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A New Method for Enantiomeric Determination of 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine and p-Methoxymethamphetamine in Human Urine. CHEMOSENSORS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors10020050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
The abuse of paramethoxymethamphetamine (PMMA) and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) among young people is increasingly serious and has become a public health problem. Since enantiomers of MDMA and PMMA are metabolized at different rates in the body and exhibit different neurotoxicity in tissues, we have developed a simple method for simultaneous enantiomeric determination of PMMA and MDMA, using parallel dual capillary immunoaffinity columns coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. Linear calibration curves were obtained in concentration ranges of 100–1000 ng/mL, with a limit of quantitation of <22 ng/mL. Good interday accuracy and precision were achieved with this method. Besides filtering the urine sample through a 0.45 μm MILLIPORE membrane, no other sample pretreatment was needed, and no toxic organic solvent was used. It is a rapid, environmentally friendly safe method, and could be applied for routine enantiomeric analysis of PMMA and MDMA in the pharmaceutical industry, forensic science, and environmental analysis.
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Gazzarata R, Monteverde ME, Ruggiero C, Maggi N, Palmieri D, Parruti G, Giacomini M. Healthcare Associated Infections: An Interoperable Infrastructure for Multidrug Resistant Organism Surveillance. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E465. [PMID: 31936787 PMCID: PMC7013448 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17020465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Prevention and surveillance of healthcare associated infections caused by multidrug resistant organisms (MDROs) has been given increasing attention in recent years and is nowadays a major priority for health care systems. The creation of automated regional, national and international surveillance networks plays a key role in this respect. A surveillance system has been designed for the Abruzzo region in Italy, focusing on the monitoring of the MDROs prevalence in patients, on the appropriateness of antibiotic prescription in hospitalized patients and on foreseeable interactions with other networks at national and international level. The system has been designed according to the Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) principles, and Healthcare Service Specification (HSSP) standards and Clinical Document Architecture Release 2 (CDAR2) have been adopted. A description is given with special reference to implementation state, specific design and implementation choices and next foreseeable steps. The first release will be delivered at the Complex Operating Unit of Infectious Diseases of the Local Health Authority of Pescara (Italy).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Carmelina Ruggiero
- Healthropy S.r.l., 17100 Savona, Italy (C.R.); (N.M.); (M.G.)
- Department of Informatics, Bioengineering, Robotics and Systems Engineering (DIBRIS), University of Genova, 16145 Genoa, Italy
| | - Norbert Maggi
- Healthropy S.r.l., 17100 Savona, Italy (C.R.); (N.M.); (M.G.)
- Department of Informatics, Bioengineering, Robotics and Systems Engineering (DIBRIS), University of Genova, 16145 Genoa, Italy
| | - Dalia Palmieri
- Epidemiology Office, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale (AUSL) di Pescara, 65124 Pescara, Italy;
| | - Giustino Parruti
- Department of Infectious Disease, Azienda Sanitaria Locale (AUSL) di Pescara, 65124 Pescara, Italy;
| | - Mauro Giacomini
- Healthropy S.r.l., 17100 Savona, Italy (C.R.); (N.M.); (M.G.)
- Department of Informatics, Bioengineering, Robotics and Systems Engineering (DIBRIS), University of Genova, 16145 Genoa, Italy
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Ribeiro C, Santos C, Gonçalves V, Ramos A, Afonso C, Tiritan ME. Chiral Drug Analysis in Forensic Chemistry: An Overview. Molecules 2018; 23:E262. [PMID: 29382109 PMCID: PMC6017579 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23020262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Many substances of forensic interest are chiral and available either as racemates or pure enantiomers. Application of chiral analysis in biological samples can be useful for the determination of legal or illicit drugs consumption or interpretation of unexpected toxicological effects. Chiral substances can also be found in environmental samples and revealed to be useful for determination of community drug usage (sewage epidemiology), identification of illicit drug manufacturing locations, illegal discharge of sewage and in environmental risk assessment. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the application of chiral analysis in biological and environmental samples and their relevance in the forensic field. Most frequently analytical methods used to quantify the enantiomers are liquid and gas chromatography using both indirect, with enantiomerically pure derivatizing reagents, and direct methods recurring to chiral stationary phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia Ribeiro
- Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies , Cooperativa de Ensino Superior Politécnico e Universitário (CESPU), Rua Central de Gandra, 1317, 4585-116 Gandra PRD, Portugal.
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto, Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4050-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Cristiana Santos
- Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies , Cooperativa de Ensino Superior Politécnico e Universitário (CESPU), Rua Central de Gandra, 1317, 4585-116 Gandra PRD, Portugal.
| | - Valter Gonçalves
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto , Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Ana Ramos
- Institute of Science and Innovation in Mechanical and Industrial Engineering (INEGI), Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 400, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Carlos Afonso
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto, Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4050-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto , Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Maria Elizabeth Tiritan
- Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies , Cooperativa de Ensino Superior Politécnico e Universitário (CESPU), Rua Central de Gandra, 1317, 4585-116 Gandra PRD, Portugal.
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto, Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4050-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto , Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
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Hecht ES, Oberg AL, Muddiman DC. Optimizing Mass Spectrometry Analyses: A Tailored Review on the Utility of Design of Experiments. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2016; 27:767-85. [PMID: 26951559 PMCID: PMC4841694 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-016-1344-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Revised: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2016] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry (MS) has emerged as a tool that can analyze nearly all classes of molecules, with its scope rapidly expanding in the areas of post-translational modifications, MS instrumentation, and many others. Yet integration of novel analyte preparatory and purification methods with existing or novel mass spectrometers can introduce new challenges for MS sensitivity. The mechanisms that govern detection by MS are particularly complex and interdependent, including ionization efficiency, ion suppression, and transmission. Performance of both off-line and MS methods can be optimized separately or, when appropriate, simultaneously through statistical designs, broadly referred to as "design of experiments" (DOE). The following review provides a tutorial-like guide into the selection of DOE for MS experiments, the practices for modeling and optimization of response variables, and the available software tools that support DOE implementation in any laboratory. This review comes 3 years after the latest DOE review (Hibbert DB, 2012), which provided a comprehensive overview on the types of designs available and their statistical construction. Since that time, new classes of DOE, such as the definitive screening design, have emerged and new calls have been made for mass spectrometrists to adopt the practice. Rather than exhaustively cover all possible designs, we have highlighted the three most practical DOE classes available to mass spectrometrists. This review further differentiates itself by providing expert recommendations for experimental setup and defining DOE entirely in the context of three case-studies that highlight the utility of different designs to achieve different goals. A step-by-step tutorial is also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth S Hecht
- W. M. Keck FTMS Laboratory for Human Health Research, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Ann L Oberg
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - David C Muddiman
- W. M. Keck FTMS Laboratory for Human Health Research, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.
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Schwaninger AE, Meyer MR, Maurer HH. Chiral drug analysis using mass spectrometric detection relevant to research and practice in clinical and forensic toxicology. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1269:122-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.07.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2012] [Revised: 07/14/2012] [Accepted: 07/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Fujii H, Hara K, Kashiwagi M, Matsusue A, Waters B, Kubo SI. Application of high-throughput chiral analysis of amphetamines by GC–MS to whole blood specimens. Forensic Toxicol 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s11419-012-0150-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Development and validation of a GC-EI-MS method with reduced adsorption loss for the quantification of olanzapine in human plasma. Anal Bioanal Chem 2012; 403:1823-30. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-5802-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2011] [Revised: 01/27/2012] [Accepted: 01/28/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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8
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Phonchai A, Janchawee B, Prutipanlai S, Thainchaiwattana S. Solid phase extraction for GC-FID determination of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) and methamphetamine (MA) in human urine. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2012. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934812020104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Kong ST, Lin HS, Ching J, Ho PC. Evaluation of Dried Blood Spots as Sample Matrix for Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry Based Metabolomic Profiling. Anal Chem 2011; 83:4314-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ac200662s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sing Teang Kong
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, 18 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543
| | - Hai-Shu Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, 18 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543
| | - Jianhong Ching
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, 18 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543
| | - Paul C. Ho
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, 18 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543
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Stereoselective method development and validation for determination of concentrations of amphetamine-type stimulants and metabolites in human urine using a simultaneous extraction–chiral derivatization approach. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2011; 879:8-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2010.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2010] [Revised: 10/27/2010] [Accepted: 10/28/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Brown SD, Melton TC. Trends in bioanalytical methods for the determination and quantification of club drugs: 2000-2010. Biomed Chromatogr 2010; 25:300-21. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.1549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2010] [Revised: 09/09/2010] [Accepted: 09/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Choi K, Kim J, Jang YO, Chung DS. Direct chiral analysis of primary amine drugs in human urine by single drop microextraction in-line coupled to CE. Electrophoresis 2010; 30:2905-11. [PMID: 19691052 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200800829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Three-phase single drop microextraction (SDME) was in-line coupled to chiral CE of weakly basic amine compounds including amphetamine. SDME was used for the matrix isolation and sample preconcentration in order to directly analyze urine samples with the minimal pretreatment of adding NaOH. A small drop of an acidic aqueous acceptor phase covered with a thin layer of octanol was formed at the tip of a capillary by simple manipulation of the liquid handling functions of a commercial CE instrument. While the saline matrix of the urine sample was blocked by the octanol layer, the basic analytes in a basic aqueous donor phase were concentrated into the acidic acceptor drop through the octanol layer by the driving force of the pH difference between the two aqueous phases. The enantiomers of the enriched amines were resolved by using (+)-(18-crown-6)-tetracarboxylic acid as a chiral selector for the subsequent CE separation. From 10 min SDME with the agitation of the donor phase by a small stirrer retrofit to the CE instrument, enrichment factors were about a 1000-fold, yielding the LOD of 0.5 ng/mL for amphetamine. This low LOD value as well as the convenience of in-line coupled SDME make the proposed scheme well suited for the demanding chiral analysis of amphetamine-type stimulants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kihwan Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Wei Y, He J, Qin H, Wu X, Yao X. Determination of ferruginol in rat plasma via high-performance liquid chromatography and its application in pharmacokinetics study. Biomed Chromatogr 2009; 23:1116-20. [PMID: 19444795 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.1232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Ferruginol, a diterpene phenol, has recently received attention for its extensive pharmacological properties, including anti-tumor, antibacterial, cardio-protective and gastroprotective effects. In the present study, a high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method was developed for determination of ferruginol in rat plasma and applied for the pharmacokinetics study. The HPLC assay was performed with a VP ODS-C(18) column. The mobile phaseconsisted of methanol and 1% acetic acid solution (90:10, v/v). The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min, and the wavelength was set at 270 nm. This method was linear over the studied range of 0.1-10.0 microg/mL( )for ferruginol. The correlation coefficient was 0.9998. The intra-day and inter-day precisions were better than 4 and 5%, respectively. The extraction recovery and accuracy were greater than 97 and 96%, respectively. The detection limit was 30 ng/mL. The mean maximum concentration of ferruginol in rat plasma was 3.14 microg/mL at 40 min after oral administration at a dose of 20 mg/kg. Ferruginol was absorbed quickly p.o. with t(1/2)ka = 14.86 min and had a high rate of elimination with t(1/2) = 41.73 min. The pharmacokinetic process of ferruginol in rat was well described with a one-compartment model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhui Wei
- Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
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Current Awareness in Drug Testing and Analysis. Drug Test Anal 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/dta.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- T. A. Brettell
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Cedar Crest College, 100 College Drive, Allentown, Pennsylvania 18104-6196
| | - J. M. Butler
- Biochemical Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-8312
| | - J. R. Almirall
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and International Forensic Research Institute, Florida International University, University Park, Miami, Florida 33199
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