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Ning J, Du B, Cao S, Liu X, Kong D. Combining Umpolung and Carbon Isotope Exchange Strategies for Accessing Isotopically Labeled α-Keto Acids. Org Lett 2024; 26:5966-5971. [PMID: 38958587 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c01979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
The integration of umpolung and carbon isotope exchange for accessing isotopically labeled α-keto acids through photoredox catalysis is elucidated. This process involves the carbonyl umpolung of C(sp2)-α-keto acids to yield C(sp3)-α-thioketal acids, followed by the carbon isotope exchange of C(sp3)-α-thioketal acids, and ultimately, deprotection to generate carbon-labeled α-keto acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingran Ning
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Baoyang Du
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Shilong Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Duanyang Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
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2
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Feng M, Norlöff M, Guichard B, Kealey S, D'Anfray T, Thuéry P, Taran F, Gee A, Feuillastre S, Audisio D. Pyridine-based strategies towards nitrogen isotope exchange and multiple isotope incorporation. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6063. [PMID: 39025881 PMCID: PMC11258231 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50139-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Isotopic labeling is at the core of health and life science applications such as nuclear imaging, metabolomics and plays a central role in drug development. The rapid access to isotopically labeled organic molecules is a sine qua non condition to support these societally vital areas of research. Based on a rationally driven approach, this study presents an innovative solution to access labeled pyridines by a nitrogen isotope exchange reaction based on a Zincke activation strategy. The technology conceptualizes an opportunity in the field of isotope labeling. 15N-labeling of pyridines and other relevant heterocycles such as pyrimidines and isoquinolines showcases on a large set of derivatives, including pharmaceuticals. Finally, we explore a nitrogen-to-carbon exchange strategy in order to access 13C-labeled phenyl derivatives and deuterium labeling of mono-substituted benzene from pyridine-2H5. These results open alternative avenues for multiple isotope labeling on aromatic cores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghao Feng
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Service de Chimie Bio-organique et Marquage, DMTS, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Maylis Norlöff
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Service de Chimie Bio-organique et Marquage, DMTS, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Benoit Guichard
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Service de Chimie Bio-organique et Marquage, DMTS, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Steven Kealey
- King's College London, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, Department of Imaging Chemistry and Biology, 4th Floor Lambeth Wing, St Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Timothée D'Anfray
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Service de Chimie Bio-organique et Marquage, DMTS, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Pierre Thuéry
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, NIMBE, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Frédéric Taran
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Service de Chimie Bio-organique et Marquage, DMTS, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Antony Gee
- King's College London, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, Department of Imaging Chemistry and Biology, 4th Floor Lambeth Wing, St Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Sophie Feuillastre
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Service de Chimie Bio-organique et Marquage, DMTS, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Davide Audisio
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Service de Chimie Bio-organique et Marquage, DMTS, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
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3
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Doyle MGJ, Bsharat O, Sib A, Derdau V, Lundgren RJ. Enantioselective Carbon Isotope Exchange. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:18804-18810. [PMID: 38968381 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c03685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
The synthesis of isotopically labeled organic molecules is vital for drug and agrochemical discovery and development. Carbon isotope exchange is emerging as a leading method to generate carbon-labeled targets, which are sought over hydrogen-based labels due to their enhanced stability in biological systems. While many bioactive small molecules bear carbon-containing stereocenters, direct enantioselective carbon isotope exchange reactions have not been established. We describe the first example of an enantioselective carbon isotope exchange reaction, where (radio)labeled α-amino acids can be generated from their unlabeled precursors using a stoichiometric chiral aldehyde receptor with isotopically labeled CO2 followed by imine hydrolysis. Many proteinogenic and non-natural derivatives undergo enantioselective labeling, including the late-stage radiolabeling of complex drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael G J Doyle
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
- Integrated Drug Discovery, Isotope Chemistry, R&D, Sanofi Germany, Industriepark Höchst, 65926 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Odey Bsharat
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Anna Sib
- Integrated Drug Discovery, Isotope Chemistry, R&D, Sanofi Germany, Industriepark Höchst, 65926 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Volker Derdau
- Integrated Drug Discovery, Isotope Chemistry, R&D, Sanofi Germany, Industriepark Höchst, 65926 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Rylan J Lundgren
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
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4
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Doyle MGJ, Mair BA, Sib A, Bsharat O, Munch M, Derdau V, Rotstein BH, Lundgren RJ. A practical guide for the preparation of C1-labeled α-amino acids using aldehyde catalysis with isotopically labeled CO 2. Nat Protoc 2024; 19:2147-2179. [PMID: 38548937 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-024-00974-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Isotopically carbon-labeled α-amino acids are valuable synthetic targets that are increasingly needed in pharmacology and medical imaging. Existing preparations rely on early stage introduction of the isotopic label, which leads to prohibitive synthetic costs and time-intensive preparations. Here we describe a protocol for the preparation of C1-labeled α-amino acids using simple aldehyde catalysts in conjunction with [*C]CO2 (* = 14, 13, 11). This late-stage labeling strategy is enabled by the one-pot carboxylate exchange of unprotected α-amino acids with [*C]CO2. The protocol consists of three separate procedures, describing the syntheses of (±)-[1-13C]phenylalanine, (±)-[1-11C]phenylalanine and (±)-[1-14C]phenylalanine from unlabeled phenylalanine. Although the delivery of [*C]CO2 is operationally distinct for each experiment, each procedure relies on the same fundamental chemistry and can be executed by heating the reaction components at 50-90 °C under basic conditions in dimethylsulfoxide. Performed on scales of up to 0.5 mmol, this methodology is amenable to C1-labeling of many proteinogenic α-amino acids and nonnatural derivatives, which is a breakthrough from existing methods. The synthesis of (±)-[1-13C]phenylalanine requires ~2 d, with product typically obtained in a 60-80% isolated yield (n = 3, μ = 71, σ = 8.3) with an isotopic incorporation of 70-88% (n = 18, μ = 72, σ = 9.0). Starting from the preformed imino acid (~3 h preparation time), rapid synthesis of (±)-[1-11C]phenylalanine can be completed in ~1 h with an isolated radiochemical yield of 13%. Finally, (±)-[1-14C]phenylalanine can be accessed in ~2 d with a 51% isolated yield and 11% radiochemical yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael G J Doyle
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Braeden A Mair
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology and Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anna Sib
- Sanofi Germany, R&D, Integrated Drug Discovery, Isotope Chemistry, Industriepark Höchst, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Odey Bsharat
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Maxime Munch
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology and Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Volker Derdau
- Sanofi Germany, R&D, Integrated Drug Discovery, Isotope Chemistry, Industriepark Höchst, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Benjamin H Rotstein
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology and Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Rylan J Lundgren
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
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5
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Mouhsine B, Norlöff M, Ghouilem J, Sallustrau A, Taran F, Audisio D. Platform for Multiple Isotope Labeling via Carbon-Sulfur Bond Exchange. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:8343-8351. [PMID: 38498972 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c14106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
In this work, we explore a nickel-catalyzed reversible carbon-sulfur (C-S) bond activation strategy to achieve selective sulfur isotope exchange. Isotopes are at the foundation of applications in life science, such as nuclear imaging, and are essential tools for the determination of pharmacokinetic and dynamic profiles of new pharmaceuticals. However, the insertion of an isotope into an organic molecule remains challenging, and current technologies are element-specific. Despite the ubiquitous presence of sulfur in many biologically active molecules, sulfur isotope labeling is an underexplored field, and sulfur isotope exchange has been overlooked. This approach enables us to move beyond standardized element-specific procedures and was applied to multiple isotopes, including deuterium, carbon-13, sulfur-34, and radioactive carbon-14. These results provide a unique platform for multiple isotope labeling and are compatible with a wide range of substrates, including pharmaceuticals. In addition, this technology proved its potential as an isotopic encryption device for organic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bouchaib Mouhsine
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Service de Chimie Bio-organique et Marquage, DMTS, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Maylis Norlöff
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Service de Chimie Bio-organique et Marquage, DMTS, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Juba Ghouilem
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Service de Chimie Bio-organique et Marquage, DMTS, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Antoine Sallustrau
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Service de Chimie Bio-organique et Marquage, DMTS, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Frédéric Taran
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Service de Chimie Bio-organique et Marquage, DMTS, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Davide Audisio
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Service de Chimie Bio-organique et Marquage, DMTS, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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6
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Nguyen HMH, Thomas DC, Hart MA, Steenback KR, Levy JN, McNally A. Synthesis of 15N-Pyridines and Higher Mass Isotopologs via Zincke Imine Intermediates. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:2944-2949. [PMID: 38227776 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c12445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Methods to incorporate stable radioisotopes are integral to pharmaceutical and agrochemical development. However, despite the prevalence of pyridines in candidate compounds, methods to incorporate 15N atoms within their structures are limited. Here, we present a general approach to pyridine 15N-labeling that proceeds via ring-opening to NTf-Zincke imines and then ring-closure with commercially available 15NH4Cl salts. This process functions on a range of substituted pyridines, from simple building block-type compounds to late-stage labeling of complex pharmaceuticals, and 15N-incorporation is >95% in most cases. The reactivity of the Zincke imine intermediates also enables deuteration of the pyridine C3- and C5-positions, resulting in higher mass isotopologs required for LCMS analysis of biological fluids during drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hillary M H Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - David C Thomas
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Marie A Hart
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Kaila R Steenback
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Jeffrey N Levy
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Andrew McNally
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
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7
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Li S, Qian C, Wu XN, Zhou S. Carbon-Atom Exchange between [MC 2] + (M = Os and Ir) and Methane: on the Thermodynamic and Dynamic Aspects. J Phys Chem A 2024; 128:792-798. [PMID: 38239066 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c07961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Gas-phase reactions of [OsC2]+ and [IrC2]+ with methane at ambient temperature have been studied using quadrupole-ion trap mass spectrometry combined with quantum chemical calculations. Both [OsC2]+ and [IrC2]+ undergo carbon-atom exchange reactions with methane. The associated mechanisms for the two systems are found to be similar. The differences in the rates of carbon isotope exchange reactions of methane with [MC2]+ (M = Os and Ir) are explained by several factors like the energy barrier for the initial H3C-H bond breaking processes, the molecular dynamics, orbital interactions, and the H-binding energies of the pivotal steps. Besides, the number of participating valence orbitals might be one of the keys to regulate the rate in the key step. The present findings may provide useful ideas and inspiration for designing similar processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihan Li
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Innovation Center of Advanced Chemicals Technology, Institute of Zhejiang University - Quzhou, Quzhou 324000, P.R. China
| | - Chao Qian
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Innovation Center of Advanced Chemicals Technology, Institute of Zhejiang University - Quzhou, Quzhou 324000, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Nan Wu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Shaodong Zhou
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Innovation Center of Advanced Chemicals Technology, Institute of Zhejiang University - Quzhou, Quzhou 324000, P.R. China
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8
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Derdau V, Elmore CS, Hartung T, McKillican B, Mejuch T, Rosenbaum C, Wiebe C. The Future of (Radio)-Labeled Compounds in Research and Development within the Life Science Industry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202306019. [PMID: 37610759 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202306019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
In this review the applications of isotopically labeled compounds are discussed and put into the context of their future impact in the life sciences. Especially discussing their use in the pharma and crop science industries to follow their fate in the environment, in vivo or in complex matrices to understand the potential harm of new chemical structures and to increase the safety of human society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volker Derdau
- Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, Research & Development, Integrated Drug Discovery, Isotope Chemistry, Industriepark Höchst, G876, 65926, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Charles S Elmore
- Early Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Thomas Hartung
- Pharma Research and Early Development, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Bruce McKillican
- Syngenta Crop Protection, LLC, North America Product Safety (retired), USA
| | - Tom Mejuch
- BASF SE, Agricultural Solutions, Ludwigshafen, Germany
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9
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Malandain A, Molins M, Hauwelle A, Talbot A, Loreau O, D'Anfray T, Goutal S, Tournier N, Taran F, Caillé F, Audisio D. Carbon Dioxide Radical Anion by Photoinduced Equilibration between Formate Salts and [ 11C, 13C, 14C]CO 2: Application to Carbon Isotope Radiolabeling. J Am Chem Soc 2023. [PMID: 37486080 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c04679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
The need for carbon-labeled radiotracers is increasingly higher in drug discovery and development (carbon-14, β-, t1/2 = 5730 years) as well as in positron emission tomography (PET) for in vivo molecular imaging applications (carbon-11, β+, t1/2 = 20.4 min). However, the structural diversity of radiotracers is still systematically driven by the narrow available labeled sources and methodologies. In this context, the emergence of carbon dioxide radical anion chemistry might set forth potential unexplored opportunities. Based on a dynamic isotopic equilibration between formate salts and [13C, 14C, 11C]CO2, C-labeled radical anion CO2•- could be accessed under extremely mild conditions within seconds. This methodology was successfully applied to hydrocarboxylation and dicarboxylation reactions in late-stage carbon isotope labeling of pharmaceutically relevant compounds. The relevance of the method in applied radiochemistry was showcased by the whole-body PET biodistribution profile of [11C]oxaprozin in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Augustin Malandain
- Service de Chimie Bio-organique et Marquage, DMTS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Maxime Molins
- Service de Chimie Bio-organique et Marquage, DMTS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Alexandre Hauwelle
- Service de Chimie Bio-organique et Marquage, DMTS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Laboratoire d'Imagerie Biomédicale Multimodale Paris-Saclay (BioMaps), Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CNRS, CEA, F-91401 Orsay, France
| | - Alex Talbot
- Service de Chimie Bio-organique et Marquage, DMTS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Olivier Loreau
- Service de Chimie Bio-organique et Marquage, DMTS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Timothée D'Anfray
- Service de Chimie Bio-organique et Marquage, DMTS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Sébastien Goutal
- Laboratoire d'Imagerie Biomédicale Multimodale Paris-Saclay (BioMaps), Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CNRS, CEA, F-91401 Orsay, France
| | - Nicolas Tournier
- Laboratoire d'Imagerie Biomédicale Multimodale Paris-Saclay (BioMaps), Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CNRS, CEA, F-91401 Orsay, France
| | - Frédéric Taran
- Service de Chimie Bio-organique et Marquage, DMTS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Fabien Caillé
- Laboratoire d'Imagerie Biomédicale Multimodale Paris-Saclay (BioMaps), Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CNRS, CEA, F-91401 Orsay, France
| | - Davide Audisio
- Service de Chimie Bio-organique et Marquage, DMTS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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10
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Monticelli S, Talbot A, Gotico P, Caillé F, Loreau O, Del Vecchio A, Malandain A, Sallustrau A, Leibl W, Aukauloo A, Taran F, Halime Z, Audisio D. Unlocking full and fast conversion in photocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction for applications in radio-carbonylation. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4451. [PMID: 37488106 PMCID: PMC10366225 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40136-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Harvesting sunlight to drive carbon dioxide (CO2) valorisation represents an ideal concept to support a sustainable and carbon-neutral economy. While the photochemical reduction of CO2 to carbon monoxide (CO) has emerged as a hot research topic, the full CO2-to-CO conversion remains an often-overlooked criterion that prevents a productive and direct valorisation of CO into high-value-added chemicals. Herein, we report a photocatalytic process that unlocks full and fast CO2-to-CO conversion (<10 min) and its straightforward valorisation into human health related field of radiochemistry with carbon isotopes. Guided by reaction-model-based kinetic simulations to rationalize reaction optimisations, this manifold opens new opportunities for the direct access to 11C- and 14C-labeled pharmaceuticals from their primary isotopic sources [11C]CO2 and [14C]CO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Monticelli
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Service de Chimie Bio-organique et Marquage, DMTS, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Alex Talbot
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Service de Chimie Bio-organique et Marquage, DMTS, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Philipp Gotico
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Fabien Caillé
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CNRS, CEA, Laboratoire d'Imagerie Biomédicale Multimodale Paris-Saclay (BioMaps), F-91401, Orsay, France
| | - Olivier Loreau
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Service de Chimie Bio-organique et Marquage, DMTS, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Antonio Del Vecchio
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Service de Chimie Bio-organique et Marquage, DMTS, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Augustin Malandain
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Service de Chimie Bio-organique et Marquage, DMTS, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Antoine Sallustrau
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Service de Chimie Bio-organique et Marquage, DMTS, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Winfried Leibl
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Ally Aukauloo
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de chimie moléculaire et des matériaux d'Orsay, F-91400,, Orsay, France
| | - Frédéric Taran
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Service de Chimie Bio-organique et Marquage, DMTS, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Zakaria Halime
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de chimie moléculaire et des matériaux d'Orsay, F-91400,, Orsay, France.
| | - Davide Audisio
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Service de Chimie Bio-organique et Marquage, DMTS, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
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