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Yao Q, Wu X, Tao C, Gong W, Chen M, Qu M, Zhong Y, He T, Chen S, Xiao G. Osteoarthritis: pathogenic signaling pathways and therapeutic targets. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:56. [PMID: 36737426 PMCID: PMC9898571 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01330-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 220.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative joint disorder that leads to disability and affects more than 500 million population worldwide. OA was believed to be caused by the wearing and tearing of articular cartilage, but it is now more commonly referred to as a chronic whole-joint disorder that is initiated with biochemical and cellular alterations in the synovial joint tissues, which leads to the histological and structural changes of the joint and ends up with the whole tissue dysfunction. Currently, there is no cure for OA, partly due to a lack of comprehensive understanding of the pathological mechanism of the initiation and progression of the disease. Therefore, a better understanding of pathological signaling pathways and key molecules involved in OA pathogenesis is crucial for therapeutic target design and drug development. In this review, we first summarize the epidemiology of OA, including its prevalence, incidence and burdens, and OA risk factors. We then focus on the roles and regulation of the pathological signaling pathways, such as Wnt/β-catenin, NF-κB, focal adhesion, HIFs, TGFβ/ΒΜP and FGF signaling pathways, and key regulators AMPK, mTOR, and RUNX2 in the onset and development of OA. In addition, the roles of factors associated with OA, including MMPs, ADAMTS/ADAMs, and PRG4, are discussed in detail. Finally, we provide updates on the current clinical therapies and clinical trials of biological treatments and drugs for OA. Research advances in basic knowledge of articular cartilage biology and OA pathogenesis will have a significant impact and translational value in developing OA therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Yao
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Xiaohao Wu
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Chu Tao
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Weiyuan Gong
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Mingjue Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Minghao Qu
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yiming Zhong
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Tailin He
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Sheng Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Guozhi Xiao
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
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Janczi T, Fehrl Y, Kinne RW, Böhm B, Burkhardt H. The role of YAP1 target gene CTGF in the anoikis resistance of rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2023; 62:850-860. [PMID: 35713503 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keac354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyse pro-survival mechanisms elicited in RA synovial fibroblasts (RASFs) upon detachment from their extracellular matrix dependent on the disintegrin metalloproteinase ADAM15 and Yes-associated protein kinase 1 (YAP1). METHODS Detachment-induced apoptosis was determined by caspase 3/7 assays. Immunofluorescent stainings, cell surface biotinylation and immunoblotting were applied to analyse phosphorylated kinases and subcellular localization of YAP1 and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF). Caspase and transwell transmigration assays served to study CTGF function. RESULTS Silencing of ADAM15 or YAP1 in RASFs leads to significantly increased levels of detachment-induced caspase activity. In non-silenced RASFs detachment causes simultaneous ADAM15-enhanced phosphorylation of YAP1 at S127, known for promoting its cytoplasmic localization, and Src-dependent phosphorylation at tyrosine Y357. The majority of nuclear YAP1 leaves the nucleus shortly after cell detachment, but prolonged detachment causes a marked nuclear re-entry of YAP1, resulting in significantly increased synthesis of CTGF. The newly synthesized CTGF, however, is not detectable in the supernatant, but is bound to the outside of the plasma membrane. In vitro studies demonstrated autocrine binding of CTGF to the EGF receptor and β1 integrin, with concomitant triggering of survival kinases, AKT1, ERK1/2, Src and focal adhesion kinase. Functional studies revealed anti-apoptotic effects of CTGF on detached RASFs and an enhancement of their potential for endothelial transmigration using HUVEC-coated transwells. CONCLUSION The elucidation of a new molecular mechanism that protects RASFs in the highly pro-apoptotic environment of inflamed RA joints by promoting anoikis-resistance and transendothelial migration via ADAM15/YAP1-mediated CTGF upregulation uncovers potentially new targets for future therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Janczi
- Division of Rheumatology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main
| | - Yuliya Fehrl
- Division of Rheumatology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main
| | - Raimund W Kinne
- Experimental Rheumatology Unit, Jena University Hospital, Waldkliniken Eisenberg GmbH, Eisenberg
| | - Beate Böhm
- Division of Rheumatology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main
| | - Harald Burkhardt
- Division of Rheumatology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main.,Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP.,Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence Immune-Mediated Diseases CIMD, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Calcium-Permeable Channels Cooperation for Rheumatoid Arthritis: Therapeutic Opportunities. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12101383. [PMID: 36291594 PMCID: PMC9599458 DOI: 10.3390/biom12101383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis is a common autoimmune disease that results from the deposition of antibodies–autoantigens in the joints, leading to long-lasting inflammation. The main features of RA include cartilage damage, synovial invasion and flare-ups of intra-articular inflammation, and these pathological processes significantly reduce patients’ quality of life. To date, there is still no drug target that can act in rheumatoid arthritis. Therefore, the search for novel drug targets has become urgent. Due to their unique physicochemical properties, calcium ions play an important role in all cellular activities and the body has evolved a rigorous calcium signaling system. Calcium-permeable channels, as the main operators of calcium signaling, are widely distributed in cell membranes, endoplasmic reticulum membranes and mitochondrial membranes, and mediate the efflux and entry of Ca2+. Over the last century, more and more calcium-permeable channels have been identified in human cells, and the role of this large family of calcium-permeable channels in rheumatoid arthritis has gradually become clear. In this review, we briefly introduce the major calcium-permeable channels involved in the pathogenesis of RA (e.g., acid-sensitive ion channel (ASIC), transient receptor potential (TRP) channel and P2X receptor) and explain the specific roles and mechanisms of these calcium-permeable channels in the pathogenesis of RA, providing more comprehensive ideas and targets for the treatment of RA.
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Janczi T, Meier F, Fehrl Y, Kinne RW, Böhm B, Burkhardt H. A Novel Pro-Inflammatory Mechanosensing Pathway Orchestrated by the Disintegrin Metalloproteinase ADAM15 in Synovial Fibroblasts. Cells 2021; 10:cells10102705. [PMID: 34685689 PMCID: PMC8534551 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanotransduction is elicited in cells upon the perception of physical forces transmitted via the extracellular matrix in their surroundings and results in signaling events that impact cellular functions. This physiological process is a prerequisite for maintaining the integrity of diarthrodial joints, while excessive loading is a factor promoting the inflammatory mechanisms of joint destruction. Here, we describe a mechanotransduction pathway in synovial fibroblasts (SF) derived from the synovial membrane of inflamed joints. The functionality of this pathway is completely lost in the absence of the disintegrin metalloproteinase ADAM15 strongly upregulated in SF. The mechanosignaling events involve the Ca2+-dependent activation of c-Jun-N-terminal kinases, the subsequent downregulation of long noncoding RNA HOTAIR, and upregulation of the metabolic energy sensor sirtuin-1. This afferent loop of the pathway is facilitated by ADAM15 via promoting the cell membrane density of the constitutively cycling mechanosensitive transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 calcium channels. In addition, ADAM15 reinforces the Src-mediated activation of pannexin-1 channels required for the enhanced release of ATP, a mediator of purinergic inflammation, which is increasingly produced upon sirtuin-1 induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Janczi
- Division of Rheumatology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (T.J.); (F.M.); (Y.F.)
| | - Florian Meier
- Division of Rheumatology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (T.J.); (F.M.); (Y.F.)
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Yuliya Fehrl
- Division of Rheumatology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (T.J.); (F.M.); (Y.F.)
| | - Raimund W. Kinne
- Experimental Rheumatology Unit, Department of Orthopedics, Jena University Hospital, Waldkliniken Eisenberg GmbH, 07607 Eisenberg, Germany;
| | - Beate Böhm
- Division of Rheumatology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (T.J.); (F.M.); (Y.F.)
- Correspondence: (B.B.); (H.B.)
| | - Harald Burkhardt
- Division of Rheumatology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (T.J.); (F.M.); (Y.F.)
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence Immune-Mediated Diseases CIMD, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Correspondence: (B.B.); (H.B.)
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赵 帆, 李 佳, 陆 麒, 陈 恩, 袁 立. [ Danggui Niantong decoction induces apoptosis by activating Fas/caspase-8 pathway in rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2020; 40:1119-1126. [PMID: 32895177 PMCID: PMC7429162 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2020.08.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the effect of Danggui Niantong decoction (DGNTD) on cell apoptosis and TNF receptor super family 6 (Fas)/caspase-8 pathway in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS). METHODS FLS isolated from the synovial tissue of RA patients were cultured and identified using immunofluorescence staining. The cells were treated with 10% blank serum (blank control group), 10% sera containing low, moderate or high doses of DGNTD, or 20 μmol/mL KR-33493 (a Fas inhibitor) combined with 10% serum containing high-dose DGNTD. MTT assay was used to detect the proliferation of the cells after the treatments. Apoptosis of the cells was detected at 48 h in each group using Hoechst 33342 staining and flow cytometry with annexin V-FITC/PI staining. The mRNA and protein expressions of Fas, FADD, caspase-8 and caspase-3 in the cells at 48 h were detected using qPCR and Western blotting. RESULTS Immunofluorescence staining identified the cultured cells as FLS. Treatment with DGNTD-containing sera significantly inhibited the proliferation of FLS, and the inhibitory effects were enhanced as the dose and intervention time increased (P < 0.05). Hoechst 33342 staining and flow cytometry showed that the sera containing different doses of DGNTD significantly promoted apoptosis of FLS (P < 0.05). The expression levels of Fas, FADD, caspase-8, and caspase-3 at both mRNA and protein levels were significantly increased in the cells after treatment with different doses of DGNTD-containing sera (P < 0.05). The application of KR-33493 obviously reversed the effects of DGNTD on the FLS (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS DGNTD can induce apoptosis of the FLS by activating Fas/caspase-8 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- 帆 赵
- 南方医科大学中医药学院,广东 广州 510515School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - 佳钰 李
- 南方医科大学中医药学院,广东 广州 510515School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - 麒瑾 陆
- 南方医科大学中医药学院,广东 广州 510515School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - 恩生 陈
- 南方医科大学中西医结合医院风湿免疫科,广东 广州 510315Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510315, China
| | - 立霞 袁
- 南方医科大学中医药学院,广东 广州 510515School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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Wang J, Wang Y, Zhang H, Chang J, Lu M, Gao W, Liu W, Li Y, Yin L, Wang X, Wang Y, Gao M, Yin Z. Identification of a novel microRNA-141-3p/Forkhead box C1/β-catenin axis associated with rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblast function in vivo and in vitro. Theranostics 2020; 10:5412-5434. [PMID: 32373221 PMCID: PMC7196314 DOI: 10.7150/thno.45214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a prototype of inflammatory arthritis in which synovial fibroblasts (SFs) play key roles in cartilage and bone destruction through tumor-like proliferation, migration, invasion and inflammation. This study aimed to research forkhead box protein C1 (FoxC1) and microRNA (miR)-141-3p, which modulate pathological changes in the synovial membrane, to find possible strategies for treating RA. Methods: FoxC1, β-catenin and miR-141-3p gene expression in synovial tissues and SFs was quantified by real-time PCR; FoxC1 and β-catenin protein levels were evaluated by immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and Western blotting. We transiently transfected human SFs with FoxC1 and β-catenin overexpression and silencing vectors and assessed proliferation, migration, invasion and inflammation by cell function and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. We also assessed downstream signaling activation using immunofluorescence, real-time PCR and Western blotting. Double luciferase, coimmunoprecipitation and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays were used to verify miR-141-3p, FoxC1 and β-catenin gene and protein combinations. Finally, the therapeutic effects of FoxC1 silencing and miR-141-3p overexpression were evaluated in type II collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rats. Results: We found that FoxC1 expression was significantly upregulated in synovium and SFs in both RA patients and rats with collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). FoxC1 overexpression increased β-catenin messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein levels and upregulated cyclin D1, c-Myc, fibronectin and matrix metalloproteinase 3 (MMP3) mRNA and protein expression in RA SFs (RASFs). In contrast, FoxC1 knockdown reduced β-catenin mRNA and protein levels as well as cyclin D1, c-Myc, and fibronectin mRNA and protein levels in RASFs. Furthermore, altering FoxC1 expression did not significantly change GSK3β and pGSK3β levels. FoxC1 overexpression promoted proliferation, migration, invasion and proinflammatory cytokine (interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)) production and reduced anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10) levels in RASFs. FoxC1 bound to the β-catenin promoter, and β-catenin mediated the FoxC1-induced pathological changes. We also observed downregulated microRNA (miR)-141-3p expression in SFs from both RA patients and CIA rats and further found that miR-141-3p bound to the FoxC1 3′UTR and suppressed FoxC1 expression. Intra-ankle miR-141-3p agomir or FoxC1-specific siRNA injection hindered CIA development in rats. Conclusions: FoxC1 and miR-141-3p participate in RA pathogenesis by mediating inflammation and SF proliferation, migration, and invasion and thus could be novel targets for RA therapy as a nonimmunosuppressive approach.
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Zimmermann-Geller B, Köppert S, Kesel N, Hasseli R, Ullrich S, Lefèvre S, Frommer K, Gehrke T, Schönburg M, Rehart S, Schumacher U, Müller-Ladner U, Neumann E. Interactions between rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblast migration and endothelial cells. Immunol Cell Biol 2018; 97:178-189. [DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Birgit Zimmermann-Geller
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology; Justus-Liebig-University Gießen; Campus Kerckhoff Bad Nauheim Germany
| | - Sina Köppert
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology; Justus-Liebig-University Gießen; Campus Kerckhoff Bad Nauheim Germany
| | - Nina Kesel
- Institute for Anatomy II: Experimental Morphology; University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf; Hamburg Germany
| | - Rebecca Hasseli
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology; Justus-Liebig-University Gießen; Campus Kerckhoff Bad Nauheim Germany
| | - Sebastian Ullrich
- Institute for Anatomy II: Experimental Morphology; University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf; Hamburg Germany
| | - Stephanie Lefèvre
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology; Justus-Liebig-University Gießen; Campus Kerckhoff Bad Nauheim Germany
| | - Klaus Frommer
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology; Justus-Liebig-University Gießen; Campus Kerckhoff Bad Nauheim Germany
| | - Thorsten Gehrke
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery; Helios ENDO-Klinik Hamburg; Hamburg Germany
| | - Markus Schönburg
- Department of Cardiac Surgery; Kerckhoff-Klinik; Bad Nauheim Germany
| | - Stephan Rehart
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery; Agaplesion Markus Hospital; Frankfurt Germany
| | - Udo Schumacher
- Institute for Anatomy II: Experimental Morphology; University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf; Hamburg Germany
| | - Ulf Müller-Ladner
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology; Justus-Liebig-University Gießen; Campus Kerckhoff Bad Nauheim Germany
| | - Elena Neumann
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology; Justus-Liebig-University Gießen; Campus Kerckhoff Bad Nauheim Germany
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