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Zhou T, Choi HW, Jabbour G. Ultrathin Freestanding Nanocellulose Film Prepared from TEMPO-Mediated Oxidation and Homogenized Hydrogel. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:21798-21804. [PMID: 38799327 PMCID: PMC11112707 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c08062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
This paper presents a versatile method to fabricate ultrathin nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) films as thin as 800 nm by blade coating, which is compatible with a roll-to-roll process on a large scale. Our approach allows obtaining a dried nanocellulose film within a span of 1 h subsequent to 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical-assisted oxidation and homogenization procedures. One of the thinnest freestanding NFC films with a thickness of 800 nm is achieved using a blade coating of nanocellulose after 72 h of oxidation followed by homogenization with a channel size of 65 μm. Incorporating water-soluble CdTe core-type quantum dots into the nanocellulose film led to a uniform emission under 385 nm UV irradiation, indicating excellent material compatibility. We anticipate nanocellulose developed in our study to be beneficial in biomimicry flying objects, environmentally friendly encapsulation, color filters, and energy storage device membranes, to name a few.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianlei Zhou
- Department
of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University
of Nevada, Reno, 1664
N. Virginia Street, Reno, Nevada 89557, United States
- Kaneka
US Material Research Center (KMR), Kaneka
Americas Holding, Inc., 34801 Campus Dr., Fremont, California 94555, United States
| | - Hyung Woo Choi
- Department
of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University
of Nevada, Reno, 1664
N. Virginia Street, Reno, Nevada 89557, United States
- School
of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Ottawa, 800 King Edward Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Ghassan Jabbour
- Department
of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University
of Nevada, Reno, 1664
N. Virginia Street, Reno, Nevada 89557, United States
- School
of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Ottawa, 800 King Edward Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
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Muthamma K, Sunil D. Cellulose as an Eco-Friendly and Sustainable Material for Optical Anticounterfeiting Applications: An Up-to-Date Appraisal. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:42681-42699. [PMID: 36467930 PMCID: PMC9713864 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The falsification of documents, currency, pharmaceuticals, branded goods, clothing, food products, and packaging leads to severe consequences. Counterfeited products can not only pose health risks to consumers but also cause substantial economic losses that can negatively impact the global markets. Unfortunately, most anticounterfeiting strategies are easily duplicated due to rapid technological advancements. Therefore, innovative and cost-effective antiforgery techniques that can offer superior multilevel security features are continuously sought after. Due to the ever-growing global awareness of environmental pollution, renewable and eco-friendly native biopolymers are garnering wide attention in anticounterfeiting applications. This review highlights the potential use of cellulose-based eco-friendly materials to combat the counterfeiting of goods. The initial section of the review focuses on the structure, properties, and chemical modifications of cellulose as a sustainable biomaterial. Further, the topical developments reported on cellulose and nanocellulose-based materials used as fluorescent security inks, films, and papers for achieving protection against counterfeiting are presented. The studies suggest the convenient use of celluose and modified cellulose materials for promising optical antiforgery applications. Furthermore, the scope for future research developments is also discussed based on the current critical challenges in the fabrication of cellulose-based materials and their anticounterfeit applications.
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Emerging Developments on Nanocellulose as Liquid Crystals: A Biomimetic Approach. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14081546. [PMID: 35458295 PMCID: PMC9025541 DOI: 10.3390/polym14081546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomimetics is the field of obtaining ideas from nature that can be applied in science, engineering, and medicine. The usefulness of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) and their excellent characteristics in biomimetic applications are exciting and promising areas of present and future research. CNCs are bio-based nanostructured material that can be isolated from several natural biomasses. The CNCs are one-dimensional with a high aspect ratio. They possess high crystalline order and high chirality when they are allowed to assemble in concentrated dispersions. Recent studies have demonstrated that CNCs possess remarkable optical and chemical properties that can be used to fabricate liquid crystals. Research is present in the early stage to develop CNC-based solvent-free liquid crystals that behave like both crystalline solids and liquids and exhibit the phenomenon of birefringence in anisotropic media. All these characteristics are beneficial for several biomimetic applications. Moreover, the films of CNC show the property of iridescent colors, making it suitable for photonic applications in various devices, such as electro-optical devices and flat panel displays.
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Stimuli induced cellulose nanomaterials alignment and its emerging applications: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 230:115609. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Chowdhury RA, Nuruddin M, Clarkson C, Montes F, Howarter J, Youngblood JP. Cellulose Nanocrystal (CNC) Coatings with Controlled Anisotropy as High-Performance Gas Barrier Films. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:1376-1383. [PMID: 30566328 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b16897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Cellulose nanomaterials are promising materials for the polymer industry due to their abundance and renewability. In packaging applications, these materials may impart enhanced gas barrier performance due to their high crystallinity and polarity. In this work, low barrier to superior gas barrier pristine nanocellulose films were produced using a shear-coating technique to obtain a range of anisotropic films. Induction of anisotropy in a nanocellulose film can control the overall free volume of the system which effectively controls the gas diffusion path; hence, controlled anisotropy results in tunable barrier properties of the nanocellulose films. The highest anisotropy materials showed a maximum of 900-fold oxygen barrier improvement compared to the isotropic arrangement of nanocellulose film. The Bharadwaj model of nanocomposite permeability was modified for pure nanoparticles, and the CNC data were fitted with good agreement. Overall, the oxygen barrier performance of anisotropic nanocellulose films was 97 and 27 times better than traditional barrier materials such as biaxially oriented poly(ethylene terephthalate) (BoPET) and ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH), respectively, and thus could be utilized for oxygen-sensitive packaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reaz A Chowdhury
- School of Materials Engineering , Purdue University , 701 W. Stadium Ave ., West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
| | - Md Nuruddin
- School of Materials Engineering , Purdue University , 701 W. Stadium Ave ., West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
| | - Caitlyn Clarkson
- School of Materials Engineering , Purdue University , 701 W. Stadium Ave ., West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
| | - Francisco Montes
- School of Materials Engineering , Purdue University , 701 W. Stadium Ave ., West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
| | - John Howarter
- School of Materials Engineering , Purdue University , 701 W. Stadium Ave ., West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
| | - Jeffrey P Youngblood
- School of Materials Engineering , Purdue University , 701 W. Stadium Ave ., West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
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Linear Birefringent Films of Cellulose Nanocrystals Produced by Dip-Coating. NANOMATERIALS 2018; 9:nano9010045. [PMID: 30602653 PMCID: PMC6359005 DOI: 10.3390/nano9010045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Transparent films of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) are prepared by dip-coating on glass substrates from aqueous suspensions of hydrolyzed filter paper. Dragging forces acting during films’ deposition promote a preferential alignment of the rod-shaped CNC. Films that are 2.8 and 6.0 µm in thickness show retardance effects, as evidenced by placing them between a linearly polarized light source and a linear polarizer sheet in the extinction configuration. Transmission Mueller matrix spectroscopic ellipsometry measurements at normal incidence as a function of sample rotation were used to characterize polarization properties. A differential decomposition of the Mueller matrix reveals linear birefringence as the unique polarization parameter. These results show a promising way for obtaining CNC birefringent films by a simple and controllable method.
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Frka-Petesic B, Guidetti G, Kamita G, Vignolini S. Controlling the Photonic Properties of Cholesteric Cellulose Nanocrystal Films with Magnets. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2017; 29:1701469. [PMID: 28635143 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201701469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The self-assembly of cellulose nanocrystals is a powerful method for the fabrication of biosourced photonic films with a chiral optical response. While various techniques have been exploited to tune the optical properties of such systems, the presence of external fields has yet to be reported to significantly modify their optical properties. In this work, by using small commercial magnets (≈ 0.5-1.2 T) the orientation of the cholesteric domains is enabled to tune in suspension as they assemble into films. A detailed analysis of these films shows an unprecedented control of their angular response. This simple and yet powerful technique unlocks new possibilities in designing the visual appearance of such iridescent films, ranging from metallic to pixelated or matt textures, paving the way for the development of truly sustainable photonic pigments in coatings, cosmetics, and security labeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Frka-Petesic
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, Lensfield Road, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Giulia Guidetti
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, Lensfield Road, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Gen Kamita
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, Lensfield Road, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Silvia Vignolini
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, Lensfield Road, CB2 1EW, UK
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