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Pleasant V. Patient counseling for breast cancer screening: Taking changes to USPSTF recommendations into account. OBG MANAGEMENT 2023; 35:43-49. [PMID: 38835939 PMCID: PMC11148851 DOI: 10.12788/obgm.0334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
The US Preventive Services Task Force now recommends mammography screening every other year starting at age 40 to decrease the risk of dying from breast cancer, but questions remain regarding biennial versus annual screening as well as disparities in risk factors and outcomes among Black people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Versha Pleasant
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
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2
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He TC, Li JA, Xu ZH, Chen QD, Yin HL, Pu N, Wang WQ, Liu L. Biological and clinical implications of early-onset cancers: A unique subtype. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2023; 190:104120. [PMID: 37660930 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2023.104120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the incidence of cancers is continuously increasing in young adults. Early-onset cancer (EOC) is usually defined as patients with cancers under the age of 50, and may represent a unique subgroup due to its special disease features. Overall, EOCs often initiate at a young age, present as a better physical performance but high degree of malignancy. EOCs also share common epidemiological and hereditary risk factors. In this review, we discuss several representative EOCs which were well studied previously. By revealing their clinical and molecular similarities and differences, we consider the group of EOCs as a unique subtype compared to ordinary cancers. In consideration of EOC as a rising threat to human health, more researches on molecular mechanisms, and large-scale, prospective clinical trials should be carried out to further translate into improved outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao-Chen He
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jian-Ang Li
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhi-Hang Xu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qiang-Da Chen
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Han-Lin Yin
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ning Pu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Wen-Quan Wang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Liang Liu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
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3
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Reproductive Considerations for Patients with Early-Onset Breast Cancer. CURRENT BREAST CANCER REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12609-022-00445-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Urbina-Jara LK, Martinez-Ledesma E, Rojas-Martinez A, Rodriguez-Recio FR, Ortiz-Lopez R. DNA Repair Genes as Drug Candidates for Early Breast Cancer Onset in Latin America: A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:13030. [PMID: 34884835 PMCID: PMC8657579 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222313030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of breast cancer in young women (YWBC) has increased alarmingly. Significant efforts are being made to elucidate the biological mechanisms concerning the development, prognosis, and pathological response in early-onset breast cancer (BC) patients. Dysfunctional DNA repair proteins are implied in BC predisposition, progression, and therapy response, underscoring the need for further analyses on DNA repair genes. Public databases of large patient datasets such as METABRIC, TCGA, COSMIC, and cancer cell lines allow the identification of variants in DNA repair genes and possible precision drug candidates. This study aimed at identifying variants and drug candidates that may benefit Latin American (LA) YWBC. We analyzed pathogenic variants in 90 genes involved in DNA repair in public BC datasets from METABRIC, TCGA, COSMIC, CCLE, and COSMIC Cell Lines Project. Results showed that reported DNA repair germline variants in the LA dataset are underrepresented in large databases, in contrast to other populations. Additionally, only six gene repair variants in women under 50 years old from the study population were reported in BC cell lines. Therefore, there is a need for new approaches to study DNA repair variants reported in young women from LA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Rocio Ortiz-Lopez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Monterrey 64710, Mexico; (L.K.U.-J.); (E.M.-L.); (A.R.-M.); (F.R.R.-R.)
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Abstract
Advances in genomic science have transformed our ability to interrogate cancer, revealing biases that drive disparities in minority populations. Cancer disparities research engages diverse ethnic group inclusion as a matter of rigor, to address underrepresentation in genomic data sources, and has led to groundbreaking work, enhancing our understanding of tumor biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa B Davis
- Ethnicity and Cancer Scholar, New York Genome Center, New York, New York. Englander Institute of Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York. International Center for the Study of Breast Cancer Subtypes, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York. Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York.
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Distinct Somatic Alteration Features Identified by Gene Panel Sequencing in Korean Triple-Negative Breast Cancer with High Ki67 Expression. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11030416. [PMID: 33804295 PMCID: PMC8000916 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11030416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to clarify the genetic difference between Korean triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and other breast cancer (BC) subtypes. TNBC was defined as the absence of hormonal receptors and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) amplification. DNA panel of the Ion Torrent Oncomine Comprehensive Assay (OCA) v3 was performed to identify somatic alteration in 48 specimens. In a total of 102 alterations (37 nonsense, 35 missense, 8 frameshift and 22 amplifications), 30 nucleotide alterations (24 nonsense, 1 missense, and 5 frameshift) were newly identified. The eight most commonly altered genes were PIK3CA, TP53, ERBB2, BRCA2, FANCD2, AKT1, BRCA1, and FANCA. TNBC had significantly lower mutation frequency in PIK3CA (TNBC vs. hormone receptor-positive and HER2-negative BC [HRPBC], p = 0.009), but higher mutation frequency in TP53 (TNBC vs. HRPBC, p = 0.036; TNBC vs. hormone receptor-positive and HER2- positive BC [HHPBC], p = 0.004). TNBC showed frequently higher Ki-67 expression than any positive BC (p = 0.004) due to HRPBC (p < 0.001). TNBC with high Ki-67/unmutated PIK3CA/mutated TP53 appears at a younger age (52.2 ± 7.6 years), compared to other subtypes (63.7 ± 11.0 years). TNBC with high Ki-67/unmutated PIK3CA/mutated TP53 may be related to relatively early onset BCThese findings demonstrate the genomic heterogeneity between TNBC and other BC subtypes and could present a new approach for molecular targeted therapy in TNBC patients.
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Eghlimi R, Shi X, Hrovat J, Xi B, Gu H. Triple Negative Breast Cancer Detection Using LC-MS/MS Lipidomic Profiling. J Proteome Res 2020; 19:2367-2378. [PMID: 32397718 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.0c00038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is a heterogeneous malignancy that is responsible for a great portion of female cancer cases and cancer-related deaths in the United States. In comparison to other major BC subtypes, triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) presents with a relatively low survival rate and a high rate of metastasis. This has led to a strong, though largely unmet, need for more sensitive and specific methods of early-stage TNBC (ES-TNBC) detection to combat its high-grade pathology and relatively low survival rate. The current study employs a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry assay capable of targeted, highly specific, and sensitive detection of lipids to propose two diagnostic biomarker panels for TNBC/ES-TNBC. Using this approach, 110 lipids were reliably detected in 166 human plasma samples, 45 controls, and 121 BC (96 non-TNBC and 25 TNBC) subjects. Univariate and multivariate analyses allowed the construction and application of a 19-lipid biomarker panel capable of distinguishing TNBC (and ES-TNBC) from controls, as well as a 5-lipid biomarker panel capable of differentiating TNBC from non-TNBC and ES-TNBC from ES-non-TNBC. Receiver operating characteristic curves with notable classification performances were generated from the biomarker panels according to their orthogonal partial least-squares discrimination analysis models. TNBC was distinguished from controls with an area under the receiving operating characteristic curve (AUROC) = 0.93, sensitivity = 0.96, and specificity = 0.76 and ES-TNBC from controls with an AUROC = 0.96, sensitivity = 0.95, and specificity = 0.89. TNBC was differentiated from non-TNBC with an AUROC = 0.88, sensitivity = 0.88, and specificity = 0.79 and ES-TNBC from ES-non-TNBC with an AUROC = 0.95, sensitivity = 0.95, and specificity = 0.87. A pathway enrichment analysis between TNBC and controls also revealed significant disturbances in choline metabolism, sphingolipid signaling, and glycerophospholipid metabolism. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to propose a diagnostic lipid biomarker panel for TNBC detection. All raw mass spectrometry data have been deposited to MassIVE (dataset identifier MSV000085324).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Eghlimi
- Arizona Metabolomics Laboratory, College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Scottsdale, Arizona 85259, United States
| | - Xiaojian Shi
- Arizona Metabolomics Laboratory, College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Scottsdale, Arizona 85259, United States
| | - Jonathan Hrovat
- Arizona Metabolomics Laboratory, College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Scottsdale, Arizona 85259, United States
| | - Bowei Xi
- Department of Statistics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Haiwei Gu
- Arizona Metabolomics Laboratory, College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Scottsdale, Arizona 85259, United States
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8
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Urbina-Jara LK, Rojas-Martinez A, Martinez-Ledesma E, Aguilar D, Villarreal-Garza C, Ortiz-Lopez R. Landscape of Germline Mutations in DNA Repair Genes for Breast Cancer in Latin America: Opportunities for PARP-Like Inhibitors and Immunotherapy. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:E786. [PMID: 31658756 PMCID: PMC6827033 DOI: 10.3390/genes10100786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Germline mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 (BRCA1/2) genes are present in about 50% of cases of hereditary breast cancer. Proteins encoded by these genes are key players in DNA repair by homologous recombination (HR). Advances in next generation sequencing and gene panels for breast cancer testing have generated a large amount of data on gene variants implicated in hereditary breast cancer, particularly in genes such as PALB2, ATM, CHEK2, RAD51, MSH2, and BARD1. These genes are involved in DNA repair. Most of these variants have been reported for Caucasian, Jewish, and Asian population, with few reports for other communities, like those in Latin American (LA) countries. We reviewed 81 studies from 11 LA countries published between 2000 and 2019 but most of these studies focused on BRCA1/2 genes. In addition to these genes, breast cancer-related variants have been reported for PALB2, ATM, CHEK2, BARD1, MLH1, BRIP1, MSH2, NBN, MSH6, and PMS2 genes. Some of these variants are unique to LA populations. This analysis may contribute to enhance breast cancer variant characterization, and thus to find therapies and implement precision medicine for LA communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Keren Urbina-Jara
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Monterrey 64710, Mexico.
| | - Augusto Rojas-Martinez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Monterrey 64710, Mexico.
| | | | - Dione Aguilar
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Monterrey 64710, Mexico.
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Centro de Cancer de Mama, Hospital Zambrano Hellion, San Pedro Garza Garcia 66278, Mexico.
| | - Cynthia Villarreal-Garza
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Centro de Cancer de Mama, Hospital Zambrano Hellion, San Pedro Garza Garcia 66278, Mexico.
- Instituto Nacional de Cancerologia, Departamento de Investigacion, Av. San Fernando #22, Tlalpan, Ciudad de Mexico 14080, Mexico.
| | - Rocio Ortiz-Lopez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Monterrey 64710, Mexico.
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Liu Q, Yao S, Zhao H, Hu Q, Kwan ML, Roh JM, Ambrosone CB, Kushi LH, Liu S, Zhu Q. Early-onset triple-negative breast cancer in multiracial/ethnic populations: Distinct trends of prevalence of truncation mutations. Cancer Med 2019; 8:1845-1853. [PMID: 30864286 PMCID: PMC6488149 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Young black women are at higher risk of triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC); however, a majority of the genetic studies on cancer predisposition were carried out in White populations. The underrepresentation of minority racial/ethnic populations in cancer genetic studies may have led to disproportionate gaps in our knowledge of cancer predisposition genes in these populations. We surveyed the protein‐truncating mutations at the exome‐wide scale and in known breast cancer predisposition genes among 170 patients of multiple racial/ethnic groups with early‐onset (≤age 50) TNBC from two independent cohorts. Black patients, on average, had a higher number of truncating mutations than Whites at the exome‐wide level, but fewer truncating mutations in the panel of known breast cancer genes. White TNBC patients showed a strong enrichment of truncating variants in known breast cancer genes, whereas no such enrichment was found among Black patients. Our findings indicate likely more breast cancer disposition genes yet to be discovered in minority racial/ethnic groups, and the current multigene panels may result in unequal benefits from cancer genetic testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liu
- Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Song Yao
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Hua Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Qiang Hu
- Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Marilyn L Kwan
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California
| | - Janise M Roh
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California
| | - Christine B Ambrosone
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Lawrence H Kushi
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California
| | - Song Liu
- Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Qianqian Zhu
- Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
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