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Recombinant Spider Silk Fiber with High Dimensional Stability in Water and Its NMR Characterization. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27238479. [PMID: 36500566 PMCID: PMC9739919 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Spider dragline silk has unique characteristics of strength and extensibility, including supercontraction. When we use it as a biomaterial or material for textiles, it is important to suppress the effect of water on the fiber by as much as possible in order to maintain dimensional stability. In order to produce spider silk with a highly hydrophobic character, based on the sequence of ADF-3 silk, we produced recombinant silk (RSSP(VLI)) where all QQ sequences were replaced by VL, while single Q was replaced by I. The artificial RSSP(VLI) fiber was prepared using formic acid as the spinning solvent and methanol as the coagulant solvent. The dimensional stability and water absorption experiments of the fiber were performed for eight kinds of silk fiber. RSSP(VLI) fiber showed high dimensional stability, which is suitable for textiles. A remarkable decrease in the motion of the fiber in water was made evident by 13C solid-state NMR. This study using 13C solid-state NMR is the first trial to put spider silk to practical use and provide information regarding the molecular design of new recombinant spider silk materials with high dimensional stability in water, allowing recombinant spider silk proteins to be used in next-generation biomaterials and materials for textiles.
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Holland C, Hawkins N, Frydrych M, Laity P, Porter D, Vollrath F. Differential Scanning Calorimetry of Native Silk Feedstock. Macromol Biosci 2018; 19:e1800228. [PMID: 30411857 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201800228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Native silk proteins, extracted directly from the silk gland prior to spinning, offer access to a naturally hydrated protein that has undergone little to no processing. Combined with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), it is possible to probe the thermal stability and hydration status of silk and thus investigate its denaturation and solidification, echoing that of the natural spinning process. It is found that native silk is stable between -10 °C and 55 °C, and both the high-temperature enthalpy of denaturation (measured via modulated temperature DSC) and a newly reported low-temperature ice-melting transition may serve as useful quality indicators in the future for artificial silks. Finally, compared to albumin, silk's denaturation enthalpy is much lower than expected, which is interpreted within a recently proposed entropic desolvation framework which can serve to unveil the low-energy aquamelt processing pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Holland
- Natural Materials Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sir Robert Hadfield Building, Mappin Street, Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK
| | - Nicholas Hawkins
- N. Hawkins, Dr. M. Frydrych, Dr. D. Porter, Prof. F. Vollrath, The Oxford Silk Group, Department of Zoology, Tinbergen Building, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PS, UK
| | - Martin Frydrych
- N. Hawkins, Dr. M. Frydrych, Dr. D. Porter, Prof. F. Vollrath, The Oxford Silk Group, Department of Zoology, Tinbergen Building, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PS, UK
| | - Peter Laity
- Natural Materials Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sir Robert Hadfield Building, Mappin Street, Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK
| | - David Porter
- N. Hawkins, Dr. M. Frydrych, Dr. D. Porter, Prof. F. Vollrath, The Oxford Silk Group, Department of Zoology, Tinbergen Building, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PS, UK
| | - Fritz Vollrath
- N. Hawkins, Dr. M. Frydrych, Dr. D. Porter, Prof. F. Vollrath, The Oxford Silk Group, Department of Zoology, Tinbergen Building, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PS, UK
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Modification of proteins and polysaccharides using dodecenyl succinic anhydride: Synthesis, properties and applications-A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 107:2224-2233. [PMID: 29051094 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.10.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Proteins and polysaccharides are among the biopolymers produced by living organisms for their structural integrity, protection, physiological functions, or as reserve energy. These biopolymers are extracted from their natural matrices by humans to fulfil basic as well as convenience needs. The inquisitive human nature, ever-growing demands and resources at disposal have led to copious research in the field of biopolymer modifications. The availability of reactive sites on these biopolymers make them suitable substrates for esterification, etherification, oxidation, epoxidation, N-acylation, alkylation, etc. Dodecenyl succinic anhydride (DDSA) is an esterifying agent that introduces a 12-carbon hydrophobic chain in the structure of the substrate containing suitable reactive sites. The use of DDSA as a modifying agent for biopolymers dates back to the mid-twentieth century. Even today, many biopolymers are explored for modification with DDSA for improved functionality. These modifications are aimed at catering the needs of the paint, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, food and textile industries. This review attempts to systematically compile reported research on the use of DDSA as a biopolymer modifying agent, the various reaction techniques, properties and applications thereof.
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Surface Functionalization of “Rajshahi Silk” Using Green Silver Nanoparticles. FIBERS 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/fib5030035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Liu Y, Xiao C, Li X, Li L, Ren X, Liang J, Huang TS. Antibacterial efficacy of functionalized silk fabrics by radical copolymerization with quaternary ammonium salts. J Appl Polym Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/app.43450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Textiles of Ministry of Education, College of Textiles and Clothing; Jiangnan University; Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 China
| | - Cheng Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Textiles of Ministry of Education, College of Textiles and Clothing; Jiangnan University; Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 China
| | - Xiaolin Li
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Textiles of Ministry of Education, College of Textiles and Clothing; Jiangnan University; Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 China
| | - Lin Li
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Textiles of Ministry of Education, College of Textiles and Clothing; Jiangnan University; Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 China
| | - Xuehong Ren
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Textiles of Ministry of Education, College of Textiles and Clothing; Jiangnan University; Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 China
| | - Jie Liang
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials; Shanghai Normal University; Shanghai 200234 China
| | - Tung-Shi Huang
- Department of Poultry Science; Auburn University; Auburn Alabama 36849
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Fu J, Su J, Wang P, Yu Y, Wang Q, Cavaco-Paulo A. Enzymatic processing of protein-based fibers. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 99:10387-97. [PMID: 26428240 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-6970-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Revised: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Wool and silk are major protein fiber materials used by the textile industry. Fiber protein structure-function relationships are briefly described here, and the major enzymatic processing routes for textiles and other novel applications are deeply reviewed. Fiber biomodification is described here with various classes of enzymes such as protease, transglutaminase, tyrosinase, and laccase. It is expected that the reader will get a perspective on the research done as a basis for new applications in other areas such as cosmetics and pharma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Fu
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Jing Su
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Yuanyuan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China.
| | - Artur Cavaco-Paulo
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China. .,Centre of Biological Engineering (CEB), University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.
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Li G, Li Y, Chen G, He J, Han Y, Wang X, Kaplan DL. Silk-based biomaterials in biomedical textiles and fiber-based implants. Adv Healthc Mater 2015; 4:1134-51. [PMID: 25772248 PMCID: PMC4456268 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201500002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2015] [Revised: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Biomedical textiles and fiber-based implants (BTFIs) have been in routine clinical use to facilitate healing for nearly five decades. Amongst the variety of biomaterials used, silk-based biomaterials (SBBs) have been widely used clinically viz. sutures for centuries and are being increasingly recognized as a prospective material for biomedical textiles. The ease of processing, controllable degradability, remarkable mechanical properties and biocompatibility have prompted the use of SBBs for various BTFIs for extracorporeal implants, soft tissue repair, healthcare/hygiene products and related needs. The present Review focuses on BTFIs from the perspective of types and physical and biological properties, and this discussion is followed with an examination of the advantages and limitations of BTFIs from SBBs. The Review covers progress in surface coatings, physical and chemical modifications of SBBs for BTFIs and identifies future needs and opportunities for the further development for BTFIs using SBBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P.R. China
| | - Yi Li
- Institute of Textiles and Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Guoqiang Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P.R. China
| | - Jihuan He
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P.R. China
| | - Yifan Han
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaoqin Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P.R. China
| | - David L. Kaplan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby St, Room 153, Medford, MA 02155, USA
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Monier M. Immobilization of β-galactosidase fromEscherichia colionto modified natural silk fibers. J Appl Polym Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/app.39475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Monier
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science; Mansoura University; Mansoura; Egypt
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Mandal B, Kaplan D. Biologic Biomaterials. Biomaterials 2012. [DOI: 10.1201/b13687-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Zhang H, Deb-Choudhury S, Plowman J, Dyer J. The effect of wool surface and interior modification on subsequent photostability. J Appl Polym Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/app.37573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Li G, Liu H, Li T, Wang J. Surface modification and functionalization of silk fibroin fibers/fabric toward high performance applications. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2011.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Li R, Chen GM, Ma XL, Chen QY, Xu GW, Huang YP. Mineralization of HA crystals regulated by terephthaloyl chloride-modified silk fibroin films. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2011.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Cortez J, Anghieri A, Bonner PL, Griffin M, Freddi G. Transglutaminase mediated grafting of silk proteins onto wool fabrics leading to improved physical and mechanical properties. Enzyme Microb Technol 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2006.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Lin J, Qiu S, Lewis K, Klibanov AM. Mechanism of bactericidal and fungicidal activities of textiles covalently modified with alkylated polyethylenimine. Biotechnol Bioeng 2003; 83:168-72. [PMID: 12768622 DOI: 10.1002/bit.10651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 243] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Our previous studies have led to a novel "nonrelease" approach to making materials bactericidal by covalently attaching certain moderately hydrophobic polycations to their surfaces. In the present work, this strategy is extended beyond the heretofore-used nonporous materials to include common woven textiles (cotton, wool, nylon, and polyester). Pieces of such cloths derivatized with N-hexylated+methylated high-molecular-weight polyethylenimine (PEI) are strongly bactericidal against several airborne Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. In contrast, the immobilized and N-alkylated PEIs of low molecular weight have only a weak, if any, bactericidal activity. These findings support a mechanism of the antibacterial action whereby high-molecular-weight and hydrophobic polycationic chains penetrate bacterial cell membranes/walls and fatally damage them. The bactericidal textiles prepared herein are lethal not only to pathogenic bacteria but to fungi as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Lin
- Department of Chemistry and Division of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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Freddi G, Innocenti R, Arai T, Shiozaki H, Tsukada M. Physical properties of wool fibers modified with isocyanate compounds. J Appl Polym Sci 2003. [DOI: 10.1002/app.12271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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18
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Arai T, Freddi G, Innocenti R, Tsukada M. Preparation of water-repellent silks by a reaction with octadecenylsuccinic anhydride. J Appl Polym Sci 2003. [DOI: 10.1002/app.12081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Lo Nostro P, Fratoni L, Ninham BW, Baglioni P. Water absorbency by wool fibers: Hofmeister effect. Biomacromolecules 2002; 3:1217-24. [PMID: 12425658 DOI: 10.1021/bm0255692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Wool is a complex material, composed of cuticle and epicuticle cells, surrounded by a cell membrane complex. Wool fibers absorb moisture from air, and, once immersed in water, they take up considerable amounts of liquid. The water absorbency parameter can be determined from weight gain, according to a standard method, and used to quantify this phenomenon. In this paper we report a study on the water absorbency (or retention) of untreated wool fibers in the presence of aqueous 1 M salt solutions at 29 degrees C and a relative humidity of either 33% or 56%. The effect of anions was determined by selecting a wide range of different sodium salts, while the effect of cations was checked through some chlorides and nitrates. Our results show a significant specific ion and ion pair "Hofmeister" effects, that change the amount of water absorbed by the fibers. To understand this phenomenon, the water absorbency parameter (A(w)) is compared to different physicochemical parameters such as the lyotropic number, free energy of hydration of ions, molar surface tension increment, polarizability, refractive index increment, and molar refractivity. The data indicate that this Hofmeister phenomenon is controlled by dispersion forces that depend on the polarizability of ionic species, their adsorption frequencies, the solvent, and the substrate. These dispersion forces dominate the behavior in concentrated solutions. They are in accord with new developing theories of solutions and molecular interactions in colloidal systems that account for Hofmeister effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierandrea Lo Nostro
- Department of Chemistry and CSGI, University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3-Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
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