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Wang X, Xi Z, Ye K, Gong Z, Chen Y, Wang X. Improvement of Phased Antenna Array Applied in Focused Microwave Breast Hyperthermia. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:2682. [PMID: 38732788 PMCID: PMC11085649 DOI: 10.3390/s24092682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Focused microwave breast hyperthermia (FMBH) employs a phased antenna array to perform beamforming that can focus microwave energy at targeted breast tumors. Selective heating of the tumor endows the hyperthermia treatment with high accuracy and low side effects. The effect of FMBH is highly dependent on the applied phased antenna array. This work investigates the effect of polarizations of antenna elements on the microwave-focusing results by simulations. We explore two kinds of antenna arrays with the same number of elements using different digital realistic human breast phantoms. The first array has all the elements' polarization in the vertical plane of the breast, while the second array has half of the elements' polarization in the vertical plane and the other half in the transverse plane, i.e., cross polarization. In total, 96 sets of different simulations are performed, and the results show that the second array leads to a better focusing effect in dense breasts than the first array. This work is very meaningful for the potential improvement of the antenna array for FMBH, which is of great significance for the future clinical applications of FMBH. The antenna array with cross polarization can also be applied in microwave imaging and sensing for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanyu Wang
- School of Information Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai 201210, China; (X.W.); (Z.X.); (K.Y.)
| | - Zijun Xi
- School of Information Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai 201210, China; (X.W.); (Z.X.); (K.Y.)
| | - Ke Ye
- School of Information Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai 201210, China; (X.W.); (Z.X.); (K.Y.)
| | - Zheng Gong
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Quzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Quzhou 324003, China;
| | - Yifan Chen
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China;
| | - Xiong Wang
- School of Information Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai 201210, China; (X.W.); (Z.X.); (K.Y.)
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2
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Servin F, Collins JA, Heiselman JS, Frederick-Dyer KC, Planz VB, Geevarghese SK, Brown DB, Miga MI. Fat Quantification Imaging and Biophysical Modeling for Patient-Specific Forecasting of Microwave Ablation Therapy. Front Physiol 2022; 12:820251. [PMID: 35185606 PMCID: PMC8850958 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.820251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Computational tools are beginning to enable patient-specific surgical planning to localize and prescribe thermal dosing for liver cancer ablation therapy. Tissue-specific factors (e.g., tissue perfusion, material properties, disease state, etc.) have been found to affect ablative therapies, but current thermal dosing guidance practices do not account for these differences. Computational modeling of ablation procedures can integrate these sources of patient specificity to guide therapy planning and delivery. This paper establishes an imaging-data-driven framework for patient-specific biophysical modeling to predict ablation extents in livers with varying fat content in the context of microwave ablation (MWA) therapy. Patient anatomic scans were segmented to develop customized three-dimensional computational biophysical models and mDIXON fat-quantification images were acquired and analyzed to establish fat content and determine biophysical properties. Simulated patient-specific microwave ablations of tumor and healthy tissue were performed at four levels of fatty liver disease. Ablation models with greater fat content demonstrated significantly larger treatment volumes compared to livers with less severe disease states. More specifically, the results indicated an eightfold larger difference in necrotic volumes with fatty livers vs. the effects from the presence of more conductive tumor tissue. Additionally, the evolution of necrotic volume formation as a function of the thermal dose was influenced by the presence of a tumor. Fat quantification imaging showed multi-valued spatially heterogeneous distributions of fat deposition, even within their respective disease classifications (e.g., low, mild, moderate, high-fat). Altogether, the results suggest that clinical fatty liver disease levels can affect MWA, and that fat-quantitative imaging data may improve patient specificity for this treatment modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frankangel Servin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
- Vanderbilt Institute for Surgery and Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Jarrod A. Collins
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Jon S. Heiselman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
- Vanderbilt Institute for Surgery and Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Katherine C. Frederick-Dyer
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Virginia B. Planz
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Sunil K. Geevarghese
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Daniel B. Brown
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Michael I. Miga
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
- Vanderbilt Institute for Surgery and Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
- *Correspondence: Michael I. Miga,
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Rommelfanger NJ, Ou Z, Keck CH, Hong G. Differential heating of metal nanostructures at radio frequencies. PHYSICAL REVIEW APPLIED 2021; 15:054007. [PMID: 36268260 PMCID: PMC9581340 DOI: 10.1103/physrevapplied.15.054007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles with strong absorption of incident radio frequency (RF) or microwave irradiation are desirable for remote hyperthermia treatments. While controversy has surrounded the absorption properties of spherical metallic nanoparticles, other geometries such as prolate and oblate spheroids have not received sufficient attention for application in hyperthermia therapies. Here, we use the electrostatic approximation to calculate the relative absorption ratio of metallic nanoparticles in various biological tissues. We consider a broad parameter space, sweeping across frequencies from 1 MHz to 10 GHz, while also tuning the nanoparticle dimensions from spheres to high-aspect-ratio spheroids approximating nanowires and nanodiscs. We find that while spherical metallic nanoparticles do not offer differential heating in tissue, large absorption cross sections can be obtained from long prolate spheroids, while thin oblate spheroids offer minor potential for absorption. Our results suggest that metallic nanowires should be considered for RF- and microwave-based wireless hyperthermia treatments in many tissues going forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J. Rommelfanger
- Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Zihao Ou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Carl H.C. Keck
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Guosong Hong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Corresponding author:
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Rahman M, Lahri R, Ahsan S, Thanou M, Kosmas P. Assessing Changes in Dielectric Properties Due to Nanomaterials Using a Two-Port Microwave System. SENSORS 2020; 20:s20216228. [PMID: 33142855 PMCID: PMC7663291 DOI: 10.3390/s20216228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Detecting changes in the dielectric properties of tissues at microwave frequencies can offer simple and cost effective tools for cancer detection. These changes can be enhanced by the use of nanoparticles (NPs) that are characterised by both increased tumour uptake and high dielectric constant. This paper presents a two-port experimental setup to assess the impact of contrast enhancement on microwave signals. The study focuses on carbon nanotubes, as they have been previously shown to induce high microwave dielectric contrast. We investigate multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWNT) and their -OH functionalised version (MWNT-OH) dispersed in tissue phantoms as contrast enhancing NPs, as well as salt (NaCl) solutions as reference mixtures which can be easily dissolved inside water mixtures and thus induce dielectric contrast changes reliably. MWNT and MWNT-OH are characterised by atomic force microscopy, and their dielectric properties are measured when dispersed in 60% glycerol–water mixtures. Salt concentrations between 10 and 50 mg/mL in 60% glycerol mixtures are also studied as homogeneous samples known to affect the dielectric constant. Contrast enhancement is then evaluated using a simplified two-port microwave system to identify the impact on microwave signals with respect to dielectric contrast. Numerical simulations are also conducted to compare results with the experimental findings. Our results suggest that this approach can be used as a reliable method to screen and assess contrast enhancing materials with regards to a microwave system’s ability to detect their impact on a target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Rahman
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, UK; (M.R.); (R.L.); (M.T.)
| | - Rachita Lahri
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, UK; (M.R.); (R.L.); (M.T.)
| | - Syed Ahsan
- Faculty of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, King’s College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, UK;
| | - Maya Thanou
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, UK; (M.R.); (R.L.); (M.T.)
| | - Panagiotis Kosmas
- Faculty of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, King’s College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, UK;
- Correspondence:
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Giannakopoulos II, Serralles JEC, Daniel L, Sodickson DK, Polimeridis AG, White JK, Lattanzi R. Magnetic-Resonance-Based Electrical Property Mapping Using Global Maxwell Tomography With an 8-Channel Head Coil at 7 Tesla: A Simulation Study. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2020; 68:236-246. [PMID: 32365014 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2020.2991399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Global Maxwell Tomography (GMT) is a recently introduced volumetric technique for noninvasive estimation of electrical properties (EP) from magnetic resonance measurements. Previous work evaluated GMT using ideal radiofrequency (RF) excitations. The aim of this simulation study was to assess GMT performance with a realistic RF coil. METHODS We designed a transmit-receive RF coil with 8 decoupled channels for 7T head imaging. We calculated the RF transmit field ( B1+) inside heterogeneous head models for different RF shimming approaches, and used them as input for GMT to reconstruct EP for all voxels. RESULTS Coil tuning/decoupling remained relatively stable when the coil was loaded with different head models. Mean error in EP estimation changed from [Formula: see text] to [Formula: see text] and from [Formula: see text] to [Formula: see text] for relative permittivity and conductivity, respectively, when changing head model without re-tuning the coil. Results slightly improved when an SVD-based RF shimming algorithm was applied, in place of excitation with one coil at a time. Despite errors in EP, RF transmit field ( B1+) and absorbed power could be predicted with less than [Formula: see text] error over the entire head. GMT could accurately detect a numerically inserted tumor. CONCLUSION This work demonstrates that GMT can reliably reconstruct EP in realistic simulated scenarios using a tailored 8-channel RF coil design at 7T. Future work will focus on construction of the coil and optimization of GMT's robustness to noise, to enable in-vivo GMT experiments. SIGNIFICANCE GMT could provide accurate estimations of tissue EP, which could be used as biomarkers and could enable patient-specific estimation of RF power deposition, which is an unsolved problem for ultra-high-field magnetic resonance imaging.
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Role of Simulations in the Treatment Planning of Radiofrequency Hyperthermia Therapy in Clinics. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2019; 2019:9685476. [PMID: 31558904 PMCID: PMC6735211 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9685476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Hyperthermia therapy is a treatment modality in which tumor temperatures are elevated to higher temperatures to cause damage to cancerous tissues. Numerical simulations are integral in the development of hyperthermia treatment systems and in clinical treatment planning. In this study, simulations in radiofrequency hyperthermia therapy are reviewed in terms of their technical development and clinical aspects for effective clinical use. This review offers an overview of mathematical models and the importance of tissue properties; locoregional mild hyperthermia therapy, including phantom and realistic human anatomy models; phase array systems; tissue damage; thermal dose analysis; and thermoradiotherapy planning. This review details the improvements in numerical approaches in treatment planning and their application for effective clinical use. Furthermore, the modeling of thermoradiotherapy planning, which can be integrated with radiotherapy to provide combined hyperthermia and radiotherapy treatment planning strategies, are also discussed. This review may contribute to the effective development of thermoradiotherapy planning in clinics.
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Kaburcuk F. Effects of a brain tumor in a dispersive human head on SAR and temperature rise distributions due to RF sources at 4G and 5G frequencies. Electromagn Biol Med 2019; 38:168-176. [PMID: 30889978 DOI: 10.1080/15368378.2019.1591441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, effects of a brain tumor located in a dispersive human head model on specific absorption rate (SAR) and temperature rise distributions due to different types of RF sources at 4G and 5G cellular frequencies are investigated with the use of a multiphysics model. This multiphysics model analyzes the dispersive human head with the brain tumor and provides the SAR and temperature rise distributions in the head due to the RF source operated at 4G and 5G cellular frequencies in a single finite-difference time-domain simulation. An adjacent antenna operated at 4G and 5G cellular frequencies to the human head is considered as the RF source for near-field exposure, while a plane wave field radiated by base stations operated at 4G and 5G cellular frequencies is considered as the RF source for far-field exposure. Numerical results show that the brain tumor in the head slightly affects the SAR and temperature rise distributions due to different RF sources at 4G and 5G cellular frequencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatih Kaburcuk
- a Electrical and Electronic Engineering Department , Erzurum Technical University , Erzurum , Turkey
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8
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Breast cancer cells exhibits specific dielectric signature in vitro using the open-ended coaxial probe technique from 200 MHz to 13.6 GHz. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4681. [PMID: 30886170 PMCID: PMC6423298 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41124-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Here we investigated the feasibility of using microwave spectroscopy for characterization of normal and breast cancer cell lines cultured in vitro. Healthy non-tumorigenic, MCF-10A and breast cancer, MDA-MB-231, Hs578T, T47D and MCF-7 cell lines were electrically characterized using the open-ended coaxial probe technique from 200 MHz to 13.6 GHz. The dielectric constant, dielectric loss and conductivity between breast non-tumorigenic and breast cancer cells lines were analyzed and their differences determined. Our results showed that the four breast cancer cell lines analyzed exhibited higher dielectric properties when compared to healthy cells. Interestingly, we found that breast and colon cancer cells have different dielectric properties as well, thus suggesting that each type of cancer has a unique microwave signature. This study shows that microwave characterization of breast cancer cell lines is reliable with potential in biomedical applications such as designing electromagnetic models for detection of tumorous cells in healthy tissues.
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Guardiola M, Buitrago S, Fernández-Esparrach G, O'Callaghan JM, Romeu J, Cuatrecasas M, Córdova H, González Ballester MÁ, Camara O. Dielectric properties of colon polyps, cancer, and normal mucosa: Ex vivo measurements from 0.5 to 20 GHz. Med Phys 2018; 45:3768-3782. [PMID: 29807391 DOI: 10.1002/mp.13016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Colorectal cancer is highly preventable by detecting and removing polyps, which are the precursors. Currently, the most accurate test is colonoscopy, but still misses 22% of polyps due to visualization limitations. In this paper, we preliminary assess the potential of microwave imaging and dielectric properties (e.g., complex permittivity) as a complementary method for detecting polyps and cancer tissue in the colon. The dielectric properties of biological tissues have been used in a wide variety of applications, including safety assessment of wireless technologies and design of medical diagnostic or therapeutic techniques (microwave imaging, hyperthermia, and ablation). The main purpose of this work is to measure the complex permittivity of different types of colon polyps, cancer, and normal mucosa in ex vivo human samples to study if the dielectric properties are appropriate for classification purposes. METHODS The complex permittivity of freshly excised healthy colon tissue, cancer, and histological samples of different types of polyps from 23 patients was characterized using an open-ended coaxial probe between 0.5 and 20 GHz. The obtained measurements were classified into five tissue groups before applying a data reduction step with a frequency dispersive single-pole Debye model. The classification was finally compared with pathological analysis of tissue samples, which is the gold standard. RESULTS The complex permittivity progressively increases as the tissue degenerates from normal to cancer. When comparing to the gold-standard histological tissue analysis, the sensitivity and specificity of the proposed method is the following: 100% and 95% for cancer diagnosis; 91% and 62% for adenomas with high-grade dysplasia; 100% and 61% for adenomas with low-grade dysplasia; and 100% and 74% for hyperplastic polyps, respectively. In addition, complex permittivity measurements were independent of the lesion shape and size, which is also an interesting property comparing to current colonoscopy techniques. CONCLUSIONS The contrast in complex permittivities between normal and abnormal colon tissues presented here for the first time demonstrate the potential of these measurements for tissue classification. It also opens the door to the development of a microwave endoscopic device to complement the outcomes of colonoscopy with functional tissue information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Guardiola
- BCN-MedTech, Department of Information and Communication Technologies, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, 08018, Spain
| | - Santiago Buitrago
- CommSensLab, Department of Signal Theory and Communications, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, 08034, Spain
| | - Glòria Fernández-Esparrach
- Endoscopy Unit, Institut de Malalties Digestives i Metabòliques, IDIBAPS, CIBERehd, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, 08036, Spain
| | - Joan M O'Callaghan
- CommSensLab, Department of Signal Theory and Communications, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, 08034, Spain
| | - Jordi Romeu
- CommSensLab, Department of Signal Theory and Communications, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, 08034, Spain
| | - Miriam Cuatrecasas
- Pathology Department, CDB, Hospital Clínic, IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona, Banc de Tumors Biobanc Clinic-IDIBAPS, Barcelona, 08036, Spain
| | - Henry Córdova
- Endoscopy Unit, Institut de Malalties Digestives i Metabòliques, IDIBAPS, CIBERehd, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, 08036, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel González Ballester
- BCN-MedTech, Department of Information and Communication Technologies, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, 08018, Spain
- ICREA, Barcelona, 08010, Spain
| | - Oscar Camara
- BCN-MedTech, Department of Information and Communication Technologies, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, 08018, Spain
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Effect of tumor properties on energy absorption, temperature mapping, and thermal dose in 13.56-MHz radiofrequency hyperthermia. J Therm Biol 2018; 74:281-289. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2018.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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11
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Guérin B, Villena JF, Polimeridis AG, Adalsteinsson E, Daniel L, White JK, Rosen BR, Wald LL. Computation of ultimate SAR amplification factors for radiofrequency hyperthermia in non-uniform body models: impact of frequency and tumour location. Int J Hyperthermia 2018; 34:87-100. [PMID: 28540815 PMCID: PMC5681886 DOI: 10.1080/02656736.2017.1319077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We introduce a method for calculation of the ultimate specific absorption rate (SAR) amplification factors (uSAF) in non-uniform body models. The uSAF is the greatest possible SAF achievable by any hyperthermia (HT) phased array for a given frequency, body model and target heating volume. METHODS First, we generate a basis-set of solutions to Maxwell's equations inside the body model. We place a large number of electric and magnetic dipoles around the body model and excite them with random amplitudes and phases. We then compute the electric fields created in the body model by these excitations using an ultra-fast volume integral solver called MARIE. We express the field pattern that maximises the SAF in the target tumour as a linear combination of these basis fields and optimise the combination weights so as to maximise SAF (concave problem). We compute the uSAFs in the Duke body models at 10 frequencies in the 20-900 MHz range and for twelve 3 cm-diameter tumours located at various depths in the head and neck. RESULTS For both shallow and deep tumours, the frequency yielding the greatest uSAF was ∼900 MHz. Since this is the greatest frequency that we simulated, we hypothesise that the globally optimal frequency is actually greater. CONCLUSIONS The uSAFs computed in this work are very large (40-100 for shallow tumours and 4-17 for deep tumours), indicating that there is a large room for improvement of the current state-of-the-art head and neck HT devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastien Guérin
- a Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology , Massachusetts General Hospital , Charlestown , MA , USA
- b Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA , USA
| | | | | | - Elfar Adalsteinsson
- e Research Laboratory of Electronics , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , MA , USA
- f Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences Technology , Cambridge , MA , USA
| | - Luca Daniel
- e Research Laboratory of Electronics , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , MA , USA
| | - Jacob K White
- e Research Laboratory of Electronics , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , MA , USA
| | - Bruce R Rosen
- a Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology , Massachusetts General Hospital , Charlestown , MA , USA
- b Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA , USA
- f Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences Technology , Cambridge , MA , USA
| | - Lawrence L Wald
- a Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology , Massachusetts General Hospital , Charlestown , MA , USA
- b Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA , USA
- f Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences Technology , Cambridge , MA , USA
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12
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Li Z, Wang W, Cai Z, Han S, Lin S, He L, Chen M, Pan D, Deng G, Duan S, Xin SX. Variation in the dielectric properties of freshly excised colorectal cancerous tissues at different tumor stages. Bioelectromagnetics 2017; 38:522-532. [PMID: 28715607 DOI: 10.1002/bem.22066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Li
- Department of General Surgery; Zhujiang Hospital; Southern Medical University; Guangzhou China
| | - Weiwei Wang
- Department of General Surgery; Zhujiang Hospital; Southern Medical University; Guangzhou China
| | - Zhai Cai
- Department of General Surgery; Zhujiang Hospital; Southern Medical University; Guangzhou China
| | - Shuai Han
- Department of General Surgery; Zhujiang Hospital; Southern Medical University; Guangzhou China
| | - Shiming Lin
- Department of General Surgery; Zhujiang Hospital; Southern Medical University; Guangzhou China
| | - Linyun He
- Department of General Surgery; Zhujiang Hospital; Southern Medical University; Guangzhou China
| | - Miaoliang Chen
- Department of General Surgery; Zhujiang Hospital; Southern Medical University; Guangzhou China
| | - Dongyue Pan
- Department of General Surgery; Zhujiang Hospital; Southern Medical University; Guangzhou China
| | - Guanhua Deng
- Department of Oncology; Guangdong 999 Brain Hospital; Guangzhou China
| | - Song Duan
- Biomedical Engineering; Southern Medical University; Guangzhou China
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Fornes-Leal A, Garcia-Pardo C, Frasson M, Pons Beltrán V, Cardona N. Dielectric characterization of healthy and malignant colon tissues in the 0.5-18 GHz frequency band. Phys Med Biol 2016; 61:7334-7346. [PMID: 27694718 DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/61/20/7334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Several reports over the last few decades have shown that the dielectric properties of healthy and malignant tissues of the same body organ usually show different values. However, no intensive dielectric studies of human colon tissue have been performed, despite colon cancer's being one of the most common types of cancer in the world. In order to provide information regarding this matter, a dielectric characterization of healthy and malignant colon tissues is presented. Measurements are performed on ex vivo surgery samples obtained from 20 patients, using an open-ended coaxial probe in the 0.5-18 GHz frequency band. Results show that the dielectric constant of colon cancerous tissue is 8.8% higher than that of healthy tissues (p = 0.002). Besides, conductivity is about 10.6% higher, but in this case measurements do not have statistical significance (p = 0.038). Performing an analysis per patient, the differences in dielectric constant between healthy and malignant tissues appear systematically. Particularized results for specific frequencies (500 MHz, 900 MHz, 2.45 GHz, 5 GHz, 8.5 GHz and 15 GHz) are also reported. The findings have potential application in early-stage cancer detection and diagnosis, and can be useful in developing new tools for hyperthermia treatments as well as creating electromagnetic models of healthy and cancerous tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Fornes-Leal
- iTEAM, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 València, Spain
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14
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Van de Moortele PF. Simultaneous Quantitative Imaging of Electrical Properties and Proton Density From B 1 Maps Using MRI. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL IMAGING 2016; 35:2064-2073. [PMID: 28005010 PMCID: PMC5189661 DOI: 10.1109/tmi.2016.2547988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Electrical conductivity and permittivity of biological tissues are important diagnostic parameters and are useful for calculating subject-specific specific absorption rate distribution. On the other hand, water proton density also has clinical relevance for diagnosis purposes. These two kinds of tissue properties are inevitably associated in the technique of electrical properties tomography (EPT), which can be used to map in vivo electrical properties based on the measured B1 field distribution at Larmor frequency using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The signal magnitude in MR images is locally proportional to both the proton density of tissue and the receive B1 field; this is a source of artifact in receive B1-based EPT reconstruction because these two quantities cannot easily be disentangled. In this study, a new method was proposed for simultaneously extracting quantitative conductivity, permittivity and proton density from the measured magnitude of transmit B1 field, proton density-weighted receive B1 field, and transceiver phase, in a multi-channel radiofrequency (RF) coil using MRI, without specific assumptions to derive the proton density distribution. We evaluated the spatial resolution, sensitivity to contrast, and accuracy of the method using numerical simulations of B1 field in a phantom and in a realistic human head model. Using the proposed method, conductivity, permittivity and proton density were then experimentally obtained ex vivo in a pork tissue sample on a 7T MRI scanner equipped with a 16-channel microstrip transceiver RF coil.
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Marques JP, Sodickson DK, Ipek O, Collins CM, Gruetter R. Single acquisition electrical property mapping based on relative coil sensitivities: A proof-of-concept demonstration. Magn Reson Med 2014; 74:185-195. [PMID: 25099920 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.25399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Revised: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 07/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE All methods presented to date to map both conductivity and permittivity rely on multiple acquisitions to compute quantitatively the magnitude of radiofrequency transmit fields, B1+. In this work, we propose a method to compute both conductivity and permittivity based solely on relative receive coil sensitivities ( B1-) that can be obtained in one single measurement without the need to neither explicitly perform transmit/receive phase separation nor make assumptions regarding those phases. THEORY AND METHODS To demonstrate the validity and the noise sensitivity of our method we used electromagnetic finite differences simulations of a 16-channel transceiver array. To experimentally validate our methodology at 7 Tesla, multi compartment phantom data was acquired using a standard 32-channel receive coil system and two-dimensional (2D) and 3D gradient echo acquisition. The reconstructed electric properties were correlated to those measured using dielectric probes. RESULTS The method was demonstrated both in simulations and in phantom data with correlations to both the modeled and bench measurements being close to identity. The noise properties were modeled and understood. CONCLUSION The proposed methodology allows to quantitatively determine the electrical properties of a sample using any MR contrast, with the only constraint being the need to have 4 or more receive coils and high SNR. Magn Reson Med 74:185-195, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- José P Marques
- Department of Radiology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Daniel K Sodickson
- Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ozlem Ipek
- Laboratory for Functional and Metabolic Imaging, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Christopher M Collins
- Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Rolf Gruetter
- Department of Radiology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Laboratory for Functional and Metabolic Imaging, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Radiology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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Abstract
Microwave tissue heating is being increasingly utilised in several medical applications, including focal tumour ablation, cardiac ablation, haemostasis and resection assistance. Computational modelling of microwave ablations is a precise and repeatable technique that can assist with microwave system design, treatment planning and procedural analysis. Advances in coupling temperature and water content to electrical and thermal properties, along with tissue contraction, have led to increasingly accurate computational models. Developments in experimental validation have led to broader acceptability and applicability of these newer models. This review will discuss the basic theory, current trends and future direction of computational modelling of microwave ablations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Chiang
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin – Madison, Madison WI
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin – Madison, Madison WI
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin – Madison, Madison WI
| | - Christopher L. Brace
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin – Madison, Madison WI
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin – Madison, Madison WI
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Yacoob SM, Hassan NS. FDTD analysis of a noninvasive hyperthermia system for brain tumors. Biomed Eng Online 2012; 11:47. [PMID: 22891953 PMCID: PMC3477032 DOI: 10.1186/1475-925x-11-47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2011] [Accepted: 07/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hyperthermia is considered one of the new therapeutic modalities for cancer treatment and is based on the difference in thermal sensitivity between healthy tissues and tumors. During hyperthermia treatment, the temperature of the tumor is raised to 40–45°C for a definite period resulting in the destruction of cancer cells. This paper investigates design, modeling and simulation of a new non-invasive hyperthermia applicator system capable of effectively heating deep seated as well as superficial brain tumors using inexpensive, simple, and easy to fabricate components without harming surrounding healthy brain tissues. Methods The proposed hyperthermia applicator system is composed of an air filled partial half ellipsoidal chamber, a patch antenna, and a head model with an embedded tumor at an arbitrary location. The irradiating antenna is placed at one of the foci of the hyperthermia chamber while the center of the brain tumor is placed at the other focus. The finite difference time domain (FDTD) method is used to compute both the SAR patterns and the temperature distribution in three different head models due to two different patch antennas at a frequency of 915 MHz. Results The obtained results suggest that by using the proposed noninvasive hyperthermia system it is feasible to achieve sufficient and focused energy deposition and temperature rise to therapeutic values in deep seated as well as superficial brain tumors without harming surrounding healthy tissue. Conclusions The proposed noninvasive hyperthermia system proved suitable for raising the temperature in tumors embedded in the brain to therapeutic values by carefully selecting the systems components. The operator of the system only needs to place the center of the brain tumor at a pre-specified location and excite the antenna at a single frequency of 915 MHz. Our study may provide a basis for a clinical applicator prototype capable of heating brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sulafa M Yacoob
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
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