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Alolayan H, Aljohani M, Alfehaid M, AlMatroudi G, AlDhowyan N, AlQathlan J, AlSuhaibani S, AlShamikh T, AlJohani G, AlSalamah A, AlRashidi H. Impact of COVID-19 Vaccination on General Surgical Emergencies in Al-Qassim Region, Saudi Arabia: A Single-Center Retrospective Chart Review. Cureus 2023; 15:e43630. [PMID: 37719613 PMCID: PMC10504863 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.43630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This study sought to determine the COVID-19 pandemic and vaccination's effects on the number of patients presenting with emergent surgical illnesses or requiring emergency general surgical procedures. We compared the number of presenting cases and surgical emergencies before the pandemic, in 2019, and during the pandemic, before and after the COVID-19 vaccination's introduction. Method This observational retrospective chart review was conducted at a tertiary hospital in Al-Qassim, Saudi Arabia. The data were retrospectively collected for three periods (July 1 to September 30) in 2019, 2020, and 2021 using a data collection sheet for demographic data, visit date, comorbidities, emergency procedure type, COVID-19 test result, length of hospitalization, ICU admission status, and surgical case mortality. Results The study included 152 participants with a mean age of 36.1 (SD: 16) years, and 69.7% of them were male. Common surgical conditions were identified as acute appendicitis (49.3%), skin abscesses and pilonidal sinus (21.7%), and diabetic foot (9.2%) across all three years. The most frequent (48.7%) surgical procedure was appendectomy. A decrease in surgical emergencies rate was observed during the year 2020, as compared to 2019 and 2021. The general surgery emergency rate was highest in 2021 among patients admitted for procedures post-vaccination (38.8%). Conclusion Common surgical emergencies were most frequent in 2021, after the COVID-19 vaccine's introduction. Future research areas include the impact of the pandemic on delays or the severity and complication of surgical or medical cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayfa Alolayan
- Department of Surgery, Unaizah College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unaizah, SAU
| | - Moath Aljohani
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Unaizah College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unaizah, SAU
| | - Mohammed Alfehaid
- Department of Surgery, Unaizah College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unaizah, SAU
| | - Ghadi AlMatroudi
- Department of Medicine, Unaizah College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unaizah, SAU
| | - Noura AlDhowyan
- Department of Medicine, Unaizah College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unaizah, SAU
| | - Joud AlQathlan
- Department of Medicine, Unaizah College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unaizah, SAU
| | - Shoug AlSuhaibani
- Department of Medicine, Unaizah College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unaizah, SAU
| | - Tahani AlShamikh
- Department of Medicine, Unaizah College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unaizah, SAU
| | - Ghadeer AlJohani
- Department of Medicine, Unaizah College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unaizah, SAU
| | - Anwaar AlSalamah
- Department of Medicine, Unaizah College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unaizah, SAU
| | - Hanadi AlRashidi
- Department of Medicine, Unaizah College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unaizah, SAU
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Does the COVID-19 Pandemic Affect Morbidity and Mortality Rates of Emergency General Surgery? A Retrospective Study from a Single-Center Tertiary Greek Hospital. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2021; 57:medicina57111185. [PMID: 34833403 PMCID: PMC8624623 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57111185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic had a major impact on all aspects of health care. Few up-to-date studies have actually assessed the impact of COVID-19 on emergency surgeries. The aim of this study was to provide an overview of the impact of the pandemic relating to the emergency surgery performed, as well as morbidity and mortality rates during the first year of the pandemic (March 2020–February 2021) and during the control period. In this period, the first propaedeutic surgery department and the third surgery department of the University General Hospital of Thessaloniki “AHEPA” in Greece provided continuous emergency general surgery services. Material and Methods: The study is in a retrospective cohort and included patients who were admitted to the Emergency Department and underwent emergency general surgery during the control period (n = 456), March 2019–February 2020 and during the first year of the pandemic (n = 223), March 2020–February 2021. Gender, age, type of surgical operation (morbidity), ICU need, the patient’s outcome, and days of hospitalization were compared. Results: A total of 679 emergency surgeries were included. Statistically significant differences emerged between the two time periods in the total number of emergency surgeries performed (p < 0.001). The most common type of surgery in the control period was associated with soft tissue infection while, during the pandemic period, the most common type of surgery was associated with the hepatobiliary system. In addition, the mortality rates nearly doubled during the pandemic period (2.2% vs. 4%). Finally, the mean age of our sample was 50.6 ± 17.5 and the majority of the participants in both time periods were males. Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic changed significantly the total number of emergency general surgeries performed. Mortality rates doubled and morbidity rates were affected between the control and pandemic periods. Finally, age, gender, length of hospitalization, intensive care unit hospitalization, and laparoscopy use in patients undergoing emergency surgery during the pandemic were stable.
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Ceresoli M, Coccolini F, Magnone S, Lucianetti A, Bisagni P, Armao T, Ansaloni L, Zago M, Chiarugi M, Catena F, Braga M. The decrease of non-complicated acute appendicitis and the negative appendectomy rate during pandemic. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg 2021; 47:1359-1365. [PMID: 33844036 PMCID: PMC8040760 DOI: 10.1007/s00068-021-01663-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background During pandemic, admissions for surgical emergencies dropped down dramatically. Also acute appendicitis decreased. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the change in volume and clinical presentation of patients with acute appendicitis during pandemic and the variation in treatment. Methods This is a retrospective study of patients admitted in 11 Italian hospital for acute appendicitis during the lockdown period (March–April 2020) compared with the same period of the previous 2 years (2018–2019). The number and the rate of complicated and non-complicated acute appendicitis were recorded and compared between the two study periods; non-operative vs operative treatment and negative appendectomy rate were also recorded. Results The study included 532 patients, 112 in the study period and 420 in the control period; Hospital admission for acute appendicitis dropped by 46% (OR 0.516 95% CI 0.411–0.648 p < 0.001) during the 2020 lockdown. The number of complicated acute appendicitis did not change (− 18%, OR 0.763 95% CI 0.517–1.124 p = 0.1719), whereas the number of non-complicated acute appendicitis significantly decreased (− 56%, OR 0.424 95% CI 0.319–0.564 p < 0.001). Non-operative treatment rate remained similar (12.1% vs. 11.6% p = 0.434). The negative appendectomy rate also significantly decreased (6.1% vs. 17.3%, p = 0.006). Conclusions The present study found a significant reduction of both admissions for non-complicated acute appendicitis and negative appendectomy rate during the pandemic period. Conversely, admissions for complicated acute appendicitis did not change. Trial registration: NCT04649996.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Ceresoli
- General and Emergency Surgery Dept, School of Medicine and Surgery, Milano-Bicocca University, Via Pergolesi 33, 20900, Monza, Italy.
| | - Federico Coccolini
- Emergency Surgery and Trauma Center Dept, Pisa University Hospital, Pisa, Italy
| | - Stefano Magnone
- General and Emergency Surgery Dept, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | | | - Pietro Bisagni
- General and Emergency Surgery Dept, ASST Lodi, Lodi, Italy
| | - Teodora Armao
- General and Emergency Surgery Dept, ASST Lodi, Lodi, Italy
| | - Luca Ansaloni
- General and Emergency Surgery Dept, IRCCS San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Mauro Zago
- Robotic and Emergency Surgery Dept, ASST Lecco, Ospedale Manzoni, Lecco, Italy
| | - Massimo Chiarugi
- Emergency Surgery and Trauma Center Dept, Pisa University Hospital, Pisa, Italy
| | - Fausto Catena
- Emergency Surgery Dept, Parma University Hospital, Parma, Italy
| | - Marco Braga
- General and Emergency Surgery Dept, School of Medicine and Surgery, Milano-Bicocca University, Via Pergolesi 33, 20900, Monza, Italy
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