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Xing D, Liu J, Cai D, Huang B, Jiang H, Huang L. Cobalt-catalyzed cross-electrophile coupling of alkynyl sulfides with unactivated chlorosilanes. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4502. [PMID: 38802390 PMCID: PMC11130142 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48873-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Herein, we disclose a highly efficient cobalt-catalyzed cross-electrophile alkynylation of a broad range of unactivated chlorosilanes with alkynyl sulfides as a stable and practical alkynyl electrophiles. Strategically, employing easily synthesized alkynyl sulfides as alkynyl precursors allows access to various alkynylsilanes in good to excellent yields. Notably, this method avoids the utilization of strong bases, noble metal catalysts, high temperature and forcing reaction conditions, thus presenting apparent advantages, such as broad substrate scope (72 examples, up to 97% yield), high Csp-S chemo-selectivity and excellent functional group compatibility (Ar-X, X = Cl, Br, I, OTf, OTs). Moreover, the utilities of this method are also illustrated by downstream transformations and late-stage modification of structurally complex natural products and pharmaceuticals. Mechanistic studies elucidated that the cobalt catalyst initially reacted with alkynyl sulfides, and the activation of chlorosilanes occurred via an SN2 process instead of a radical pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghui Xing
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinlin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dingxin Cai
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huanfeng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liangbin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
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2
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Chang S, Guo C, Zhong RM, Lai YL, Guo H, Huang L. Synthesis of Tetrasubstituted Alkenes by Rhodium-Catalyzed Regioselective Cyano Transfer. Org Lett 2024; 26:3733-3738. [PMID: 38666737 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c00747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
We describe herein a novel, general, and robust approach to structurally diversified alkenyl nitriles through a Rh-catalyzed cyano transfer reaction between alkynyl-malononitrile derivatives and aryl/alkenyl boronic acids. This reaction exhibits high chemo- and regioselectivity and a broad substrate scope. The tetrasubstituted alkenyl dinitriles (34 examples, average 58% yield) are obtained through substrate tuning and ligand control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunqin Chang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Utilization and Conservation of Food and Medicinal Resources in Northern Region, Shaoguan University, 512005, Guangdong Province P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Chenxia Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Rui-Min Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Utilization and Conservation of Food and Medicinal Resources in Northern Region, Shaoguan University, 512005, Guangdong Province P. R. China
| | - Yin-Long Lai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Utilization and Conservation of Food and Medicinal Resources in Northern Region, Shaoguan University, 512005, Guangdong Province P. R. China
| | - Huishi Guo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Utilization and Conservation of Food and Medicinal Resources in Northern Region, Shaoguan University, 512005, Guangdong Province P. R. China
| | - Liangbin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
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3
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Gao MY, Gosmini C. Cobalt-Catalyzed Reductive Cross-Coupling To Construct Csp 3-Csp 3 Bonds via Csp 3-S and Csp 3-X Bonds Activation. Org Lett 2023; 25:7689-7693. [PMID: 37851934 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c02993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
A cross-electrophilic coupling of benzyl sulfonium salts with alkyl halides forming Csp3-Csp3 bonds is described by using a Co-based catalytic system. The activation of the stable Csp3-S bond of benzyl sulfonium salts under mild reaction conditions leads to various functionalized alkyl derivatives. Preliminary mechanistic studies suggest the involvement of alkyl radicals formed from both alkyl halides and benzyl sulfoniums through a single electron transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Yu Gao
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, CNRS Route de Saclay 91128 Palaiseau cedex, France
| | - Corinne Gosmini
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, CNRS Route de Saclay 91128 Palaiseau cedex, France
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Singer RA, Monfette S, Bernhardson D, Tcyrulnikov S, Hubbell AK, Hansen EC. Recent Advances in Nonprecious Metal Catalysis. Org Process Res Dev 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.2c00310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert A. Singer
- Pfizer Chemical Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Sebastien Monfette
- Pfizer Chemical Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - David Bernhardson
- Pfizer Chemical Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Sergei Tcyrulnikov
- Pfizer Chemical Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Aran K. Hubbell
- Pfizer Chemical Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Eric C. Hansen
- Pfizer Chemical Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
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Zheng P, Xu W, Wang H, Wang D, Wu X, Xu T. Deoxygenative Arylboration of Aldehydes via Copper and Nickel/Photoredox Catalysis. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c05043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Purui Zheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Wenhao Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Hepan Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Dong Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqiang Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Tao Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
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Enantioselective nickel-catalyzed dicarbofunctionalization of 3,3,3-trifluoropropene. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5539. [PMID: 36130927 PMCID: PMC9492779 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33159-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite paramount applications of chiral trifluoromethylated compounds in medicinal chemistry and materials science, limited strategies have been developed for catalytic asymmetric synthesis of such valuable fluorinated structures. Here, we report a nickel catalyzed enantioselective dicarbofunctionalization of inexpensive industrial chemical 3,3,3-trifluoropropene (TFP) with readily available tertiary alkyl and aryl iodides. The reaction overcomes the β-F elimination side reaction of TFP, and proceeds efficiently under mild reaction conditions. The protocol possesses advantages, such as synthetic convenience, high enantioselectivity, and excellent functional group tolerance, providing rapid and straightforward access to chiral trifluoromethylated compounds of medicinal interest. Strategies for the catalytic asymmetric synthesis of trifluoromethylated compounds remain scarce. Here, the authors report the nickel-catalyzed enantioselective dicarbofunctionalization of 3,3,3-trifluoropropene.
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Abstract
Transition-metal-catalyzed reductive coupling of electrophiles has emerged as a powerful tool for the construction of molecules. While major achievements have been made in the field of cross-couplings between organic halides and pseudohalides, an increasing number of reports demonstrates reactions involving more readily available, low-cost, and stable, but unreactive electrophiles. This account summarizes the recent results in our laboratory focusing on this topic. These findings typically include deoxygenative C-C coupling of alcohols, reductive alkylation of alkenyl acetates, reductive C-Si coupling of chlorosilanes, and reductive C-Ge coupling of chlorogermanes.The reductive deoxygenative coupling of alcohols with electrophiles is synthetically appealing, but the potential of this chemistry remains to be disclosed. Our initial study focused on the reaction of allylic alcohols and aryl bromides by the combination of nickel and Lewis acid catalysis. This method offers a selectivity that is opposite to that of the classic Tsuji-Trost reactions. Further investigation on the reaction of benzylic alcohols led to the foundation of a dynamic kinetic cross-coupling strategy with applications in the nickel-catalyzed reductive arylation of benzylic alcohols and cobalt-catalyzed enantiospecific reductive alkenylation of allylic alcohols. The titanium catalysis was later established to produce carbon radicals directly from unactivated tertiary alcohols via C-OH cleavage. The development of their coupling reactions with carbon fragments delivers new methods for the construction of all-carbon quaternary centers. These reactions have shown high selectivity for the functionalization of tertiary alcohols, leaving primary and secondary alcohols intact. Alkenyl acetates are inexpensive, stable, and environmentally friendly and are considered the most attractive alkenyl reagents. The development of reductive alkylation of alkenyl acetates with benzyl ammoniums and alkyl bromides offers mild approaches for the conversion of ketones into aliphatic alkenes.Extensive studies in this field have enabled us to extend the cross-electrophile coupling from carbon to silicon and germanium chemistry. These reactions harness the ready availability of chlorosilanes and chlorogermanes but suffer from the challenge of their low reactivity toward transition metals. Under reductive nickel catalysis, a broad range of alkenyl and aryl electrophiles couple well with vinyl- and hydrochlorosilanes. The use of alkyl halides as coupling partners led to the formation of functionalized alkylsilanes. The C-Ge coupling seems less substrate-dependent, and various common chlorogermanes couple well with aryl, alkenyl, and alkyl electrophiles. In general, functionalities such as Grignard-sensitive groups (e.g., acid, amide, alcohol, ketone, and ester), acid-sensitive groups (e.g., ketal and THP protection), alkyl fluoride and chloride, aryl bromide, alkyl tosylate and mesylate, silyl ether, and amine are tolerated. These methods provide new access to organosilicon and organogermanium compounds, some of which are challenging to obtain otherwise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, 222 South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou730000, China
| | - Pei-Feng Su
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, 222 South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou730000, China
| | - Xing-Zhong Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, 222 South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou730000, China
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Jia XG, Yao QW, Shu XZ. Enantioselective Reductive N-Cyclization-Alkylation Reaction of Alkene-Tethered Oxime Esters and Alkyl Iodides by Nickel Catalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:13461-13467. [PMID: 35877185 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c05523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Asymmetric cross-electrophile difunctionalization of tethered alkenes has become a powerful tool for the production of chiral cyclic scaffolds; however, the current studies all focus on carbocyclization reactions. Herein, we report an N-cyclization-alkylation reaction and thus showcase the potential of heterocyclization for accessing new enantioenriched cyclic architectures. This work establishes a new approach for enantioselective aza-Heck cyclization/cross-coupling sequence, which remains a long-standing unsolved challenge for the synthetic community. The reaction proceeds with primary, secondary, and a few tertiary alkyl iodides, and the use of newly defined ligands gave highly enantioenriched pyrrolines with improved molecular diversity under mild conditions. The presence of imine functionality allows for further structural variations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Gong Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, 222 South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Qi-Wei Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, 222 South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xing-Zhong Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, 222 South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou 730000, China
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Ye Y, Qi X, Xu B, Lin Y, Xiang H, Zou L, Ye XY, Xie T. Nickel-catalyzed cross-electrophile allylation of vinyl bromides and the modification of anti-tumour natural medicine β-elemene. Chem Sci 2022; 13:6959-6966. [PMID: 35774167 PMCID: PMC9200125 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc02054h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, we present a facile and efficient allylation method via Ni-catalyzed cross-electrophile coupling of readily available allylic acetates with a variety of substituted alkenyl bromides using zinc as the terminal reductant. This Ni-catalyzed modular approach displays excellent functional group tolerance and a broad substrate scope, which the creation of a series of 1,4-dienes including several structurally complex natural products and pharmaceutical motifs. Moreover, the coupling strategy has the potential to realize enantiomeric control. The practicality of this transformation is demonstrated through the potent modification of the naturally antitumor active molecule β-elemene. Herein, we present a facile and efficient allylation method via Ni-catalyzed cross-electrophile coupling of readily available allylic acetates with a variety of substituted alkenyl bromides using zinc as the terminal reductant.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Ye
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou Zhejiang 311121 PR China .,Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou Zhejiang 311121 PR China
| | - Xiang Qi
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou Zhejiang 311121 PR China .,Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou Zhejiang 311121 PR China
| | - Bing Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou Zhejiang 311121 PR China .,Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou Zhejiang 311121 PR China
| | - Ying Lin
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou Zhejiang 311121 PR China .,Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou Zhejiang 311121 PR China
| | - Huan Xiang
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou Zhejiang 311121 PR China .,Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou Zhejiang 311121 PR China
| | - Liang Zou
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou Zhejiang 311121 PR China .,Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou Zhejiang 311121 PR China
| | - Xiang-Yang Ye
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou Zhejiang 311121 PR China .,Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou Zhejiang 311121 PR China
| | - Tian Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou Zhejiang 311121 PR China .,Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou Zhejiang 311121 PR China
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Kuntze K, Viljakka J, Titov E, Ahmed Z, Kalenius E, Saalfrank P, Priimagi A. Towards low-energy-light-driven bistable photoswitches: ortho-fluoroaminoazobenzenes. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2021; 21:159-173. [PMID: 34888753 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-021-00145-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Thermally stable photoswitches that are driven with low-energy light are rare, yet crucial for extending the applicability of photoresponsive molecules and materials towards, e.g., living systems. Combined ortho-fluorination and -amination couples high visible light absorptivity of o-aminoazobenzenes with the extraordinary bistability of o-fluoroazobenzenes. Herein, we report a library of easily accessible o-aminofluoroazobenzenes and establish structure-property relationships regarding spectral qualities, visible light isomerization efficiency and thermal stability of the cis-isomer with respect to the degree of o-substitution and choice of amino substituent. We rationalize the experimental results with quantum chemical calculations, revealing the nature of low-lying excited states and providing insight into thermal isomerization. The synthesized azobenzenes absorb at up to 600 nm and their thermal cis-lifetimes range from milliseconds to months. The most unique example can be driven from trans to cis with any wavelength from UV up to 595 nm, while still exhibiting a thermal cis-lifetime of 81 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Kuntze
- Smart Photonic Materials, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, P.O. Box 541, 33101, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jani Viljakka
- Smart Photonic Materials, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, P.O. Box 541, 33101, Tampere, Finland
| | - Evgenii Titov
- Theoretical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.
| | - Zafar Ahmed
- Smart Photonic Materials, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, P.O. Box 541, 33101, Tampere, Finland
| | - Elina Kalenius
- Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, 40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Peter Saalfrank
- Theoretical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Arri Priimagi
- Smart Photonic Materials, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, P.O. Box 541, 33101, Tampere, Finland.
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