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Amend N, Worek F, Thiermann H, Wille T. Investigation of cardiac glycosides from oleander in a human induced pluripotent stem cells derived cardiomyocyte model. Toxicol Lett 2021; 350:261-266. [PMID: 34371141 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2021.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The ingestion of Nerium oleander and Thevetia peruviana are common causes for poisoning in Southeast Asia. All parts of the oleander shrub contain cardiac glycosides of the cardenolide type. These glycosides act via inhibition of a Na+/K+-ATPase which might cause severe arrhythmia and subsequent death in oleander-poisoned patients. The current study uses human induced pluripotent stem cells derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CM) in a microelectrode array (MEA) system to assess the cardiac effects of neriifolin, oleandrin, digitoxigenin, peruvoside and thevetin A from the oleander plant. Digoxin was used as established reference compound. All tested compounds showed a corrected field potential duration (FPDc) shortening and was the lowest for 600 nM digitoxigenin with -36.9 ± 1.2 %. Next to the dose-dependent pro-arrhythmic potential, a complete beat arrest of the spontaneously beating hiPSC-CM was observed at a concentration of 300 nM for neriifolin, 600 nM for oleandrin and 1000 nM for digitoxigenin and peruvoside. Thevetin A did not cause arrhythmia up to a final concentration of 1000 nM. Thus, it was possible to establish a cardiac effect rank order of the tested substances: neriifolin > oleandrin > digitoxigenin = peruvoside > digoxin > thevetin A.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Amend
- Bundeswehr Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Neuherbergstraße 11, 80937, München, Germany
| | - F Worek
- Bundeswehr Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Neuherbergstraße 11, 80937, München, Germany
| | - H Thiermann
- Bundeswehr Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Neuherbergstraße 11, 80937, München, Germany
| | - T Wille
- Bundeswehr Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Neuherbergstraße 11, 80937, München, Germany.
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Wen S, Chen Y, Lu Y, Wang Y, Ding L, Jiang M. Cardenolides from the Apocynaceae family and their anticancer activity. Fitoterapia 2016; 112:74-84. [PMID: 27167183 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2016.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Revised: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Cardenolides, as a group of natural products that can bind to Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase with an inhibiting activity, are traditionally used to treat congestive heart failure. Recent studies have demonstrated that the strong tumor cytotoxicities of cardenolides are mainly due to inducing the tumor cells apoptosis through different expression and cellular location of Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase α-subunits. The leaves, flesh, seeds and juices of numerous plants from the genera of Nerium, Thevetia, Cerbera, Apocynum and Strophanthus in Apocynaceae family, are the major sources of natural cardenolides. So far, 109 cardenolides have been isolated and identified from this family, and about a quarter of them are reported to exhibit the capability to regulate cancer cell survival and death through multiple signaling pathways. In this review, we compile the phytochemical characteristics and anticancer activity of the cardenolides from this family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyuan Wen
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China; Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin, International Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Yanyan Chen
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China; Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin, International Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Yunfang Lu
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China; Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin, International Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Yuefei Wang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Liqin Ding
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Miaomiao Jiang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China.
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Tian DM, Cheng HY, Jiang MM, Shen WZ, Tang JS, Yao XS. Cardiac Glycosides from the Seeds of Thevetia peruviana. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2016; 79:38-50. [PMID: 26714048 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5b00611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Investigation of the seeds of Thevetia peruviana resulted in the isolation of 15 new (2-16) and 18 known (1 and 17-33) cardiac glycosides. Eight 19-nor-cardenolides (1-8), including two rare 19-nor-10-hydroperoxycardenolides, were obtained from T. peruviana for the first time. All the structures were characterized by NMR spectroscopy and chemical derivatization. The inhibitory effects of cardiac glycosides 1-33 against three cancer cell lines (human lung cancer cells, P15; human gastric cancer cells, MGC-803; and human pancreatic cancer cells, SW1990) and one normal hepatocyte cell line, LO2, were evaluated, and a preliminary structure-activity relationship is discussed. In addition, cardiac glycosides 1, 22, 26, and 28 were evaluated for their apoptosis-inducing activities in MGC-803 cells, showing IC50 values in the range 0.02-0.53 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Mei Tian
- College of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Huo-Yun Cheng
- Department of Anatomy, Medical College, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Miao-Miao Jiang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , 88 Yuquan Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Zai Shen
- Department of Anatomy, Medical College, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Shan Tang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Sheng Yao
- College of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
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Kohls S, Scholz-Böttcher BM, Teske J, Zark P, Rullkötter J. Cardiac glycosides from Yellow Oleander (Thevetia peruviana) seeds. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2012; 75:114-27. [PMID: 22196940 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2011.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2011] [Revised: 11/25/2011] [Accepted: 11/30/2011] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Thevetia cardiac glycosides can lead to intoxication, thus they are important indicators for forensic and pharmacologic surveys. Six thevetia cardiac glycosides, including two with unknown structures, were isolated from the seeds of the Yellow Oleander (Thevetia peruviana (Pers.) K. Shum., Apocynaceae). LC-ESI⁺-MS(/MS) analysis under high-resolution conditions used as a qualitative survey of the primary glycosides did not lead to fragmentation of the aglycones. Acid hydrolysis of the polar and non-volatile thevetia glycosides under severe conditions yielded the aglycones of the thevetia glycosides and made them amenable to GC-MS analysis. Comparison of mass spectral fragmentation patterns of the aglycones, as well as high-resolution mass spectrometric and NMR data of four of the primary thevetia glycosides including the two unknowns, revealed the structures of the complete set of six thevetia glycosides. The identified compounds are termed thevetin C and acetylthevetin C and differ by an 18,20-oxido-20,22-dihydro functionality from thevetin B and acetylthevetin B, respectively. The absence of an unsaturated lactone ring renders the glycosides cardio-inactive. The procedures developed in this study and the sets of analytical data obtained will be useful for screening and structure assessment of other, particularly polar, cardiac glycosides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Kohls
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Carl-von-Ossietzky-Str. 9-11, D-26129 Oldenburg, Germany.
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Kohls S, Scholz-Böttcher B, Rullkötter J, Teske J. Method validation of a survey of thevetia cardiac glycosides in serum samples. Forensic Sci Int 2012; 215:146-51. [PMID: 21376490 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2011.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2010] [Revised: 01/12/2011] [Accepted: 02/06/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
A sensitive and specific liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI(+)-MS/MS) procedure was developed and validated for the identification and quantification of thevetin B and further cardiac glycosides in human serum. The seeds of Yellow Oleander (Thevetia peruviana) contain cardiac glycosides that can cause serious intoxication. A mixture of six thevetia glycosides was extracted from these seeds and characterized. Thevetin B, isolated and efficiently purified from that mixture, is the main component and can be used as evidence. Solid phase extraction (SPE) proved to be an effective sample preparation method. Digoxin-d3 was used as the internal standard. Although ion suppression occurs, the limit of detection (LOD) is 0.27 ng/ml serum for thevetin B. Recovery is higher than 94%, and accuracy and precision were proficient. Method refinement was carried out with regard to developing a general screening method for cardiac glycosides. The assay is linear over the range of 0.5-8 ng/ml serum. Finally, the method was applied to a case of thevetia seed ingestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Kohls
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Carl-von-Ossietzky-Str. 9-11, D-26129 Oldenburg, Germany.
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Kubinyi H. [Conformation of rhamnose in proscillaridin]. ARCHIV DER PHARMAZIE UND BERICHTE DER DEUTSCHEN PHARMAZEUTISCHEN GESELLSCHAFT 1971; 304:701-6. [PMID: 5286377 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.19713040911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Kubinyi H, Steidle W, Görlich B. [Acetates of proscillaridin]. ARCHIV DER PHARMAZIE UND BERICHTE DER DEUTSCHEN PHARMAZEUTISCHEN GESELLSCHAFT 1971; 304:380-7. [PMID: 5284164 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.19713040511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Schmersahl P. [Semisynthetic derivatives of Corchorus cardanolides]. ARCHIV DER PHARMAZIE UND BERICHTE DER DEUTSCHEN PHARMAZEUTISCHEN GESELLSCHAFT 1971; 304:307-14. [PMID: 5281059 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.19713040411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Voigtländer HW, Balsam G. Apigenin-5-methyläther, ein neues Flavon aus Thevetia peruviana. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 1970. [DOI: 10.1002/ardp.19703031002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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