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Toussaint B, Hillaireau H, Jaccoulet E, Cailleau C, Legrand P, Ambroise Y, Fattal E. Interspecies comparison of plasma metabolism and sample stabilization for quantitative bioanalyses: Application to (R)-CE3F4 in preclinical development, including metabolite identification by high-resolution mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2021; 1183:122943. [PMID: 34666890 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2021.122943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The CE3F4 is an inhibitor of the type 1 exchange protein directly activated by cAMP (EPAC1), which is involved in numerous signaling pathways. The inhibition of EPAC1 shows promising results in vitro and in vivo in different cardiac pathological situations like hypertrophic signaling, contributing to heart failure, or arrhythmia. An HPLC-UV method with a simple and fast sample treatment allowed the quantification of (R)-CE3F4. Sample treatment consisted of simple protein precipitation with 50 µL of ethanol and 150 µL of acetonitrile for a 50 µL biological sample. Two wavelengths were used according to the origin of plasma (220 or 250 nm for human samples and 250 nm for murine samples). Accuracy profile was evaluated for both wavelengths, and the method was in agreement with the criteria given by the EMA in the guideline for bioanalytical method validation for human and mouse plasma samples. The run time was 12 min allowing the detection of the (R)-CE3F4 and a metabolite. This study further permitted understanding the behavior of CE3F4 in plasma by highlighting an important difference between humans and rodents on plasma metabolism and may impact future in vivo studies related to this molecule and translation of results between animal models and humans. Using paraoxon as a metabolism inhibitor was crucial for the stabilization of (R)-CE3F4 in murine samples. HPLC-UV and HPLC-MS/MS studies were conducted to confirm metabolite structure and consequently, the main metabolic pathway in murine plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balthazar Toussaint
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut Galien Paris Sud, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France; Département de Recherche et Développement Pharmaceutique, Agence Générale des Équipements et Produits de Santé (AGEPS), Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Hervé Hillaireau
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut Galien Paris Sud, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Emmanuel Jaccoulet
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut Galien Paris Sud, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France; Hôpital européen Georges Pompidou (HEGP), Service Pharmacie (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Catherine Cailleau
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut Galien Paris Sud, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Pauline Legrand
- Département de Recherche et Développement Pharmaceutique, Agence Générale des Équipements et Produits de Santé (AGEPS), Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France; Université de Paris, Faculté de sciences pharmaceutiques et biologiques, Unité de Technologies Chimiques et Biologiques pour la Santé (UTCBS), CNRS UMR8258, Inserm U1022, Paris, France
| | - Yves Ambroise
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Institut des Sciences du Vivant Frederic Joliot, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Elias Fattal
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut Galien Paris Sud, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France.
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Sample stabilization strategies: a case study review of unique sample collection and handling procedures. Bioanalysis 2019; 11:1867-1880. [DOI: 10.4155/bio-2019-0238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to maintain analyte stability is crucial in order to obtain accurate and meaningful data. Stability should be evaluated in a manner that the entire lifecycle of the sample is taken into account, that is, from the moment the sample is collected from the patient until the last analysis is complete. Evaluation of the sample collection and handling procedure is thus necessary in order to prevent analyte instability potentially encountered downstream in the analytical process. This manuscript details cases of analyte instability attributed to factors such as enzymatic degradation, matrix composition, analytical technique and oxidation to name a few. As well each case describes a unique collection and handling procedure that was necessary to achieve stability prior to analysis.
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Tang F, Tsakalozou E, Arnold SM, Ng CM, Leggas M. Population pharmacokinetic analysis of AR-67, a lactone stable camptothecin analogue, in cancer patients with solid tumors. Invest New Drugs 2019; 37:1218-1230. [PMID: 30820810 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-019-00744-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Background AR-67 is a novel camptothecin analogue at early stages of drug development. The phase 1 clinical trial in cancer patients with solid tumors was completed and a population pharmacokinetic model (POP PK) was developed to facilitate further development of this investigational agent. Methods Pharmacokinetic data collected in the phase 1 clinical trial were utilized for the development of a population POP PK by implementing the non-linear mixed effects approach. Patient characteristics at study entry were evaluated as covariates in the model. Subjects (N = 26) were treated at nine dosage levels (1.2-12.4 mg/m2/day) on a daily × 5 schedule. Hematological toxicity data were modeled against exposure metrics. Results A two-compartment POP PK model best described the disposition of AR-67 by fitting a total of 328 PK observations from 25 subjects. Following covariate model selection, age remained as a significant covariate on central volume. The final model provided a good fit for the concentration versus time data and PK parameters were estimated with good precision. Clearance, inter-compartmental clearance, central volume and peripheral volume were estimated to be 32.2 L/h, 28.6 L/h, 6.83 L and 25.0 L, respectively. Finally, exposure-pharmacodynamic analysis using Emax models showed that plasma drug concentration versus time profiles are better predictors of AR-67-related hematologic toxicity were better predictors of leukopenia and thrombocytopenia, as compared to total dose. Conclusions A POP PK model was developed to characterize AR-67 pharmacokinetics and identified age as a significant covariate. Exposure PK metrics Cmax and AUC were shown to predict hematological toxicity. Further efforts to identify clinically relevant determinants of AR-67 disposition and effects in a larger patient population are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Tang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 S. Limestone St., Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Eleftheria Tsakalozou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 S. Limestone St., Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Susanne M Arnold
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, 800 Rose St., Lexington, KY 40536, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.,National Cancer Institute Designated Markey Cancer Center, Lexington Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Chee M Ng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 S. Limestone St., Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.,National Cancer Institute Designated Markey Cancer Center, Lexington Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Markos Leggas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 S. Limestone St., Lexington, KY, 40536, USA. .,National Cancer Institute Designated Markey Cancer Center, Lexington Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
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Lazareva NF, Baryshok VP, Lazarev IM. Silicon-containing analogs of camptothecin as anticancer agents. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2017; 351. [PMID: 29239010 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201700297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The plant pentacyclic alkaloid camptothecin and its structural analogs were extensively studied. These compounds are interesting due to the antitumor activity associated with their ability to inhibit topoisomerase I in tumor cells. During the last decades of the 20th century, a large number of the silicon-containing camptothecins (silatecans) were synthesized. 7-tert-Butyldimethylsilyl-10-hydroxy-camptothecin (DB-67 or AR-67) has enhanced lipophilicity and demonstrates a antitumor activity superior to its carbon analog. To date, certain silatecans are under clinical trials and their ultimate role in cancer therapy appears promising. In this review, we present chemical methodologies for the synthesis of silicon-containing camptothecins, their chemical properties, biological activity, and results of clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataliya F Lazareva
- A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk, Russian Federation
| | - Viktor P Baryshok
- Irkutsk National Research Technical University, Irkutsk, Russian Federation
| | - Igor M Lazarev
- A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk, Russian Federation
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González-Ruiz V, Olives AI, Martín MA. Challenging core-shell stationary phases with the separation of closely related anti-cancer compounds: performance studies and application to drug quantitation in cell cultures with multi-well plate clean-up. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1364:83-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.08.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Revised: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 08/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Li Q, Zhu Q, Zhang X, Hua C, Deng X, Zhao T, Sun B. A liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method for pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of a camptothecin quaternary derivative in rats. Fitoterapia 2013; 90:57-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2013.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2013] [Revised: 06/13/2013] [Accepted: 06/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Martins SM, Wendling T, Gonçalves VMF, Sarmento B, Ferreira DC. Development and validation of a simple reversed-phase HPLC method for the determination of camptothecin in animal organs following administration in solid lipid nanoparticles. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2011; 880:100-7. [PMID: 22153332 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2011.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2011] [Revised: 11/07/2011] [Accepted: 11/11/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
A simple, sensitive and specific high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) assay for the quantification of camptothecin (CPT), a potent anticancer candidate, incorporated into solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) in several rat organs (brain, heart, kidneys liver, lung, spleen) and serum was developed and validated. The sample pre-treatment involved organs homogenisation followed by CPT extraction. The samples were injected onto an analytical reversed-phase (RP) Mediterranea™ Sea18 column maintained at 30°C. The chromatographic separation was achieved by gradient elution consisting of triethyamine buffer pH 5.5 and acetonitrile at a flow rate of 1.2 mL/min in 16 min of run time and retention time of 9.8 min (lactone). Fluorescence detection was used at the excitation and emission of 360 and 440 nm, respectively. The calibration curves in the different organs, serum and in PB3 were linear (r(2)>0.9999) over CPT concentrations ranging from 1 to 200 ng/mL or 0.5 to 200 ng/mL (n=6), respectively. The method was shown to be specific, accurate (between 94.4±4.5% and 108.9±0.6%) and precise at the intra-day and inter-day levels as reflected by the coefficient of variation (CV<6.3%) at three different concentrations (10, 50 and 100 ng/mL) in all matrices. Stability studies showed that CPT was stable in all matrices after 24h of incubation at room temperature (RT), after 24 h in the autosampler or after three freeze/thaw cycles. The mean recoveries of CPT in suspension, loaded into SLN and in a physical mixture with SLN at three concentrations of 10, 50 and 200 ng/mL were higher than 86.4%. The detection limit (DL) was ≤0.2 ng/mL and the quantification limit (QL) was ≤0.5 ng/mL. The method developed is reliable, precise and accurate and can be used in the determination of CPT amount in rat organ samples after i.v. administration of CPT in suspension, in physical mixture with SLN and incorporated in SLN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana M Martins
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology/Centre of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences (LTF/CICF), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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