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Abdou MM, Abbas DM, Ismail EA, Zahran A, Abu-Rayyan A, Bahtiti NH, Ragab AH, Alshwyeh HA, Hassan AA, Soliman AGA. Phenol-Formaldehyde/Pyrazole Composite: Synthesis, Characterization, and Evaluation of its Chromate Removal Efficiency. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:10090-10098. [PMID: 38463304 PMCID: PMC10918667 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c05432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we report the successful synthesis of a phenol-formaldehyde-pyrazole (PF-PYZ) compound through the surface functionalization of phenol-formaldehyde (PF) with pyrazole (PYZ). The resulting mixture was subjected to comprehensive characterization using a range of analytical techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The newly synthesized PF-PYZ material effectively removes Cr(VI) ions. Notably, a substantial elimination efficiency of 96% was achieved after just 60 min of contact time. The strategic incorporation of pyrazole (PYZ) as the principal functionalizing agent contributed to this exceptional performance. Notably, the functionalized PYZ sites were strategically positioned on the surface of PF, rendering them readily accessible to metal ions. Through rigorous testing, the optimal sorption capacity of PF-PYZ for Cr(VI) ions was quantified at 0.872 mmol Cr(VI)/g, highlighting the material's superior adsorption capabilities. The practical utility of PF-PYZ was further established through a reusability test, which demonstrated that the chromate capacity remained remarkably stable at 0.724 mequiv Cr(VI)/g over 20 consecutive cycles. This resilience underscores the robustness of the resin, indicating its potential for repeated regeneration and reuse without a significant capacity loss. Our work presents a novel approach to functionalizing phenol-formaldehyde with pyrazole, creating PF-PYZ, a highly efficient material for removing Cr(VI) ions. The compound's facile synthesis, exceptional removal performance, and excellent reusability collectively underscore its promising potential for various water treatments, especially oil field and environmental remediation applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moaz M. Abdou
- Egyptian
Petroleum Research Institute, Nasr City, 11727 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dalia M. Abbas
- Egyptian
Petroleum Research Institute, Nasr City, 11727 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Enas Arafa Ismail
- Egyptian
Petroleum Research Institute, Nasr City, 11727 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Zahran
- Egyptian
Petroleum Research Institute, Nasr City, 11727 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Abu-Rayyan
- Faculty
of Science, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan
| | - Nawal H. Bahtiti
- Faculty
of Science, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan
| | - Ahmed H. Ragab
- Chemistry
Department, College of Science, King Khalid
University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussah A. Alshwyeh
- Department
of Biology, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman
Bin Faisal University, 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
- Basic
& Applied Scientific Research Center (BASRC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abeer A. Hassan
- Chemistry
Department, College of Science, King Khalid
University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
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Vithalani RS, Modi CK, Sharma V, Jha PK, Srivastava H. DFT assisted study on activation of surface acidic –COOH debris in graphene oxide supported catalyst for benzyl alcohol oxidation. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Azarudeen RS, Riswan Ahamed MA, Thirumarimurugan M, Prabu N, Jeyakumar D. Synthetic functionalized terpolymeric resin for the removal of hazardous metal ions: synthesis, characterization and batch separation analysis. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.3626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raja S. Azarudeen
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Coimbatore Institute of Technology; Coimbatore Tamil Nadu 641 014 India
| | - Mohamed A. Riswan Ahamed
- Department of Chemistry; Sri Ranganathar Institute of Engineering and Technology; Coimbatore 641 110 India
| | - M. Thirumarimurugan
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Coimbatore Institute of Technology; Coimbatore Tamil Nadu 641 014 India
| | - N. Prabu
- Functional Materials Division; Central Electrochemical Research Institute; Karaikudi Tamil Nadu 630 006 India
| | - D. Jeyakumar
- Functional Materials Division; Central Electrochemical Research Institute; Karaikudi Tamil Nadu 630 006 India
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Abou-El-Sherbini K, Nour MA, Soliman AEG, Elmorsy SS. Synthesis of a novolac-based 3-aminopropylsiloxane resin and its application for the removal of Cu 2+, Cr 3+, and Ni 2+from electroplating wastewater. J Appl Polym Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/app.40993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohamed A. Nour
- Chemical Metrology Division; National Institute for Standards (NIS); Egypt
| | - Abd-El-Ghany Soliman
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Science; Mansoura University; Mansoura Egypt
| | - Saad S. Elmorsy
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Science; Mansoura University; Mansoura Egypt
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Yan X, Sun W. Synthesis and metal ion adsorption studies of chelating resins derived from macroporous glycidyl methacrylate-divinylbenzene copolymer beads anchored schiff bases. J Appl Polym Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/app.31482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Charef N, Arrar L, Ourari A, Zalloum RM, Mubarak MS. Synthesis and Chelating Properties of Polystyrene Supported Schiff Base (N,N′-disalicylidenepropylenetriamine) Resin Toward Some Divalent Metal Ions. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/10601320903458796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Nishat N, Haq MM, Ahamad T, Kumar V. Synthesis, spectral and antimicrobial studies of a novel macrocyclic ligand containing a piperazine moiety and its binuclear metal complexes. J COORD CHEM 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/00958970600791400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Nishat
- a Department of Chemistry , Jamia Millia Islamia , New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - M. M. Haq
- a Department of Chemistry , Jamia Millia Islamia , New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Tansir Ahamad
- a Department of Chemistry , Jamia Millia Islamia , New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Vikrant Kumar
- a Department of Chemistry , Jamia Millia Islamia , New Delhi, 110025, India
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