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Brennan L, Balakumar R, Bennett W. The role of ChatGPT in enhancing ENT surgical training - a trainees' perspective. J Laryngol Otol 2024; 138:480-486. [PMID: 37583313 DOI: 10.1017/s0022215123001354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE ChatGPT, developed by Open AI (November 2022) is a powerful artificial intelligence language model, designed to produce human-like text from user-written prompts. Prompts must give context-specific information to produce valuable responses. Otolaryngology is a specialist field that sees limited exposure during undergraduate and postgraduate education. Additionally, otolaryngology trainees have seen a reduction in learning opportunities since the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. METHOD This article aims to give guidance on optimising the ChatGPT system in the context of education for otolaryngology by reviewing barriers to otolaryngology education and suggesting ways that ChatGPT can overcome them by providing examples using the authors' experience. RESULTS Overall, the authors saw that ChatGPT demonstrated some useful qualities, particularly with regards to assistance with communication skills and individualised patient responses. CONCLUSION Although ChatGPT cannot replace traditional mentorship and practical surgical experience, it can serve as an invaluable supplementary resource to education in otolaryngology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Brennan
- Department of ENT, St Michaels Hospital, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston, Bristol, UK
| | - Ramkishan Balakumar
- Department of ENT, St Michaels Hospital, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston, Bristol, UK
| | - Warren Bennett
- Department of ENT, St Michaels Hospital, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston, Bristol, UK
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Maeda K, Shigemura K, Fang SB, Yang YM, Chiang YT, Sung SY, Chen KC, Nakano Y, Miyara T, Fujisawa M. A comparison of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on urological surgeries in Japan and Taiwan. Int J Urol 2023; 30:43-49. [PMID: 36594525 DOI: 10.1111/iju.15056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We report the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on urological surgeries and hospital policies at two hospitals in Japan and Taiwan. METHODS We retrospectively surveyed the number of surgeries every 3 months in the Urology Department of Kobe University Hospital (KUH), Kobe, Japan before (January 2019-March 2020) and after (April 2020-September 2021) the COVID-19 outbreak, and in the Urology Department of Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University (SHH-TMU), Taiwan before (January 2021-March 2021) and after (April 2021-September 2021) the outbreak, and compared the averages and types of surgery. RESULTS In Kobe, COVID-19 patients were stratified such that other regional hospitals gave priority to treating COVID-19 while KUH gave priority to treating non-COVID-19 patients. In KUH, the number of surgeries did not change significantly, 237.2 ± 29.6 versus 246.3 ± 20.8 (p = 0.453). In Taiwan COVID-19 patients increased sharply in May 2021, and teaching hospitals in Taiwan were obliged to provide 20% of their total beds for COVID-19 patients. At SHH-TMU, there was a 33.3% drop in the number of surgeries during April-June 2021 compared to the pre-pandemic average. However, no significant changes were observed, 423.4 ± 68.4 versus 373 ± 91.0 (p = 0.298), because of the subsequent success in controlling the COVID-19 infection. CONCLUSIONS The comparison of infection control measures between the two countries revealed that while both KUH and SHH-TMU successfully maintained the number of surgeries, the reasons for this were different for each.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koki Maeda
- Department of Urology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Katsumi Shigemura
- Department of Urology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.,Department of Public Health, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
| | - Shiuh-Bin Fang
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Pediatrics, Medical University Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Young-Min Yang
- Department of Urology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yi-Te Chiang
- Department of Urology, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shian-Ying Sung
- The International Ph.D. Program for Translational Science, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Chou Chen
- Department of Urology, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yuzo Nakano
- Department of Urology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takayuki Miyara
- Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Kobe University Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Masato Fujisawa
- Department of Urology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
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Online Survey Evaluation of Three Years of European Society of Thoracic Surgeons Educational Webinars as Part of The E-learning Platform. World J Surg 2023; 47:534-544. [PMID: 36280616 PMCID: PMC9592132 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-022-06790-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND E-learning has become an important tool in surgical education in the last decade. The European Society of Thoracic Surgeons launched its e-learning platform in 2013 and started its educational webinars series in 2018. The aim of this paper is to discuss the introduction, evolution and impact of the educational webinars within this e-learning platform. METHODS Twenty-four English spoken webinars discussing different subdomains in general thoracic surgery (21 expert talks, 2 pro-con debates and 1 multidisciplinary case discussion) were analyzed. An online questionnaire on timing, quality and technical aspects of the webinars was sent to 3012 registrants. RESULTS The webinars reached 3128 unique registrants from 76 countries worldwide. The mean number of registrants was 355 with 171 live attendees (48%) and 155 replay watchers (36%). Hundred and twenty-six attendees (13.1% of people who registered for at least 4 webinars) completed the questionnaire. Timing and duration of the webinars were rated "very good" to "excellent" in 78%, and the quality of the webinar content and the expertise of the webinar presenters were rated "very good" to "excellent" in 88% and 90%, respectively. The impact on knowledge and clinical practice was scored with a weighted average of 7.27 out of 10 and 6.79 out of 10, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The ESTS educational webinars were effective in delivering up-to-date knowledge to almost half of the countries around the globe. The impact of these events on knowledge and clinical practice were rated high. New e-learning tools should be added to the surgical educational curriculum.
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Ando K, Ando A, Tanaka A, Koba S, Sagara H. Educational Effects of Simulation and Non-Simulation Training in Airway Management according to Levels of the Kirkpatrick Model: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11195614. [PMID: 36233481 PMCID: PMC9571641 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11195614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
There is insufficient validation of the effectiveness of simulation-based training (Sim) or non-simulation-based training (non-Sim) for teaching airway management to healthcare professionals within the literature. We thus conducted a network meta-analysis comparing the effectiveness of Sim, non-Sim, and no educational intervention (NI) for airway management. The primary endpoints were knowledge scores (KnS) and behavioral performance scores (BpS) corresponding to assessments at levels 2 and 3 of the Kirkpatrick model, respectively. Effect sizes were expressed as standardized mean differences (Std. MD) and 95% credible intervals (CrIs). Regarding KnS, the educational effects of Sim and non-Sim were significantly improved compared to those of NI (Std. MD [95% CI]: 1.110 [0.903–1.316] and 0.819 [0.209–1.429], respectively); there was no significant difference between Sim and non-Sim. The educational effect of Sim in BpS was significantly improved compared to that of non-Sim and NI (0.850 [0.015–1.691] and 0.660 [0.241–1.076]); there were no differences between non-Sim and NI. Surface under the cumulative rank curve values demonstrated that Sim ranked highest in efficacy for KnS and BpS. This study provides valuable information regarding the educational efficacy of Sim and non-Sim in airway management. Larger randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Ando
- Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8666, Japan
- Division of Internal Medicine, Showa University Dental Hospital Medical Clinic, Senzoku Campus, Showa University, 2-1-1 Kita-senzoku, Ohta-ku, Tokyo 145-8515, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-3784-8532
| | - Akane Ando
- Department of Anesthesiology, Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8666, Japan
| | - Akihiko Tanaka
- Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8666, Japan
| | - Shinji Koba
- Division of Internal Medicine, Showa University Dental Hospital Medical Clinic, Senzoku Campus, Showa University, 2-1-1 Kita-senzoku, Ohta-ku, Tokyo 145-8515, Japan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8666, Japan
| | - Hironori Sagara
- Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8666, Japan
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Kuroda N, Suzuki A, Ozawa K, Nagai N, Okuyama Y, Koshiishi K, Yamada M, Raita Y, Kakisaka Y, Nakasato N, Kikukawa M. Educational Approaches That Enhance Online Clinical Clerkship during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Intern Med 2022; 61:2431-2440. [PMID: 35676035 PMCID: PMC9449622 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.9291-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This cross-sectional national study determined which educational approaches are associated with the effectiveness of online clerkship for medical students. Method A survey was conducted for medical students at 78 medical schools in Japan from May 29 to June 14, 2020. It comprised the following aspects: (a) participants' profiles, (b) number of opportunities to learn from each educational approach (lecture, medical quiz, assignment, oral presentation, observation of a physician's practice, clinical skill practice, participation in interprofessional meetings, and interactive discussions with physicians) in online clerkship, (c) frequency of technical problems, and (d) educational outcome measurement (satisfaction, motivation, knowledge acquisition, skill acquisition, change in self-study time, and understanding of the importance of medical care team). Results Of the 2,640 respondents, 2,594 (98.3%) agreed to cooperate. Ultimately, 1,711 matched our inclusion criteria. All educational approaches but assignments were positively associated with satisfaction and motivation. All educational approaches excluding assignment submission and interprofessional meeting were positively associated with knowledge acquisition. Observation, practice, and interprofessional meeting were positively associated with skill acquisition. Only assignment submission was positively associated with the change in self-study time. Educational approaches excluding medical quizzes were positively associated with understanding the importance of the medical care team. Technical problems were negatively associated with motivation, knowledge acquisition, and skill acquisition. Conclusions Educators should implement various educational approaches, especially observation and practice, even in online clinical clerkship. They also need to minimize the technical problems associated with the Internet, as they reduce the effectiveness of online clerkship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoto Kuroda
- Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University, USA
- Department of Epileptology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | | | - Kai Ozawa
- The Jikei University School of Medicine, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Yosuke Kakisaka
- Department of Epileptology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Nobukazu Nakasato
- Department of Epileptology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
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Raiji MT, Linden AF. Global Pediatric Surgery in the Era of COVID-19. Pediatr Ann 2022; 51:e316-e318. [PMID: 35938895 DOI: 10.3928/19382359-20220606-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
There is a tremendous unmet need regarding the surgical care of children in low- and middle-income countries. The rapid spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and the resultant redistribution of health care resources required to combat it, has created even more unique difficulties in the provision of safe, timely, and affordable surgical care of children globally. The downstream effects of potential diminished surgical capacity may even more significantly affect the morbidity and mortality of children. The full effects of these changes are yet to be seen. The COVID-19 pandemic has also created unique opportunities that can be built on moving forward. It is critical that the focus on global surgical needs, particularly for children, continues to be a priority to mitigate the challenges caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. [Pediatr Ann. 2022;51(8):e316-e318.].
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Assessment of Esophagectomy Videos on YouTube: Is Peer Review Necessary for Quality? J Surg Res 2022; 279:368-373. [PMID: 35820318 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2022.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Various online platforms, such as YouTube, are used for surgical education. Esophageal surgery is sophisticated and surgical videos may help reduce the time it takes for surgeons to learn these complicated operations. There is no clear consensus regarding the quality and reliability of esophagectomy videos on YouTube. We aimed to evaluate esophageal surgery videos published on YouTube in terms of quality and reliability. METHODS The keywords "esophagectomy" and "surgery" were both searched on YouTube and the first 150 results were evaluated. Eighty two videos were included in the analysis. The quality and reliability of the videos were determined using the esophagectomy scoring system (ESS) developed by the authors, the Journal of the American Medical Association benchmark criteria, and the video power index. RESULTS A total of 82 videos were reviewed. About two-thirds of the videos demonstrated the Ivor Lewis technique and included surgeries performed using the thoracoscopic/laparoscopic method. The videos were analyzed as per the source of the upload: academic (25.7%), industry-sponsored (9.7%), or individual (64.6%). When the scores were compared by the origin of the videos, industry-sponsored videos scored significantly higher than the videos produced by individuals and academic centers (P = 0.01). While the ESS and Journal of the American Medical Association benchmark criteria scores were significantly correlated (P = 0.00), no correlation was found between video length, video power index score, and ESS score. CONCLUSIONS Conducting a professional evaluation of videos before they are published on YouTube may enhance video quality. Moreover, valuable videos of better quality can be produced by improving the ESS and by assessing more videos.
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Haring RS, Rydberg LK, Mallow MK, Kortebein P, Verduzco-Gutierrez M. Development and Implementation of an International Virtual Didactic Series for Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Graduate Medical Education During COVID-19. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2022; 101:160-163. [PMID: 35026777 PMCID: PMC8745886 DOI: 10.1097/phm.0000000000001926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Coronavirus disease of 2019 presented significant challenges to residency and fellowship programs. Didactic lectures were particularly affected as redeployment of faculty and trainees, limitations on in-person gathering, and other barriers limited opportunities for educational engagement. We sought to develop an online didactic series to address this gap in graduate medical education.Lecturers were recruited via convenience sample and from previous Association of Academic Physiatrists presenters from across the United States and Canada; these presented via Zoom during April and May 2020. Lecturers and content reflected the diverse nature of the specialty. Learning objectives were adapted from the list of board examination topics provided by the American Board of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation.Fifty-nine lectures were presented. Maximum concurrent live viewership totaled 4272 and recorded lecture viewership accounted for an additional 6849 views, for a total of at least 11,208 views between the date of the first lecture (April 9, 2020) and May 1, 2021. Live viewers of one of the lectures reported participating from several states and 16 countries.The Association of Academic Physiatrists-led virtual didactics augmented graduate medical education during the coronavirus disease of 2019 pandemic, and data confirm that the lectures have continued to enjoy a high level of viewership after the cessation of live lectures.
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Puliatti S, Amato M, Farinha R, Paludo A, Rosiello G, De Groote R, Mari A, Bianchi L, Piazza P, Van Cleynenbreugel B, Mazzone E, Migliorini F, Forte S, Rocco B, Kiely P, Mottrie A, Gallagher AG. Does quality assured eLearning provide adequate preparation for robotic surgical skills; a prospective, randomized and multi-center study. Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg 2022; 17:457-465. [PMID: 34997525 PMCID: PMC8740863 DOI: 10.1007/s11548-021-02545-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Purpose In particular after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, there was a precipitous rush to implement virtual and online learning strategies in surgery and medicine. It is essential to understand whether this approach is sufficient and adequate to allow the development of robotic basic surgical skills. The main aim of the authors was to verify if the quality assured eLearning is sufficient to prepare individuals to perform a basic surgical robotic task.
Methods A prospective, randomized and multi-center study was conducted in September 2020 in the ORSI Academy, International surgical robotic training center. Forty-seven participants, with no experience but a special interest in robotic surgery, were matched and randomized into four groups who underwent a didactic preparation with different formats before carrying out a robotic suturing and anastomosis task. Didactic preparation methods ranged from a complete eLearning path to peer-reviewed published manuscripts describing the suturing, knot tying and task assessment metrics. Results The primary outcome was the percentage of trainees who demonstrated the quantitatively defined proficiency benchmark after learning to complete an assisted but unaided robotic vesico-urethral anastomosis task. The quantitatively defined benchmark was based on the objectively assessed performance (i.e., procedure steps completed, errors and critical errors) of experienced robotic surgeons for a proficiency-based progression (PBP) training course. None of the trainees in this study demonstrated the proficiency benchmarks in completing the robotic surgery task. Conclusions PBP-based e-learning methodology is an effective training method avoiding critical errors in the suturing and knotting task. Quality assured online learning is insufficient preparation for robotic suturing and knot tying anastomosis skills. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04541615.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Puliatti
- ORSI Academy, Melle, Belgium.
- Department of Urology, OLV, Aalst, Belgium.
- Department of Urology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
- Department of Urology, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - Marco Amato
- ORSI Academy, Melle, Belgium
- Department of Urology, OLV, Aalst, Belgium
- Department of Urology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Rui Farinha
- ORSI Academy, Melle, Belgium
- Department of Urology, OLV, Aalst, Belgium
| | - Artur Paludo
- ORSI Academy, Melle, Belgium
- Department of Urology, OLV, Aalst, Belgium
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), Cardio-Nephro-Thoracic Sciences Doctorate, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Urology, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Giuseppe Rosiello
- ORSI Academy, Melle, Belgium
- Department of Urology, OLV, Aalst, Belgium
- Division of Oncology/Unit of Urology, URI, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Ruben De Groote
- ORSI Academy, Melle, Belgium
- Department of Urology, OLV, Aalst, Belgium
| | - Andrea Mari
- Unit of Oncologic Minimally Invasive Urology and Andrology, Department of Urology, University of Florence, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Bianchi
- Office for the Vice President for Learning and Teaching, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Urology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Via Albertoni 15, Bologna, Italy
| | - Pietro Piazza
- ORSI Academy, Melle, Belgium
- Department of Urology, OLV, Aalst, Belgium
- Office for the Vice President for Learning and Teaching, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | | | - Elio Mazzone
- Division of Oncology/Unit of Urology, URI, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Filippo Migliorini
- Urology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata di Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Saverio Forte
- Urology and Andrology Unit II, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Bernardo Rocco
- Urology Department, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo - Milano, Università Statale di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Patrick Kiely
- ORSI Academy, Melle, Belgium
- Office for the Vice President for Learning and Teaching, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Alexandre Mottrie
- ORSI Academy, Melle, Belgium
- Department of Urology, OLV, Aalst, Belgium
| | - Anthony G Gallagher
- ORSI Academy, Melle, Belgium
- Faculty of Life and Health Sciences, Ulster University, Derry, Northern Ireland, UK
- Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Sotiropoulou M, Schizas D, Mulita F, Maroulis I, Vailas M. The impact of "COVID-mania" on medical scientific literature. Are we facing a publication pandemic? Eur Surg 2022; 54:126-127. [PMID: 33976694 PMCID: PMC8101603 DOI: 10.1007/s10353-021-00711-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Sotiropoulou
- grid.5216.00000 0001 2155 0800First Department of Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital, 17 Agiou Thoma, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Schizas
- grid.5216.00000 0001 2155 0800First Department of Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital, 17 Agiou Thoma, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Francesk Mulita
- grid.11047.330000 0004 0576 5395Department of Surgery, University of Patras, University Hospital of Patras, 26504 Patra, Greece
| | - Ioannis Maroulis
- grid.11047.330000 0004 0576 5395Department of Surgery, University of Patras, University Hospital of Patras, 26504 Patra, Greece
| | - Michail Vailas
- grid.5216.00000 0001 2155 0800First Department of Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital, 17 Agiou Thoma, 11527 Athens, Greece
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Attardi SM, Harmon DJ, Barremkala M, Bentley D, Brown KM, Dennis JF, Goldman H, Harrell KM, Klein BA, Ramnanan C, Farkas GJ. An analysis of anatomy education before and during Covid-19: August-December 2020. ANATOMICAL SCIENCES EDUCATION 2022; 15:5-26. [PMID: 34758206 PMCID: PMC8653345 DOI: 10.1002/ase.2152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease-2019 (Covid-19) disrupted the in-person teaching format of anatomy. To study changes in gross anatomy education that occurred during August-December, 2020 compared to before the pandemic, an online survey was distributed to anatomy educators. The 191 responses received were analyzed in total and by academic program, geographic region, and institution type. Cadaver use decreased overall (before: 74.1 ± 34.1%, during: 50.3 ± 43.0%, P < 0.0001), as well as across allopathic and osteopathic medicine, therapy, undergraduate, and veterinary programs (P < 0.05), but remained unchanged for other programs (P > 0.05). Cadaver use decreased internationally and in the US (P < 0.0001), at public and private (P < 0.0001) institutions, and among allopathic medical programs in Northeastern, Central, and Southern (P < 0.05), but not Western, US geographical regions. Laboratories during Covid-19 were delivered through synchronous (59%), asynchronous (4%), or mixed (37%) formats (P < 0.0001) and utilized digital resources (47%), dissection (32%), and/or prosection (21%) (P < 0.0001). The practical laboratory examination persisted during Covid-19 (P = 0.419); however, the setting and materials shifted to computer-based (P < 0.0001) and image-based (P < 0.0001), respectively. In-person lecture decreased during Covid-19 (before: 88%, during: 24%, P = 0.003). When anatomy digital resources were categorized, dissection media, interactive software, and open-access content increased (P ≤ 0.008), with specific increases in BlueLink, Acland's Videos, and Complete Anatomy (P < 0.05). This study provided evidence of how gross anatomy educators continued to adapt their courses past the early stages of the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie M. Attardi
- Department of Foundational Medical StudiesOakland University William Beaumont School of MedicineRochesterMichiganUSA
| | - Derek J. Harmon
- Department of AnatomyUniversity of California, San Francisco, School of MedicineSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Malli Barremkala
- Department of Foundational Medical StudiesOakland University William Beaumont School of MedicineRochesterMichiganUSA
| | - Danielle C. Bentley
- Division of Anatomy, Temerty Faculty of MedicineUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Kirsten M. Brown
- Department of Anatomy and Cell BiologyGeorge Washington University School of Medicine and Health SciencesWashingtonDCUSA
| | - Jennifer F. Dennis
- Department of AnatomyKansas City University College of MedicineJoplinMissouriUSA
| | - Haviva M. Goldman
- Department of Neurobiology and AnatomyDrexel University College of MedicinePhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Kelly M. Harrell
- Department of Anatomy and NeurobiologyVirginia Commonwealth University School of MedicineRichmondVirginiaUSA
| | - Barbie A. Klein
- Department of AnatomyUniversity of California, San Francisco, School of MedicineSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | | | - Gary J. Farkas
- Department of Physical Medicine and RehabilitationUniversity of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFloridaUSA
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Undergraduate Surgical Education: a Global Perspective. Indian J Surg 2021; 84:153-161. [PMID: 34177158 PMCID: PMC8219345 DOI: 10.1007/s12262-021-02975-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Undergraduate surgical education is failing to prepare medical students to care for patients with surgical conditions, and has been significantly compromised by the COVID-19 pandemic. We performed a literature review and undertook semi-structured reflections on the current state of undergraduate surgical education across five countries: Egypt, Morocco, Somaliland, Kenya, and the UK. The main barriers to surgical education at medical school identified were (1) the lack of standardised surgical curricula with mandatory learning objectives and (2) the inadequacy of human resources for surgical education. COVID-19 has exacerbated these challenges by depleting the pool of surgical educators and reducing access to learning opportunities in clinical environments. To address the global need for a larger surgical workforce, specific attention must be paid to improving undergraduate surgical education. Solutions proposed include the development of a standard surgical curriculum with learning outcomes appropriate for local needs, the incentivisation of surgical educators, the incorporation of targeted online and simulation teaching, and the use of technology.
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Luck J, Gosling N, Saour S. Undergraduate surgical education during COVID-19: could augmented reality provide a solution? Br J Surg 2021; 108:e129-e130. [PMID: 33793706 PMCID: PMC7929321 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znaa159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly disrupted undergraduate medical education. In this original research letter, we describe how remote, augmented reality-enhanced teaching sessions can be successfully delivered at a time when the provision of surgical education is particularly challenging.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Luck
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, St George's Hospital, London, UK
| | - N Gosling
- St George's Advanced Patient Simulation & Skills Centre, London, UK
| | - S Saour
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, St George's Hospital, London, UK
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14
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Sielicki A, White J, Berman M, Lao B, Stobart-Gallagher M. Homeschooling for Quarantined Residents: A Virtual Back to the Basics Curriculum. Cureus 2020; 12:e11824. [PMID: 33409066 PMCID: PMC7781534 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.11824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The COVID 19 pandemic resulted in local and institutional restrictions with significant effects on the clinical environment for graduate medical education, displacing residents from non-emergency medicine (EM) based rotations. Additionally, resident physicians considered patients under investigation (PUI) were furloughed from clinical practice. The necessity for supplemental learning in a virtual setting prompted the development of an online homeschooling curriculum that incorporated back to the basics textbook learning, application, and retention via virtual sessions for the quarantined and furloughed learners. Methods An online homeschooling curriculum was developed to replace the cancelled clinical experiences for EM residents and for those who were quarantined utilizing Google Classroom and Zoom teleconference software. After completion of their quarantine or return to normal rotation schedule, residents were asked to evaluate the homeschooling curriculum using an anonymous survey. Results A total of 12 residents participated in the homeschooling program over eight weeks during the spring of 2020. Of the nine residents surveyed, 88.8% percent felt the homeschooling added to their knowledge of EM, 100% found the online format easy to use, and 88.8% stated it helped maintain a sense of social connection to peers and faculty. Conclusion An online homeschooling program was considered an effective means of providing an opportunity for synchronous and continuous education for EM resident physicians. This program could be sustainable long term to fill in knowledge gaps or supplement remediation in emergency resident education, post pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Sielicki
- Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Jennifer White
- Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Mitchell Berman
- Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Belinda Lao
- Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, USA
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15
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Tsarkov PV, Zubayraeva AA, Medkova YS, Efetov SK. "Multi-faceted" COVID-19: Russian experience. THE BRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY 2020; 107:e479-e480. [PMID: 32820822 PMCID: PMC7461231 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.11940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Petr V Tsarkov
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Clinic of Coloproctology and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Moscow, Russia
| | - Albina A Zubayraeva
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Clinic of Coloproctology and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yulia S Medkova
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Clinic of Coloproctology and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey K Efetov
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Clinic of Coloproctology and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Moscow, Russia
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16
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Picciariello A, Gagliardi G, Altomare DF. It's COVID o'clock. THE BRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY 2020; 107:e520. [PMID: 32822509 PMCID: PMC7461391 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.11989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Giuseppe Gagliardi
- Department of Surgery, University of Illinois At Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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17
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Yan C, Xiong Y, Panayi AC, Mi B, Liu G. Dispatch of the Medical Force from Wuhan to Beijing: City-wide nucleic acid census. Br J Surg 2020; 107:e476. [PMID: 32809214 PMCID: PMC7461292 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.11935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chenchen Yan
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yuan Xiong
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Adriana C Panayi
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02115, USA
| | - Bobin Mi
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Guohui Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
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