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Edmondson LR, Jiménez Rodríguez A, Saal HP. Expansion and contraction of resource allocation in sensory bottlenecks. eLife 2022; 11:70777. [PMID: 35924884 PMCID: PMC9391039 DOI: 10.7554/elife.70777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Topographic sensory representations often do not scale proportionally to the size of their input regions, with some expanded and others contracted. In vision, the foveal representation is magnified cortically, as are the fingertips in touch. What principles drive this allocation, and how should receptor density, for example, the high innervation of the fovea or the fingertips, and stimulus statistics, for example, the higher contact frequencies on the fingertips, contribute? Building on work in efficient coding, we address this problem using linear models that optimally decorrelate the sensory signals. We introduce a sensory bottleneck to impose constraints on resource allocation and derive the optimal neural allocation. We find that bottleneck width is a crucial factor in resource allocation, inducing either expansion or contraction. Both receptor density and stimulus statistics affect allocation and jointly determine convergence for wider bottlenecks. Furthermore, we show a close match between the predicted and empirical cortical allocations in a well-studied model system, the star-nosed mole. Overall, our results suggest that the strength of cortical magnification depends on resource limits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura R Edmondson
- Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | | | - Hannes P Saal
- Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
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Yue Y, Tang Y, Wang Q, Xiao W, Liu J, Wang J, Chen M, Wu G, Su B. Active Perception in Non-Visual Recognition Environments by Stretchable Tentacle Sensor Arrays. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:26913-26922. [PMID: 35666640 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c04717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Smoke fog or other light-interference environments have intrinsic obstruction for visual recognition techniques to explore objects and surroundings. Alternatively, tactile perceptions, rather than visual observations, are commonly used by burrowing or deep-sea animals to communicate with environments. Bio-inspired by this natural wisdom, here, we demonstrate stretchable tentacle sensor arrays, which can recognize surrounding objects located in non-visual conditions such as smoke fog or dark environment. Each tentacle sensor is composed of two functional parts: a retractable tentacle with a magnetic top and an elastomer bottom containing copper coils. Different from traditionally passive tactile sensors, these tentacle sensors can actively stretch under the control of a syringe pump, yielding different electrical signals when in contact with the objects. Analyzing collected sensing signals of those tactile sensor arrays by the feature analysis model, complex morphological information of irregular objects in the smoke fog can be recognized. Our study reveals a fundamental connection between stretchable tactile sensors and feature analysis and demonstrates its practical potential for active perception in a non-visual recognition environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamei Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, P. R. China
- Shenzhen Huazhong University of Science and Technology Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Tang
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Wenjing Xiao
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Jia Liu
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Jiaxi Wang
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Min Chen
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, P. R. China
- Sport and Health Initiative, Optical Valley Laboratory, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Gaoxiang Wu
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Bin Su
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, P. R. China
- Shenzhen Huazhong University of Science and Technology Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, Guangdong, P. R. China
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Affiliation(s)
- Robyn A. Grant
- Department of Natural Sciences Manchester Metropolitan University John Dalton Building, Chester Street ManchesterM1 5GDUK
| | - Victor G. A. Goss
- School of Engineering London South Bank University Borough Road LondonSE1 0AAUK
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Smith TD, Laitman JT. Extreme Anatomy: The Lottery Winners, Specialists, and Extreme Adaptations That Are No More. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2019; 303:214-217. [PMID: 31859448 DOI: 10.1002/ar.24336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
This special issue of The Anatomical Record explores extravagant adaptions that vertebrates have evolved from their base groups to survive in the most challenging environments. It stems from a symposium entitled "Extreme Anatomy: Living beyond the edge," which was held April 23, 2017, at the annual meeting of the American Association for Anatomy, in Chicago, IL. In Part 1 of this issue, we examined extreme morphologies that allow exploration of new niches. In this issue, we return to the evolution of terrestriality by digging deeply into the fossil history of the piscine antecedent of tetrapods. These were truly "lottery winners" among vertebrates. This issue also bears on extreme specialists that once thrived but are now long extinct and some extant species that thrive in the hottest terrestrial niches. Herein, several contributions discuss developmental strategies that facilitate later demanding locomotor regimens and feeding strategies for accessing nutrients from less than ideal food sources. From mole-rats to short-faced breeds of domestic dogs, we encounter another host of the most unusual of earth's creatures, who have much to teach us about our world. Anat Rec, 2019. © 2019 American Association for Anatomy Anat Rec, 303:214-217, 2020. © 2019 American Association for Anatomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy D Smith
- School of Physical Therapy, Slippery Rock University, Slippery Rock, Pennsylvania
| | - Jeffrey T Laitman
- Center for Anatomy and Functional Morphology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York
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Dennis JC, Stilwell NK, Smith TD, Park TJ, Bhatnagar KP, Morrison EE. Is the Mole Rat Vomeronasal Organ Functional? Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2019; 303:318-329. [DOI: 10.1002/ar.24060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John C. Dennis
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology Auburn University Auburn Alabama
| | | | - Timothy D. Smith
- School of Physical Therapy Slippery Rock University Slippery Rock Pennsylvania
- Department of Anthropology University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania
| | - Thomas J. Park
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Illinois at Chicago Chicago Illinois
| | - Kunwar P. Bhatnagar
- Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology University of Louisville School of Medicine Louisville Kentucky
| | - Edward E. Morrison
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology Auburn University Auburn Alabama
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