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Aboonajmi J, Mohammadi M, Panahi F, Aberi M, Sharghi H. One-pot, three-component, iron-catalyzed synthesis of benzimidazoles via domino C-N bond formation. RSC Adv 2023; 13:24789-24794. [PMID: 37608969 PMCID: PMC10440634 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra04450e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
An efficient one-pot, three-component process for the synthesis of benzimidazole derivatives using a catalytic amount of Fe(iii) porphyrin has been developed. The reaction proceeds via domino C-N bond formation and cyclization reactions of benzo-1,2-quinone, aldehydes and ammonium acetate as a nitrogen source to selectively produce benzimidazole. A number of benzimidazole derivatives have been synthesized using this method in high yields under mild reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasem Aboonajmi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shiraz University Shiraz 71454 Iran +98 7132280926 +98 7136137136
| | - Masoumeh Mohammadi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shiraz University Shiraz 71454 Iran +98 7132280926 +98 7136137136
| | - Farhad Panahi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shiraz University Shiraz 71454 Iran +98 7132280926 +98 7136137136
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg Albertstraße 21 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau Germany
| | - Mahdi Aberi
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Shahid Rajaee, Technical and Vocational University (TVU) Shiraz Branch Shiraz Iran
| | - Hashem Sharghi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shiraz University Shiraz 71454 Iran +98 7132280926 +98 7136137136
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Saini P, Kumar K, Sethi M, Saini S, Nag P, Meena ML, Rathore KS, Dandia A, Vennapusa SR, Lin SD, Weigand W, Parewa V. Photosensitized Radical-Anion-Driven Metal-Free Selective Reduction of Aldehydes Using Graphene Oxide as an Electron Relay Mediator under Visible Light. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:6970-6981. [PMID: 36701196 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c21235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Despite the modern boost, developing a new photocatalytic system for the reduction of aldehydes is still challenging due to their high negative reduction potential. Herein, we have used a metal-free photoinduced electron-transfer system based on a cheap and readily available organic dye eosin Y (EY), graphene oxide (GO), and ammonium oxalate (AO) for photocatalytic reduction of structurally diverse aldehydes under sustainable conditions. The protocol shows remarkable selectivity for the photocatalytic reduction of aldehydes over ketones. The decisive interaction of GO and AO with the various states of EY (ground, singlet, triplet, and radical anions), which are responsible for the commencement of the reaction, was examined by various theoretical, optical, electrochemical, and photo-electrochemical studies. The synergetic system of GO, EY, and AO is appropriate for enhancing the separation efficiency of visible-light-induced charge carriers. GO nanosheets act as an electron reservoir to accept and transport photogenerated electrons from the photocatalytic system to the reactant. The reduction of the GO during the process ruled out the back transfer of photoexcited charges. Control experiments explained that the reaction involves two stages: electron transfer and protonation. This process eliminates the necessity of precious-metal-based photocatalysts or detrimental sacrificial agents and overcomes the redox potential limitations for the photoreduction of aldehydes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratibha Saini
- Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
- Institute Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldt Street 8, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Krishan Kumar
- Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - Mukul Sethi
- Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - Surendra Saini
- Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - Probal Nag
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Maruthamala PO, Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram 695551, India
| | - Mohan Lal Meena
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Kuldeep S Rathore
- Department of Physics, Arya College of Engineering and IT, Jaipur 302028, India
| | - Anshu Dandia
- Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - Sivaranjana Reddy Vennapusa
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Maruthamala PO, Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram 695551, India
| | - Shawn D Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Wolfgang Weigand
- Institute Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldt Street 8, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Vijay Parewa
- Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
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Dandia A, Parihar S, Kumar K, Saini S, Parewa V. Carbocatalysis: a metal free green avenue towards carbon–carbon/heteroatom bond construction. PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2022-0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Indeed, all the heterocycles comprises of either “C–C, C–N, C–S or C–O” bonds in their skeleton and construction of these bonds has laid the foundation stone of organic chemistry. The present researchers are continually attempting to develop new strategies for synthesizing miscellaneous structurally divergent molecular entities and these bond forming reactions are the fundamental tools. As a consequence, a colossal upheaval is witnessed in development of benign and sustainable synthetic routes for green bond-forming reactions envisaging carbon–carbon/heteroatom. This chapter is aimed towards highlighting the recent developments perceived in “C–C, C–N, C–S or C–O” bondconstruction especially emphasising greener perspectives i.e. carbocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anshu Dandia
- Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan , Jaipur , India
| | - Sonam Parihar
- Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan , Jaipur , India
| | - Krishan Kumar
- Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan , Jaipur , India
| | - Surendra Saini
- Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan , Jaipur , India
| | - Vijay Parewa
- Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan , Jaipur , India
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Dandia A, Mahawar DK, Saini P, Saini S, Gupta SL, Rathore KS, Parewa V. Site-specific role of bifunctional graphitic carbon nitride catalyst for the sustainable synthesis of 3,3-spirocyclic oxindoles in aqueous media. RSC Adv 2021; 11:28452-28465. [PMID: 35478581 PMCID: PMC9038049 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra03881h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Functionalized graphitic carbon nitride (Sg-C3N4) has been manufactured and used as a reusable catalyst for the one-pot production of various spiro-pyrano chromenes and spiro indole-3,1′-naphthalene tetracyclic systems in aqueous media. An ultrasound-assisted method has been used for the functionalization of g-C3N4. The catalytic functionalities and the structural integrity of the catalyst were characterized via different analytical tools. The catalytic site-specific role of Sg-C3N4 was confirmed via various control experiments in one-pot reaction sequences. We recognized that Sg-C3N4 acts as a bifunctional acid–base catalyst for the first reaction sequence whereas it is an acidic catalyst for the second reaction sequence during the one-pot production of various spiro-pyrano chromenes. In addition, the bifunctional acid–base catalytic role of Sg-C3N4 has been confirmed for the first reaction sequence whereas it has a basic catalytic role for the second reaction sequence during the one-pot production of spiro indole-3,1′-naphthalene tetracyclic systems. Diverse C–C, C–O, and C–N bonds, six-membered cycles, stereogenic centers, and spiro frameworks were formed in a single reaction, enhancing the biocidal profile and possibly resulting in the discovery of new medicinal properties. The mild reaction environment, simple workup, easy separation, low cost, heterogeneity, and recyclability of Sg-C3N4 are some rewards of this approach. Functionalized graphitic carbon nitride (Sg-C3N4) has been manufactured and used as a reusable catalyst for the one-pot production of various spiro-pyrano chromenes and spiro indole-3,1′-naphthalene tetracyclic systems in aqueous media.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Anshu Dandia
- Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan Jaipur India
| | - Dinesh Kumar Mahawar
- Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan Jaipur India
| | - Pratibha Saini
- Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan Jaipur India
| | - Surendra Saini
- Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan Jaipur India
| | - Shyam L Gupta
- Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan Jaipur India .,Government Polytechnic College Near Itarana Fly Over, Kalimori Alwar Rajasthan 301001 India
| | - Kuldeep S Rathore
- Department of Physics, Arya College of Engineering and IT Jaipur India
| | - Vijay Parewa
- Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan Jaipur India
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Dandia A, Sharma R, Saini P, Badgoti RS, Rathore KS, Parewa V. The graphite-catalyzed ipso-functionalization of arylboronic acids in an aqueous medium: metal-free access to phenols, anilines, nitroarenes, and haloarenes. RSC Adv 2021; 11:18040-18049. [PMID: 35480165 PMCID: PMC9033238 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra01940f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
An efficient, metal-free, and sustainable strategy has been described for the ipso-functionalization of phenylboronic acids using air as an oxidant in an aqueous medium. A range of carbon materials has been tested as carbocatalysts. To our surprise, graphite was found to be the best catalyst in terms of the turnover frequency. A broad range of valuable substituted aromatic compounds, i.e., phenols, anilines, nitroarenes, and haloarenes, has been prepared via the functionalization of the C-B bond into C-N, C-O, and many other C-X bonds. The vital role of the aromatic π-conjugation system of graphite in this protocol has been established and was observed via numerous analytic techniques. The heterogeneous nature of graphite facilitates the high recyclability of the carbocatalyst. This effective and easy system provides a multipurpose approach for the production of valuable substituted aromatic compounds without using any metals, ligands, bases, or harsh oxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anshu Dandia
- Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan Jaipur India
| | - Ruchi Sharma
- Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan Jaipur India
| | - Pratibha Saini
- Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan Jaipur India
| | - Ranveer Singh Badgoti
- Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan Jaipur India
| | - Kuldeep S Rathore
- Department of Physics, Arya College of Engineering and IT Jaipur India
| | - Vijay Parewa
- Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan Jaipur India
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Shi TT, Wang SZ, Yang Z, Wang Y, Liu C, He W, Fang Z, Guo K. Enzymatic electrochemical continuous flow cascade synthesis of substituted benzimidazoles. REACT CHEM ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1re00058f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
An industrially practical method for the synthesis of substituted benzimidazoles was developed from an enzymatic electrochemical cascade method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Ting Shi
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 211816
- P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Shu-Zhan Wang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 211816
- P. R. China
| | - Zhao Yang
- School of Engineering
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 211198
- China
| | - Yilin Wang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 211816
- P. R. China
| | - Chengkou Liu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 211816
- P. R. China
| | - Wei He
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 211816
- P. R. China
| | - Zheng Fang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 211816
- P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering
| | - Kai Guo
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 211816
- P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering
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Shi T, Zhang Z, Yang Y, Yang Z, He W, Liu C, Fang Z, Guo K. Two-step continuous flow synthesis of amide via oxidative amidation of methylarene. Tetrahedron 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2020.131044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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