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Bandu R, Lee HJ, Lee HM, Ha TH, Lee HJ, Kim SJ, Ha K, Kim KP. Liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry-based plasma metabolic profiling study of escitalopram in subjects with major depressive disorder. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2018; 53:385-399. [PMID: 29448310 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) method revealed the plasma metabolite profiles in major depressive disorder patients treated with escitalopram (ECTP) (n = 7). Depression severity was assessed according to the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. Metabolic profiles were derived from major depressive disorder subject blood samples collected after ECTP treatment. Blood plasma was separated and processed in order to effectively extract metabolites, which were then analyzed using LC-MS. We identified 19 metabolites and elucidated their structures using LC-tandem MS (LC-MS/MS) combined with elemental compositions derived from accurate mass measurements. We further used online H/D exchange experiments to verify the structural elucidations of each metabolite. Identifying molecular metabolites may provide critical insights into the pharmacological and clinical effects of ECTP treatment and may also provide useful information informing the development of new antidepressant treatments. These detailed plasma metabolite analyses may also be used to identify optimal dose concentrations in psychopharmacotherapeutic treatment through drug monitoring, as well as forming the basis for response predictions in depressed subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raju Bandu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Institute of Natural Science, Kyung Hee Medical Science Research Institute, College of Applied Science, Kyung Hee University, Yong-in, 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jeong Lee
- Mental Health Clinic, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Kyeonggi, 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong Min Lee
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Institute of Natural Science, Kyung Hee Medical Science Research Institute, College of Applied Science, Kyung Hee University, Yong-in, 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hyon Ha
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Kyeonggi, 13620, Republic of Korea
| | - Heon-Jeong Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Joo Kim
- Department of Psychiatry and Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University, College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyooseob Ha
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Pyo Kim
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Institute of Natural Science, Kyung Hee Medical Science Research Institute, College of Applied Science, Kyung Hee University, Yong-in, 17104, Republic of Korea
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Wang W, Song T, Wan X, Liu C, Zhao H, Fang L. Investigate the control release effect of ion-pair in the development of escitalopram transdermal patch using FT-IR spectroscopy, molecular modeling and thermal analysis. Int J Pharm 2017; 529:391-400. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.06.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Revised: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Park S, Park CS, Lee SJ, Cha B, Cho YA, Song Y, Yu EA, Kim GS, Jin JS, Abd El-Aty AM, El-Banna HA, Hacımüftüoğlu A, Shim JH, Shin SC. Development and validation of a high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric method for simultaneous determination of bupropion, quetiapine and escitalopram in human plasma. Biomed Chromatogr 2015; 29:612-618. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Semin Park
- Research Institute of Life Science and Department of Chemistry; Gyeongsang National University; Jinju 660-701 Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Soo Park
- Department of Psychiatry; Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine; Jinju 660-880 Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Joong Lee
- Research Institute of Life Science and Department of Chemistry; Gyeongsang National University; Jinju 660-701 Republic of Korea
| | - Boseok Cha
- Department of Psychiatry; Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine; Jinju 660-880 Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ah Cho
- Research Institute of Life Science and Department of Chemistry; Gyeongsang National University; Jinju 660-701 Republic of Korea
| | - Yi Song
- Research Institute of Life Science and Department of Chemistry; Gyeongsang National University; Jinju 660-701 Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ae Yu
- Research Institute of Life Science and Department of Chemistry; Gyeongsang National University; Jinju 660-701 Republic of Korea
| | - Gon-Sup Kim
- Research Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine; Gyeongsang National University; Jinju 660-701 Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Sung Jin
- Division of High Technology Materials Research, Busan Center; Korea Basic Science Institute; Busan 618-230 Republic of Korea
| | - A. M. Abd El-Aty
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Cairo University; 12211 Giza Egypt
- Biotechnology Research Institute, College of Agriculture and Life Science; Chonnam National University; Yongbong-ro 77, Buk-gu 500-757 Gwangju Republic of Korea
| | - H. A. El-Banna
- Biotechnology Research Institute, College of Agriculture and Life Science; Chonnam National University; Yongbong-ro 77, Buk-gu 500-757 Gwangju Republic of Korea
| | - Ahmet Hacımüftüoğlu
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty; Ataturk University; Erzurum Turkey
| | - Jae-Han Shim
- Biotechnology Research Institute, College of Agriculture and Life Science; Chonnam National University; Yongbong-ro 77, Buk-gu 500-757 Gwangju Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Chul Shin
- Research Institute of Life Science and Department of Chemistry; Gyeongsang National University; Jinju 660-701 Republic of Korea
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Huang CT, Tsai MJ, Lin YH, Fu YS, Huang YB, Tsai YH, Wu PC. Effect of microemulsions on transdermal delivery of citalopram: optimization studies using mixture design and response surface methodology. Int J Nanomedicine 2013; 8:2295-304. [PMID: 23919086 PMCID: PMC3699131 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s43474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of microemulsions as a drug vehicle for transdermal delivery of citalopram. A computerized statistical technique of response surface methodology with mixture design was used to investigate and optimize the influence of the formulation compositions including a mixture of Brij 30/Brij 35 surfactants (at a ratio of 4:1, 20%-30%), isopropyl alcohol (20%-30%), and distilled water (40%-50%) on the properties of the drug-loaded microemulsions, including permeation rate (flux) and lag time. When microemulsions were used as a vehicle, the drug permeation rate increased significantly and the lag time shortened significantly when compared with the aqueous control of 40% isopropyl alcohol solution containing 3% citalopram, demonstrating that microemulsions are a promising vehicle for transdermal application. With regard to the pharmacokinetic parameters of citalopram, the flux required for the transdermal delivery system was about 1280 μg per hour. The microemulsions loaded with citalopram 3% and 10% showed respective flux rates of 179.6 μg/cm(2) and 513.8 μg/cm(2) per hour, indicating that the study formulation could provide effective therapeutic concentrations over a practical application area. The animal study showed that the optimized formulation (F15) containing 3% citalopram with an application area of 3.46 cm(2) is able to reach a minimum effective therapeutic concentration with no erythematous reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Te Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Quantitative Method Validation for the Analysis of 27 Antidepressants and Metabolites in Plasma With Ultraperformance Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Ther Drug Monit 2012; 34:11-24. [DOI: 10.1097/ftd.0b013e31823bf0fd] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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