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Li X, Wang Q, Zhang D, Wu D, Liu N, Chen T. Effects of long-term administration of Q808 on hippocampal transcriptome in healthy rats. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2022; 70:642-649. [PMID: 35831127 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c22-00357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Epilepsy treatment with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) is usually requires for many years. Q808 is an innovative antiepileptic chemical. It exerts effective antiepileptic effect against various epilepsy models. Exploring the gene transcriptomic profile of long-term treatment of Q808 is necessary. In the present study, hippocampus RNA-sequencing was performed to reveal the transcriptome profile of rats before and after treatment of Q808 for 28 days. Results confirmed 51 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between Q808 and healthy control groups. Gene cluster analysis showed that most upregulated DEGs linked to response to drug and nucleus, most downregulated DEGs linked to locomotory, neuronal cell body, and drug binding. Most of DEGs were enriched in the signaling transduction, substance dependence, nervous system, and neurodegenerative disease pathways. Furthermore, quantitative real-time PCR analysis confirmed that Q808 significantly increased the expression of neuroprotective genes, such as Mdk, and decreased the mRNA levels of Penk, Drd1, and Adora2a, which are highly expressed in epilepsy models. In addition, Q808 decreased the mRNA expression of Pde10A and Drd2, which are known to be closely associated with schizophrenia. Our study may provide a theoretical basis to explore the effect of Q808 on the susceptibility to epilepsy and other neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University
| | - Qing Wang
- Jilin Provincial Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Dianwen Zhang
- Jilin Provincial Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Di Wu
- Jilin Provincial Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Ning Liu
- Jilin Provincial Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Tianli Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine
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Zatloukalova E, Mikl M, Shaw DJ, Marecek R, Sakalosova L, Kuratkova M, Mitterova K, Sklenarova B, Brazdil M. Insights into déjà vu: Associations between the frequency of experience and amplitudes of low-frequency oscillations in resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. Eur J Neurosci 2021; 55:426-437. [PMID: 34907615 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The phenomenon of déjà vu (DV) has intrigued scientists for decades, yet its neurophysiological underpinnings remain elusive. Brain regions have been identified in which morphometry differs between healthy individuals according to the frequency of their DV experiences. This study built upon these findings by assessing if and how neural activity in these and other brain regions also differ with respect to DV experience. Resting-state fMRI was performed on 68 healthy volunteers, 44 of whom reported DV experiences (DV group) and 24 who did not (NDV group). Using multivariate analyses, we then assessed the (fractional) amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF/ALFF), a metric that is believed to index brain tissue excitability, for five discrete frequency bands within sets of brain regions implicated in DV and those comprising the default mode network (DMN). Analyses revealed significantly lower values of fALFF/ALFF for specific frequency bands in the DV relative to the NDV group, particularly within mesiotemporal structures, bilateral putamina, right caudatum, bilateral superior frontal cortices, left lateral parietal cortex, dorsal and ventral medial prefrontal cortex, and the posterior cingulate cortex. The pattern of differences in fALFF/ALFF measures between the brains of individuals who have experienced DV and those who have not provides new neurophysiological insights into this phenomenon, including the potential role of the DMN. We suggest that the erroneous feeling of familiarity arises from a temporary disruption of cortico-subcortical circuitry together with the upregulation of cortical excitability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Zatloukalova
- Brno Epilepsy Center, 1st Department of Neurology, St Anne's University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Full Member of the ERN EpiCARE, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Mikl
- Central European Institute of Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Joel Shaw
- Central European Institute of Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.,School of Psychology, College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Radek Marecek
- Brno Epilepsy Center, 1st Department of Neurology, St Anne's University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Full Member of the ERN EpiCARE, Brno, Czech Republic.,Central European Institute of Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Sakalosova
- Brno Epilepsy Center, 1st Department of Neurology, St Anne's University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Full Member of the ERN EpiCARE, Brno, Czech Republic.,Central European Institute of Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Kuratkova
- Brno Epilepsy Center, 1st Department of Neurology, St Anne's University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Full Member of the ERN EpiCARE, Brno, Czech Republic.,Central European Institute of Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Kristyna Mitterova
- Brno Epilepsy Center, 1st Department of Neurology, St Anne's University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Full Member of the ERN EpiCARE, Brno, Czech Republic.,Central European Institute of Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Sklenarova
- Brno Epilepsy Center, 1st Department of Neurology, St Anne's University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Full Member of the ERN EpiCARE, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Brazdil
- Brno Epilepsy Center, 1st Department of Neurology, St Anne's University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Full Member of the ERN EpiCARE, Brno, Czech Republic.,Central European Institute of Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
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Feldman RE, Marcuse LV, Verma G, Brown SSG, Rus A, Rutland JW, Delman BN, Balchandani P, Fields MC. Seven-tesla susceptibility-weighted analysis of hippocampal venous structures: Application to magnetic-resonance-normal focal epilepsy. Epilepsia 2020; 61:287-296. [PMID: 32020606 DOI: 10.1111/epi.16433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Vascular structures may play a significant role in epileptic pathology. Although previous attempts to characterize vasculature relative to epileptogenic zones and hippocampal sclerosis have been inconsistent, an in vivo method of analysis would assist in resolving these inconsistencies and facilitate a comparison against healthy controls in a human model. Magnetic resonance imaging is a noninvasive technique that provides excellent soft tissue contrast, and the relatively recent development of susceptibility-weighted imaging has dramatically improved the visibility of small veins. METHODS We built and tested a Hessian-based segmentation technique, which takes advantage of the increased signal and contrast available at 7 T to detect venous structures in vivo. We investigate the ability of this technique to quantify vessels in the brain and apply it to an asymmetry analysis of vessel density in the hippocampus in patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) and neocortical epilepsy. RESULTS Vessel density was highly symmetric in the hippocampus in controls (mean asymmetry = 0.080 ± 0.076, median = 0.05027), whereas average vessel density asymmetry was greater in neocortical (mean asymmetry = 0.23 ± 0.17, median = 0.14) and MTLE (mean asymmetry = 0.37 ± 0.46, median = 0.26) patients, with the decrease in vessel density ipsilateral to the suspected seizure onset zone. Post hoc testing with one-way analysis of variance and Tukey post hoc test indicated significant differences in the group means (P < .02) between MTLE and the control group only. SIGNIFICANCE Asymmetry in vessel density in the hippocampus is visible in patients with MTLE, even when qualitative and quantitative measures of hippocampal asymmetry show little volumetric difference between epilepsy patients and healthy controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Emily Feldman
- Department of Computer Science, Math, Physics, and Statistics, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada.,Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.,Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | | | - Gaurav Verma
- Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.,Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | | | - Alexandru Rus
- Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - John Watson Rutland
- Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Bradley Neil Delman
- Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.,Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Priti Balchandani
- Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.,Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
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Pešlová E, Mareček R, Shaw DJ, Kašpárek T, Pail M, Brázdil M. Hippocampal involvement in nonpathological déjà vu: Subfield vulnerability rather than temporal lobe epilepsy equivalent. Brain Behav 2018; 8:e00996. [PMID: 29873197 PMCID: PMC6043696 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Morphological correlates of nonpathological déjà vu (DV) have been identified recently within the human brain. Significantly reduced gray matter volume (GMV) within a set of cortical and subcortical regions reported in subjects experiencing DV seems to mirror the distribution of GMV reduction in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) patients but vary in terms of the hippocampus. Another condition associated with hippocampal GMV reduction and DV alike disturbance in memory processing is schizophrenia (SCH). Here, we tested the hypothesis that hippocampal involvement in nonpathological DV resembles more closely the pattern of GMV decrease observed in MTLE compared with that occurring in SCH. METHODS Using automated segmentation of the MRI data we compared the medians of GMV within 12 specific hippocampal subfields in healthy individuals that do (DV+; N = 87) and do not report déjà vu experience (DV-; N = 26), and patients with MTLE (N = 47) and SCH (N = 29). By Pearson correlation, we then evaluated the similarity of MTLE and SCH groups to DV+ group with respect to spatial distribution of GMV deviation from DV- group. RESULTS Significant GMV decrease was found in MTLE group in most of the subfields. There were just trends in the hippocampal GMV decrease found in DV+ or SCH groups. Concerning the spatial distribution of GMV decrease, we revealed statistically significant correlation for the left hippocampus for SCH vs DV+. Otherwise there was no statistically significant correlation. CONCLUSIONS Our findings reveal structural features of hippocampal involvement in nonpathological DV, MTLE, and SCH. Despite our expectations, the pattern of GMV reduction in the DV+ relative to the DV- group does not resemble the pattern observed in MTLE any more than that observed in SCH. The highly similar patterns of the three clinical groups rather suggest an increased vulnerability of certain hippocampal subfields; namely, Cornu Ammonis (CA)4, CA3, dentate gyrus granular cell layer (GC-DG), hippocampal-amygdaloid transition area (HATA) and subiculum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Pešlová
- Department of NeurologyBrno Epilepsy CenterSt. Anne’s University Hospital and Medical Faculty of Masaryk UniversityBrnoCzech Republic
| | - Radek Mareček
- Department of NeurologyBrno Epilepsy CenterSt. Anne’s University Hospital and Medical Faculty of Masaryk UniversityBrnoCzech Republic
- Multi‐modal and Functional Neuroimaging Research GroupCEITEC ‐ Central European Institute of TechnologyMasaryk UniversityBrnoCzech Republic
| | - Daniel J. Shaw
- Behavioral and Social Neuroscience Research GroupCEITEC ‐ Central European Institute of TechnologyMasaryk UniversityBrnoCzech Republic
| | - Tomáš Kašpárek
- Behavioral and Social Neuroscience Research GroupCEITEC ‐ Central European Institute of TechnologyMasaryk UniversityBrnoCzech Republic
- Department of PsychiatryFaculty Hospital Brno and Medical Faculty of Masaryk UniversityBrnoCzech Republic
| | - Martin Pail
- Department of NeurologyBrno Epilepsy CenterSt. Anne’s University Hospital and Medical Faculty of Masaryk UniversityBrnoCzech Republic
| | - Milan Brázdil
- Department of NeurologyBrno Epilepsy CenterSt. Anne’s University Hospital and Medical Faculty of Masaryk UniversityBrnoCzech Republic
- Behavioral and Social Neuroscience Research GroupCEITEC ‐ Central European Institute of TechnologyMasaryk UniversityBrnoCzech Republic
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