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Wang LM, Zhang WL, Lyu N, Suo YR, Yang L, Yu B, Jiang XJ. Research Advance of Chinese Medicine in Treating Atherosclerosis: Focus on Lipoprotein-Associated Phospholipase A2. Chin J Integr Med 2024; 30:277-288. [PMID: 38057549 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-023-3611-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
As a serious cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis (AS) causes chronic inflammation and oxidative stress in the body and poses a threat to human health. Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) is a member of the phospholipase A2 (PLA2) family, and its elevated levels have been shown to contribute to AS. Lp-PLA2 is closely related to a variety of lipoproteins, and its role in promoting inflammatory responses and oxidative stress in AS is mainly achieved by hydrolyzing oxidized phosphatidylcholine (oxPC) to produce lysophosphatidylcholine (lysoPC). Moreover, macrophage apoptosis within plaque is promoted by localized Lp-PLA2 which also promotes plaque instability. This paper reviews those researches of Chinese medicine in treating AS via reducing Lp-PLA2 levels to guide future experimental studies and clinical applications related to AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Ming Wang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Wen-Lan Zhang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Nuan Lyu
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Yan-Rong Suo
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ganzhou People's Hospital, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province, 341000, China
| | - Lin Yang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Bin Yu
- School of Medical Technology, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China.
| | - Xi-Juan Jiang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
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Wang R, Gao K, Wang L, Gong X, Wu Y, Zheng L, Han S, Li L, Xue M. A cross-sectional study exploring the relationship between oxidative balance score and 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2011-2020). Diab Vasc Dis Res 2024; 21:14791641241244658. [PMID: 38597578 PMCID: PMC11008352 DOI: 10.1177/14791641241244658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The intricate interaction between oxidative stress and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is an essential area of research because of the potential role of oxidative homeostasis in regulating ASCVD risk. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the oxidative balance score (OBS) and the 10-years risk of ASCVD to gain insight into how oxidative balance affects cardiovascular health. METHODS This cross-sectional study analyzed National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2020 data (40-79 age group), exploring OBS's link to 10-years ASCVD risk. OBS categorized dietary and lifestyle factors. Multivariate logistic regression controlled for age, sex, race, and demographics. A restricted cubic spline examined linear relationships; robustness was ensured through subgroup analyses. RESULTS Analysis of 4955 participants reveals a negative association between OBS and 10-years ASCVD risk. Continuous OBS adjusted OR: 0.97 (95% CI: 0.95∼0.99, p < .001). Quartile analysis shows reduced risk in Q2 0.88 (95% CI: 0.63∼1.22, p = .43), Q3 0.92 (95% CI: 0.66∼1.28, p = .614), and Q4 0.59 (95% CI: 0.42∼0.83, p = .002) compare Q1. Quartile analysis indicated decreasing risk in higher OBS quartiles. Lifestyle OBS and Dietary OBS demonstrated similar trends. Stratified analyses highlight race and hypertension as effect modifiers (p < .05). CONCLUSION Our study suggests an association between higher OBS and a reduced 10-years ASCVD risk. However, causation should not be inferred, and in the future, more extensive clinical and fundamental research is required to delve deeper into this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rumeng Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Gao
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lianhua Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Gong
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanyan Wu
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liying Zheng
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Senfu Han
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lizhi Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mei Xue
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Xing C, Huo L, Tang H, Lu Y, Liu G, Chen F, Hou Z. The predictive value of miR-377 and phospholipase A2 in the early diagnosis of diabetic kidney disease and their relationship with inflammatory factors. Immunobiology 2024; 229:152792. [PMID: 38401467 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2024.152792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The value of novel biomarkers for DKD has received increasing attention, and there is an urgent need for novel biomarkers with sensitivity, specificity and ability to detect kidney damage.miR-377 regulates many basic biological processes, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation, migration and inflammation, and can also increase the expression of matrix proteins and fibronectin, leading to renal tubulointerstitial inflammation and renal fibrosis. Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2, as an inflammatory marker, is involved in the pathological process of microalbuminuria production and renal function decline, and is a predictive factor of microalbuminuria production and renal function decline, and can be used as an indicator to evaluate the progression of DKD.The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of miR-377 and phospholipase A2 on the development of diabetic kidney disease through regulation of inflammatory factors and the mechanism of action. METHODS 80 diabetic patients were divided into two groups according to urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR): diabetic normal proteinuria group (n = 42) and diabetic proteinuria group (n = 38). Forty-three healthy people were selected as the normal control group. The serum levels of TGF-β, IL-6, and IL-18 were measured by ELISA, miR-377 was detected by qPCR, and the serum levels of phospholipase A2 were detected by electrochemiluminescence. Analyze the correlation of study group indicators, ROC curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of miR-377 and phospholipase A2 in diabetic kidney disease. RESULTS The average levels of serum TGF-β, IL-6, IL-18, miR-377 and phospholipase A2 in diabetic proteinuria group were significantly higher than those in normal control group and diabetic proteinuria normal group(P < 0.05). miR-377, phospholipase A2 were significantly correlated with inflammatory factors such as glomerular filtration rate and TGF-β. miR-377 and phospholipase A2 are independent predictors of diabetic kidney disease. The area under the curve of miR-377 and phospholipase A2 in the normal diabetic proteinuria group and the diabetic proteinuria group were 0.731 and 0.744, respectively. CONCLUSION miR-377 and phospholipase A2 have good diagnostic efficiency for the early diagnosis of diabetic kidney disease. They can be used as early biomarkers.miR-377 and phospholipase A2 were positively correlated with inflammatory factors and involved in the occurrence and development of diabetic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenhao Xing
- Hebei North University, Zhang Jiakou 075000, Hebei province, China
| | - Lijing Huo
- Clinical laboratory of Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei province, China
| | - Hongyue Tang
- Hebei North University, Zhang Jiakou 075000, Hebei province, China
| | - Yamin Lu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine of Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei province, China.
| | - Guangxia Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine of Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei province, China
| | - Fang Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine of Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei province, China
| | - Zhan Hou
- Department of Nuclear Medicine of Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei province, China
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Kostner KM, Kostner GM. The 10 essential questions regarding lipoprotein(a). Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2024; 27:136-143. [PMID: 37997792 DOI: 10.1097/mco.0000000000000994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Lp(a) is one of the most atherogenic lipoproteins, and significant progress has been made to understand its pathophysiology over the last 20 years. There are now selective therapies in late-stage clinical trials to lower Lp(a). Yet there are many outstanding questions about Lp(a). This review outlines 10 of the most burning questions and tries to answer some of them. RECENT FINDINGS Antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) treatment is currently the most advanced therapy to lower plasma Lp(a) by 60-80%. There are, however, also two small molecule medications in early stage of development with similar efficacy. SUMMARY This review aims to answer important preclinical and clinical questions about the metabolism and physiological role of Lp(a) and also outlines possible therapeutic approaches with nutraceuticals, currently available lipid-lowering therapies and new medications. In addition, ways are illustrated to use Lp(a) as a marker to better predict cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karam M Kostner
- Department of Cardiology Mater Hospital and University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Gerhard M Kostner
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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Tselepis AD. Treatment of Lp(a): Is It the Future or Are We Ready Today? Curr Atheroscler Rep 2023; 25:679-689. [PMID: 37668953 PMCID: PMC10564831 DOI: 10.1007/s11883-023-01141-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The goal of this review is to present the pharmacodynamic effectiveness as well as the clinical efficacy and safety of investigational antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) and small interference RNAs (siRNAs) drugs that specifically target lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)). The review will discuss whether the existing lipid-lowering therapies are adequate to treat high Lp(a) levels or whether it is necessary to use the emerging new therapeutic approaches which are based on the current RNA technologies. RECENT FINDINGS Lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) is a causal risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), independent of other conventional risk factors. High Lp(a) levels are also independently associated with an increased risk of aortic stenosis progression rate. Plasma Lp(a) levels are primarily genetically determined by variation in the LPA gene coding for apo(a). All secondary prevention trials have demonstrated that the existing hypolipidemic therapies are not adequate to reduce Lp(a) levels to such an extent that could lead to a substantial reduction of ASCVD risk. This has led to the development of new drugs that target the mRNA transcript of LPA and efficiently inhibit Lp(a) synthesis leading to potent Lp(a) reduction. These new drugs are the ASO pelacarsen and the siRNAs olpasiran and SLN360. Recent pharmacodynamic studies showed that all these drugs potently reduce Lp(a) up to 98%, in a dose-dependent manner. Ongoing clinical trials will determine the Lp(a)-lowering efficacy, tolerability, and safety of these drugs as well as their potential effectiveness in reducing the ASCVD risk attributed to high plasma Lp(a) levels. We are not ready today to significantly reduce plasma Lp(a). Emerging therapies potently decrease Lp(a) and ongoing clinical trials will determine their effectiveness in reducing ASCVD risk in subjects with high Lp(a) levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros D Tselepis
- Atherothrombosis Research Centre/Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110, Ioannina, Greece.
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Iametti S. Preface. Biofactors 2023; 49:974-975. [PMID: 37712487 DOI: 10.1002/biof.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Iametti
- Section of Chemical and Biomolecular Sciences, Departement of Food, Enviromental and Nutritional Sciences, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
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Zhang J, Lu X, Wu R, Ni H, Xu L, Wu W, Lu C, Feng J, Jin Y. Associations between composite dietary antioxidant index and estimated 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk among U.S. adults. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1214875. [PMID: 37637947 PMCID: PMC10447978 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1214875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) remains the leading cause of death and disability both in U.S. and worldwide. Antioxidants have been proved critical in mitigating the development of atherosclerosis. This study aimed to investigate the associations between composite dietary antioxidant index (CDAI) and estimated 10-year ASCVD risk among U.S. adults. Methods Data extracted from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were analyzed. A total of 10,984 adults aged 18 years and above were included in this study. CDAI was calculated based on the dietary intake reported in their 24-h recall interviews. The estimated 10-year ASCVD risk was calculated via Pooled Cohort Equations (PCE). Results After adjusting potential confounders, it was indicated that CDAI score was negatively correlated with 10-year ASCVD risk (OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.95-0.99). Stratify CDAI score by quartile, results showed that participants in the second, third, and fourth quartiles had lower ASCVD odds ratio (Q2: OR 0.87, 95% CI 0.69-1.09; Q3: OR 0.78, 95% CI 0.62-0.98; Q4: OR 0.74, 95% CI 0.59-0.94) than those in the first quartile (Q1, lowest CDAI score group), which was confirmed by the trend test as well (p < 0.05). Subgroup analyses stratified by sex, age, race/ethnicity, and smoking status did not show significant effect modification. Conclusion Higher dietary antioxidants intake is associated with lower ASCVD risk among U.S. adults, for which policymakers and healthcare professionals may consider increasing the consumption of antioxidant-rich foods as a preventive strategy for ASCVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shanghai Seventh People’s Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueqin Lu
- Department of Nutrition, Shanghai Seventh People’s Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruifeng Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai Seventh People’s Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hanchen Ni
- Department of Nursing, Shanghai Seventh People’s Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingli Xu
- Intensive Care Unit, Shanghai Seventh People’s Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjuan Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Diagnosis and Treatment, Shanghai Seventh People’s Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng Lu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shanghai Seventh People’s Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiayi Feng
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shanghai Seventh People’s Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongmei Jin
- Department of Nursing, Shanghai Seventh People’s Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Deciphering Complex Interactions in Bioactive Lipid Signaling. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062622. [PMID: 36985594 PMCID: PMC10057854 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipids are usually viewed as metabolic fuel and structural membrane components. Yet, in recent years, different families of lipids able to act as authentic messengers between cells and/or intracellularly have been discovered. Such lipid signals have been shown to exert their biological activity via specific receptors that, by triggering distinct signal transduction pathways, regulate manifold pathophysiological processes in our body. Here, endogenous bioactive lipids produced from arachidonic acid (AA) and other poly-unsaturated fatty acids will be presented, in order to put into better perspective the relevance of their mutual interactions for health and disease conditions. To this end, metabolism and signal transduction pathways of classical eicosanoids, endocannabinoids and specialized pro-resolving mediators will be described, and the intersections and commonalities of their metabolic enzymes and binding receptors will be discussed. Moreover, the interactions of AA-derived signals with other bioactive lipids such as shingosine-1-phosphate and steroid hormones will be addressed.
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