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A Mohamed W, Chakraborty J, Bourda L, Lavendomme R, Liu C, Morent R, De Geyter N, Van Hecke K, Kaczmarek AM, Van Der Voort P. Engineering Porosity and Functionality in a Robust Twofold Interpenetrated Bismuth-Based MOF: Toward a Porous, Stable, and Photoactive Material. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:13113-13125. [PMID: 38700843 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c14739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Defect engineering in metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) has gained worldwide research traction, as it offers tools to tune the properties of MOFs. Herein, we report a novel 2-fold interpenetrated Bi-based MOF made of a tritopic flexible organic linker, followed by missing-linker defect engineering. This procedure creates a gradually augmented micro- and mesoporosity in the parent (originally nonporous) network. The resulting MOFs can tolerate a remarkable extent of linker vacancy (with absence of up to 60% of linkers per Bi node) created by altering the crystal-growth rate as a function of synthesis temperature and duration. Owing to the enhanced porosity and availability of the uncoordinated Lewis acidic Bi sites, the defect-engineered MOFs manifested improved surface areas, augmented CO2 and water vapor uptake, and catalytic activity. Parallel to this, the impact of defect engineering on the optoelectronic properties of these MOFs has also been studied, offering avenues for new applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wafaa A Mohamed
- Center for Ordered Materials, Organometallics and Catalysis (COMOC), Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, Ghent 9000, Belgium
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt
| | - Jeet Chakraborty
- Center for Ordered Materials, Organometallics and Catalysis (COMOC), Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Laurens Bourda
- Center for Ordered Materials, Organometallics and Catalysis (COMOC), Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, Ghent 9000, Belgium
- XStruct, Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Roy Lavendomme
- Center for Ordered Materials, Organometallics and Catalysis (COMOC), Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, Ghent 9000, Belgium
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique (LCO), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue F. D. Roosevelt 50, CP160/06, Brussels B-1050, Belgium
| | - Chunhui Liu
- Center for Ordered Materials, Organometallics and Catalysis (COMOC), Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, Ghent 9000, Belgium
- NanoSensing, Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Rino Morent
- RUPT-Research Unit Plasma Technology, Department of Applied Physics, Ghent University, Sint-Pietersnieuwstraat 41-B4, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Nathalie De Geyter
- RUPT-Research Unit Plasma Technology, Department of Applied Physics, Ghent University, Sint-Pietersnieuwstraat 41-B4, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Kristof Van Hecke
- XStruct, Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Anna M Kaczmarek
- NanoSensing, Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Pascal Van Der Voort
- Center for Ordered Materials, Organometallics and Catalysis (COMOC), Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, Ghent 9000, Belgium
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Zhang S, Xiao J, Zhong G, Xu T, Zhang X. Design and application of dual-emission metal-organic framework-based ratiometric fluorescence sensors. Analyst 2024; 149:1381-1397. [PMID: 38312079 DOI: 10.1039/d3an02187d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are novel inorganic-organic hybridized crystals with a wide range of applications. In the last twenty years, fluorescence sensing based on MOFs has attracted much attention. MOFs can exhibit luminescence from metal nodes, ligands or introduced guests, which provides an excellent fluorescence response in sensing. However, single-signal emitting MOFs are susceptible to interference from concentration, environment, and excitation intensity, resulting in poor accuracy. To overcome the shortcomings, dual-emission MOF-based ratiometric fluorescence sensors have been proposed and rapidly developed. In this review, we first introduce the luminescence mechanisms, synthetic methods, and detection mechanisms of dual-emission MOFs, highlight the strategies for constructing ratiometric fluorescence sensors based on dual-emission MOFs, and classify them into three categories: intrinsic dual-emission and single-emission MOFs with luminescent guests, and non-emission MOFs with other luminescent materials. Then, we summarize the recent advances in dual-emission MOF-based ratiometric fluorescence sensors in various analytical industries. Finally, we discuss the current challenges and prospects for the future development of these sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxin Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Jingyu Xiao
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Geng Zhong
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Tailin Xu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Xueji Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
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Boivin L, Schlachter A, Fortin D, Harvey PD. Truxene-to-Fluorenone Energy Transfer in a Robust Mesoporous Zn-MOF. Inorg Chem 2023. [PMID: 38109694 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
A new metal-organic framework (MOF; [Zn4O(hett)4/3(fluo)1/2(bdc)1/2]n; TFT-MOF) constructed on chromophoric ligands 5,5',10,10',15,15'-hexaethyltruxene-2,7,12-triacetate (hett), 9-fluorenone-2,7-dicarboxylate (fluo), terephthalate (bdc), and the Zn4O node has been prepared and identified by powder X-ray diffraction. This luminescent MOF exhibits large mesoporous pores of 2.7 nm based on computer modeling using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence spectra and photophysical parameters of TFT-MOF have been investigated and compared with those of the free ligands and their basic chromophores. All in all, TFT-MOF exhibits particularly efficient singlet-singlet energy-transfer processes described as 1(hett)* → (fluo) and 1(bdc)* → (fluo), leading to fluorescence arising for the fluo lumophore operating only through Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) with an efficiency of transfer of up to >95%. This experimental conclusion was corroborated by DFT and time-dependent DFT (TDDFT). For the 1(hett)* → (fluo) process, the approximated overall rate constant of energy transfer was evaluated to be at most 2.04 × 1010 s-1 (using a Stern-Volmer approach of solution data and the relationship between distance and concentration). This process was analyzed using the Förster theory, where two intrapore energy transfer paths of center-to-center distances of 13 and 25 Å have been identified. TFT-MOF photosensitizes the formation of singlet oxygen (1O2 (1Σg)) as detected by its phosphorescence signal at 1275 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léo Boivin
- Département de Chimie, Université de Sherbrooke, Québec J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Adrien Schlachter
- Département de Chimie, Université de Sherbrooke, Québec J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Daniel Fortin
- Département de Chimie, Université de Sherbrooke, Québec J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Pierre D Harvey
- Département de Chimie, Université de Sherbrooke, Québec J1K 2R1, Canada
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