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Rodriguez AM, Festini SB. Face masks degrade our ability to remember face-name associations more than predicted by judgments of learning. Memory 2024; 32:143-155. [PMID: 38166650 DOI: 10.1080/09658211.2023.2299361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, face masks became required attire. Face masks obstruct the bottom portion of faces, restricting face processing. The present study examined the influence face masks have on memory predictions and memory performance for new face-name associations. Participants studied face-name pairs presented for 8 s (Experiment 1) or 10 s (Experiment 2). Half of the face-name pairs included a face mask obstructing the nose and mouth of the pictured face, counterbalanced across participants. Participants provided item-by-item judgements of learning (JOLs) and completed subsequent cued recall and associative recognition memory tests. Both experiments demonstrated that face masks impaired memory for newly-learned names, however, the magnitude of the mask impact was under-predicted by JOLs. The presence of a face mask negatively influenced memory performance to a greater degree than participants' JOLs predicted. Results have implications for name learning during pandemics, as well as in settings where face masks are common (e.g., medical field).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sara B Festini
- Department of Psychology, University of Tampa, Tampa, USA
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Sleurs C, Amidi A, Wu LM, Kiesl D, Zimmer P, Lange M, Rogiers A, Giffard B, Binarelli G, Borghgraef C, Deprez S, Duivon M, De Ruiter M, Schagen S, Ahmed-Lecheheb D, Castel H, Buskbjerg CR, Dos Santos M, Joly F, Perrier J. Cancer-related cognitive impairment in non-CNS cancer patients: Targeted review and future action plans in Europe. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2022; 180:103859. [DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2022.103859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Duivon M, Giffard B, Desgranges B, Perrier J. Are Sleep Complaints Related to Cognitive Functioning in Non-Central Nervous System Cancer? A Systematic Review. Neuropsychol Rev 2021; 32:483-505. [PMID: 34355305 DOI: 10.1007/s11065-021-09521-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Patients with non-central nervous system (CNS) cancer frequently report cognitive complaints, that are recurrent and affect their quality of life. In order to improve supportive care of these cognitive difficulties, it is important to identify associated factors. Sleep disturbance is a good candidate to study, as patients with non-CNS cancer frequently report sleep disorders, and sleep plays a key role in cognitive functioning. The objective of the present systematic review was to summarize the results of studies evaluating the relationship between cognition and sleep in non-CNS cancer, and to highlight the need for further studies. PubMed [Medline] and Scopus databases were screened from April to November 2020 for studies published in English evaluating the association between cognition and sleep in adults with non-CNS cancer. The characteristics and risk of bias for each of the 30 included studies have been reported. Greater cognitive complaints in patients with non-CNS cancer were related to poorer self-reported sleep quality in almost all studies (n = 22/24). By contrast, around half of the studies reported a significant association between poorer neuropsychological performances and sleep complaints (n = 5/11). The studies were found to have several limitations, such as the lack of a control group, which would have shed the light on the period of occurrence of this association (e.g. after cancer diagnosis or after cancer treatments). Our review also identified factors that may influence the relationship between cognition and sleep. Recommendations are given for improving the methodology of future studies and extending the impact of their results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mylène Duivon
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PSL Research University, EPHE, INSERM, CHU de Caen, GIP Cyceron, U1077, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine, 14000, Caen, France
| | - Bénédicte Giffard
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PSL Research University, EPHE, INSERM, CHU de Caen, GIP Cyceron, U1077, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine, 14000, Caen, France.,Ligue Contre Le Cancer, Cancer & Cognition Platform, 14076, Caen, France
| | - Béatrice Desgranges
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PSL Research University, EPHE, INSERM, CHU de Caen, GIP Cyceron, U1077, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine, 14000, Caen, France
| | - Joy Perrier
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PSL Research University, EPHE, INSERM, CHU de Caen, GIP Cyceron, U1077, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine, 14000, Caen, France.
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Giffard B, Perrotin A, Allain P, Dayan J, Eustache F, Grellard JM, Faveyrial A, Joly F, Lange M. The role of metamemory on cognitive complaints in cancer patients. Brain Behav 2020; 10:e01545. [PMID: 32154659 PMCID: PMC7177574 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.1545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although cancer patients frequently report cognitive disturbances, it is commonly asserted a lack of association between cognitive complaints and neuropsychological test performances. Our goal was to better understand the relationships between subjective and objective cognitive scores through a metamemory monitoring assessment. METHODS Sixty cancer patients currently treated by chemotherapy and/or targeted therapy, and 30 healthy controls (HC) were included. Cognitive complaint was assessed by FACT-cog, QAM and DEX questionnaires. One or more z-scores ≤-1.65 among these three questionnaires defined the presence of cognitive complaints. Objective cognitive performances assessed episodic memory, processing speed and executive functions/working memory (ESR paradigm, TMT, Stroop, n-back). Metamemory was assessed with a Judgment of Learning (JOL) task. RESULTS Patients with cognitive complaints had significantly more depressive and anxiety symptoms (ps < .004), and lower performances on several cognitive tests (ps < .05) than both patients without complaints and HC. More specifically, analyses of the metamemory scores revealed that HC gave significantly more overestimations ("Yes" judgment and incorrect recall) than patients with cognitive complaints (p = .036). For these patients, JOL scores correlated positively with executive functioning (ps < .01). CONCLUSION Metamemory monitoring seems to be well-preserved during cancer. What is more, patients make less overestimation than HC, and they do not underestimate their memory. An accurate self-estimation of memory abilities in cancer patients, particularly those with mild cognitive deficits, may play an adaptive function. Our results suggest that the discrepancy frequently reported between cognitive complaints and objective cognitive scores may not be related to metamemory monitoring dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bénédicte Giffard
- EPHE, INSERM, U1077, CHU de Caen, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine, PSL University, Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, Caen, France.,Cancer & Cognition Platform, Ligue Contre le Cancer, Caen, France
| | - Audrey Perrotin
- EPHE, INSERM, U1077, CHU de Caen, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine, PSL University, Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, Caen, France
| | - Philippe Allain
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire (LPPL EA 4638), Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Angers, France
| | - Jacques Dayan
- EPHE, INSERM, U1077, CHU de Caen, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine, PSL University, Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, Caen, France.,CHGR, Pôle Universitaire de Psychiatrie de l'Enfant et l'Adolescent, Rennes 1, France
| | - Francis Eustache
- EPHE, INSERM, U1077, CHU de Caen, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine, PSL University, Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, Caen, France
| | | | | | - Florence Joly
- Cancer & Cognition Platform, Ligue Contre le Cancer, Caen, France.,Clinical Research Department, Centre François Baclesse, Caen, France.,INSERM, U1086, ANTICIPE, Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, Caen, France.,Medical Oncology Department, CHU de Caen, Caen, France
| | - Marie Lange
- Cancer & Cognition Platform, Ligue Contre le Cancer, Caen, France.,Clinical Research Department, Centre François Baclesse, Caen, France.,INSERM, U1086, ANTICIPE, Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, Caen, France
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