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Vashist A, Atluri V, Raymond A, Kaushik A, Parira T, Huang Z, Durygin A, Tomitaka A, Nikkhah-Moshaie R, Vashist A, Agudelo M, Chand HS, Saytashev I, Ramella-Roman JC, Nair M. Development of Multifunctional Biopolymeric Auto-Fluorescent Micro- and Nanogels as a Platform for Biomedical Applications. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:315. [PMID: 32426338 PMCID: PMC7203429 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The emerging field of theranostics for advanced healthcare has raised the demand for effective and safe delivery systems consisting of therapeutics and diagnostics agents in a single monarchy. This requires the development of multi-functional bio-polymeric systems for efficient image-guided therapeutics. This study reports the development of size-controlled (micro-to-nano) auto-fluorescent biopolymeric hydrogel particles of chitosan and hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) synthesized using water-in-oil emulsion polymerization technique. Sustainable resource linseed oil-based polyol is introduced as an element of hydrophobicity with an aim to facilitate their ability to traverse the blood-brain barrier (BBB). These nanogels are demonstrated to have salient features such as biocompatibility, stability, high cellular uptake by a variety of host cells, and ability to transmigrate across an in vitro BBB model. Interestingly, these unique nanogel particles exhibited auto-fluorescence at a wide range of wavelengths 450-780 nm on excitation at 405 nm whereas excitation at 710 nm gives emission at 810 nm. In conclusion, this study proposes the developed bio-polymeric fluorescent micro- and nano- gels as a potential theranostic tool for central nervous system (CNS) drug delivery and image-guided therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arti Vashist
- Department of Immunology and Nanomedicine, Center for Personalized Nanomedicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Institute of NeuroImmune Pharmacology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Venkata Atluri
- Department of Immunology and Nanomedicine, Center for Personalized Nanomedicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Institute of NeuroImmune Pharmacology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Andrea Raymond
- Department of Immunology and Nanomedicine, Center for Personalized Nanomedicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Institute of NeuroImmune Pharmacology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Ajeet Kaushik
- Department of Immunology and Nanomedicine, Center for Personalized Nanomedicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Institute of NeuroImmune Pharmacology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
- Division of Sciences, Art, and Sciences, Department of Natural Sciences, Florida Polytechnic University, Lakeland, FL, United States
| | - Tiyash Parira
- Department of Immunology and Nanomedicine, Center for Personalized Nanomedicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Institute of NeuroImmune Pharmacology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Zaohua Huang
- Department of Immunology and Nanomedicine, Center for Personalized Nanomedicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Institute of NeuroImmune Pharmacology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Andriy Durygin
- CeSMEC, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Asahi Tomitaka
- Department of Immunology and Nanomedicine, Center for Personalized Nanomedicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Institute of NeuroImmune Pharmacology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Roozbeh Nikkhah-Moshaie
- Department of Immunology and Nanomedicine, Center for Personalized Nanomedicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Institute of NeuroImmune Pharmacology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Atul Vashist
- Department of Biotechnology, All India Institute of Medical Science, New Delhi, India
| | - Marisela Agudelo
- Department of Immunology and Nanomedicine, Center for Personalized Nanomedicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Institute of NeuroImmune Pharmacology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Hitendra S. Chand
- Department of Immunology and Nanomedicine, Center for Personalized Nanomedicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Institute of NeuroImmune Pharmacology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Ilyas Saytashev
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
- Department of Cellular Biology, Pharmacology and Ophthalmology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Jessica C. Ramella-Roman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
- Department of Cellular Biology, Pharmacology and Ophthalmology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Madhavan Nair
- Department of Immunology and Nanomedicine, Center for Personalized Nanomedicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Institute of NeuroImmune Pharmacology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
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Kaiser T, Roll G, Schweiger G. Investigation of coated droplets in an optical trap: Raman-scattering, elastic-light-scattering, and evaporation characteristics. APPLIED OPTICS 1996; 35:5918-5924. [PMID: 21127603 DOI: 10.1364/ao.35.005918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Single optically levitated microparticles were investigated by Raman spectroscopy. The particles were composed of di-octyl-phthalate (DOP) and glycerol; these substances are not mixable and form a two-phase droplet. Measurements of the Raman spectrum confirm the formation of droplets containing both chemical species. The spectra show strong input and output structural resonances as expected. If the particle is in resonance, the field inside the particle is enhanced, and most of the inelastically scattered light is emitted from molecules close to the droplet rim. If the particle does not fulfill the resonance condition, the contribution of an individual molecule to the Raman scattering does not depend strongly on the radial position of this molecule. On this basis, the radial distribution of the two components inside the evaporating droplet was determined by time-dependent measurements of the Raman spectrum. Furthermore, elastic-light scattering and the evaporation characteristics of the particles were investigated.
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