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de Aguiar NS, Marcheafave GG, Pauli ED, Duarte MM, Scarminio IS, Bruns RE, Tauler R, Lazzarotto M, Wendling I. Multiblock NIR and MIR spectralprint through AComDim to evaluate the effects of growing site, harvest season, and clone on yerba mate leaves composition. Food Chem 2025; 477:143459. [PMID: 40023023 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2025.143459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2024] [Revised: 01/15/2025] [Accepted: 02/15/2025] [Indexed: 03/04/2025]
Abstract
The composition of yerba mate implies significant potential in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries, which requires standardization of the raw material. This study explores the simultaneous influence of growing sites, harvest seasons, and clones on the spectralprint of leaves through near-infrared (NIR) and mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopy coupled with ANOVA Common Dimensions (AComDim) multivariate analysis. MIR spectroscopy identifies only the main effects of growing site and harvesting season, and the interaction between these factors. The NIR spectralprint identifies all main effects and interactions. Growing site and harvesting season individually account for approximately 7 % of the variance in the chemical composition of yerba mate, with their interaction contributing with 5.7 %. Clonal variation significantly affects the spectral profile with approximately 4 % variance, which allowed the identification of clones with the highest chemical divergence. The study demonstrates that biospectroscopics and chemometrics can enhance yerba mate quality through clonal selection and optimized agricultural practices.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gustavo Galo Marcheafave
- Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas, P.O.Box 6154, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil; Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Elis Daiane Pauli
- Department of Chemistry, State University of Londrina, P.O.Box 6001, 86051-990 Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Ieda Spacino Scarminio
- Department of Chemistry, State University of Londrina, P.O.Box 6001, 86051-990 Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Roy Edward Bruns
- Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas, P.O.Box 6154, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Romà Tauler
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | | | - Ivar Wendling
- Departament of Forest Science, Federal University of Paraná, 80210-170 Curitiba, PR, Brazil; Embrapa Forestry, P.O.Box 319, 83411-000 Colombo, PR, Brazil.
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Santo ATDE, Siqueira LM, Almeida RN, Vargas RMF, Franceschini GDN, Kunde MA, Cappellari AR, Morrone FB, Cassel E. Decaffeination of yerba mate by supercritical fluid extraction: Improvement, mathematical modelling and infusion analysis. J Supercrit Fluids 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2020.105096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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