Catalyst - Pentanidinium. CHEM REC 2023:e202200304. [PMID: 36762723 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202200304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
In this account, we further describe our already developed N-sp2 hybrid guanidinium as an efficient phase-transfer catalyst and ion pair catalysis based on N-sp2 hybrid pentanidinium and its application in some new reactions. The sp3 hybrid quaternary ammonium salt has a tetrahedral structure, which means that three sides of it can be effectively steric, allowing the remaining side to be close to the substrate. However, the sp2 hybrid ammonium salt allows the substrate to form ion pairs from both directions respectively, so it is a greater challenge to control the stereoselectivity of the reaction. Van der Waals forces, such as hydrogen bonds and π - π ${\pi -\pi }$ interactions, have been used to make electrophiles approach from a certain direction, leading to a higher enantioselectivity. Based on the above idea, we designed an N-sp2 hybrid phase-transfer catalyst, pentanidinium. Pentanidinium has five conjugated nitrogen atoms, one of which has a formal positive charge, which is necessary for it to become an ion pair catalyst. We have confirmed that pentanidinium can catalyze α-hydroxylation of 3-substituted-2-oxindoles, Michael addition of 3-alkyloxindoles with vinyl sulfone, and alkylation reactions of sulfenate anions and dihydrocoumarins, desymmetrization of pro-chiral sulfinate to afford enantioenriched sulfinate esters. Pentanidinium with side chain structure changes can also be catalyzed efficiently with enantioconvergent halogenophilic nucleophilic substitution, including azidation and thioesterification. In the reaction catalyzed by pentanidinium, it always attracts us with the advantages of low catalytic load and good enantioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimin Qin
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Zhenqiang Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Xinyi Ye
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Choon-Hong Tan
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
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12
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Organocatalytic asymmetric deoxygenation of sulfones to access chiral sulfinyl compounds. Nat Chem 2023; 15:185-193. [PMID: 36646894 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-022-01120-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decades, many efficient methodologies have been developed that allow for the enantioselective synthesis of chiral sulfinyl compounds. However, the enantioselective deoxygenation of hexavalent sulfones for the formation of chiral sulfinyl compounds still remains one of the major challenges in the fields of asymmetric synthesis and organosulfur chemistry. Here we have demonstrated that a synergistic combination of organocatalysis and the incorporation of a cyano group into the sulfone generates a chiral sulfinic species as an active intermediate. A wide range of chiral sulfinates with high enantioselectivities could then be acquired using alcohols as nucleophiles, and the subsequent transformations allowed the collective preparation of a variety of chiral sulfinyl compounds. Density functional theory calculations revealed that the catalytic cycle involves a quinuclidine-assisted stepwise 1,2-cyano group transfer, base-assisted intermolecular substitution with alcohol and regeneration of the active catalyst. The enantioselectivity was determined by the cyano migration step.
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Synthesis of chiral sulfinate esters by asymmetric condensation. Nature 2022; 604:298-303. [PMID: 35158370 PMCID: PMC8985065 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04524-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Achiral sulfur functional groups, such as sulfonamide, sulfone, thiol and thioether, are common in drugs and natural products. By contrast, chiral sulfur functional groups are often neglected as pharmacophores1–3, although sulfoximine, with its unique physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties4,5, has been recently incorporated into several clinical candidates. Thus, other sulfur stereogenic centres, such as sulfinate ester, sulfinamide, sulfonimidate ester and sulfonimidamide, have started to attract attention. The diversity and complexity of these sulfur stereogenic centres have the potential to expand the chemical space for drug discovery6–10. However, the installation of these structures enantioselectively into drug molecules is highly challenging. Here we report straightforward access to enantioenriched sulfinate esters via asymmetric condensation of prochiral sulfinates and alcohols using pentanidium as an organocatalyst. We successfully coupled a wide range of sulfinates and bioactive alcohols stereoselectively. The initial sulfinates can be prepared from existing sulfone and sulfonamide drugs, and the resulting sulfinate esters are versatile for transformations to diverse chiral sulfur pharmacophores. Through late-stage diversification11,12 of celecoxib and other drug derivatives, we demonstrate the viability of this unified approach towards sulfur stereogenic centres. A synthetic strategy for the stereoselective preparation of sulfinate esters and related sulfur stereogenic centres via asymmetric condensation expands the drug discovery toolbox for these compounds.
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