Highly filled multilayer thermoplastic/graphene conducting composite structures with high strength and thermal stability for electromagnetic interference shielding applications

Review of Polymer-Based Composites for Electromagnetic Shielding Application

The rapid advancement of electronic communication technology has greatly aided human productivity and quality of life, but it has also resulted in significant electromagnetic pollution issues. Traditional metals and alloys are often used for electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding due to their excellent electrical conductivity. However, they have drawbacks such as being heavy, expensive, and having low corrosion resistance, which limits their application in electromagnetic shielding. Therefore, it is crucial to develop novel EMI shielding materials. Polymers, being highly flexible, corrosion-resistant, and possessing high specific strength, are frequently employed in electromagnetic shielding materials. In this review, we firstly introduce the basic theory of electromagnetic shielding. Then, we outline the processing methods and recent developments of polymer-based electromagnetic shielding composites, including uniform-, foam-, layered-, and segregated structures. Lastly, we present the challenges and prospects for the field, aiming to provide direction and inspiration for the study of polymer-based electromagnetic shielding composite materials.

Functional and Structural Facts of Effective Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Materials: A Review

Electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding effectiveness (SE) systems have received immense attention from researchers owing to the rapid development in electronics and telecommunications, which is an alarming matter in our modern society. This radiation can damage the performance of EM devices and may harmfully affect animal/human health. The harmonious utilization of magnetic alloys and conducting but nonmagnetic materials (such as carbon/graphene) is a practical approach toward EMI SE. This review is not exhaustive, although it is comprehensive and aimed at all materials for EMI SE especially graphene-based polymeric composites. It encompasses multifunctional and functional structural EMI shields. These materials comprise polymers, carbons, ceramics, metals, cement composites/nanocomposites, and hybrids. The accessibility of abundant categories of carbon-based materials in their microscale, nanoscale, and quantum forms as EMI shields as polymer-carbon, cement-carbon, ceramic-carbon, metal-carbon, and their hybrids, makes them receive much attention, as a result of their unique amalgamation of electrical, magnetic, dielectric, thermal, and/or mechanical properties. Herewith, we have discussed the principles of EMI shields along with their design and state of the art basis and material architecture along with the drawbacks in research on EMI shields.

Graphene and Iron Reinforced Polymer Composite Electromagnetic Shielding Applications: A Review

With advancements in the automated industry, electromagnetic inferences (EMI) have been increasing over time, causing major distress among the end-users and affecting electronic appliances. The issue is not new and major work has been done, but unfortunately, the issue has not been fully eliminated. Therefore, this review intends to evaluate the previous carried-out studies on electromagnetic shielding materials with the combination of Graphene@Iron, Graphene@Polymer, Iron@Polymer and Graphene@Iron@Polymer composites in X-band frequency range and above to deal with EMI. VOSviewer was also used to perform the keyword analysis which shows how the studies are interconnected. Based on the carried-out review it was observed that the most preferable materials to deal with EMI are polymer-based composites which showed remarkable results. It is because the polymers are flexible and provide better bonding with other materials. Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), polyaniline (PANI), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) are effective in the X-band frequency range, and PDMS, epoxy, PVDF and PANI provide good shielding effectiveness above the X-band frequency range. However, still, many new combinations need to be examined as mostly the shielding effectiveness was achieved within the X-band frequency range where much work is required in the higher frequency range.

Preparation Methods for Graphene Metal and Polymer Based Composites for EMI Shielding Materials: State of the Art Review of the Conventional and Machine Learning Methods

Advancement of novel electromagnetic inference (EMI) materials is essential in various industries. The purpose of this study is to present a state-of-the-art review on the methods used in the formation of graphene-, metal- and polymer-based composite EMI materials. The study indicates that in graphene- and metal-based composites, the utilization of alternating deposition method provides the highest shielding effectiveness. However, in polymer-based composite, the utilization of chemical vapor deposition method showed the highest shielding effectiveness. Furthermore, this review reveals that there is a gap in the literature in terms of the application of artificial intelligence and machine learning methods. The results further reveal that within the past half-decade machine learning methods, including artificial neural networks, have brought significant improvement for modelling EMI materials. We identified a research trend in the direction of using advanced forms of machine learning for comparative analysis, research and development employing hybrid and ensemble machine learning methods to deliver higher performance.