1
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Li Z, Zhou Y, Li T, Zhang J, Tian H. Stimuli‐responsive hydrogels: Fabrication and biomedical applications. VIEW 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/viw.20200112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ziyuan Li
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China University of Science & Technology Shanghai China
| | - Yanzi Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China University of Science & Technology Shanghai China
| | - Tianyue Li
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China University of Science & Technology Shanghai China
| | - Junji Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China University of Science & Technology Shanghai China
| | - He Tian
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China University of Science & Technology Shanghai China
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2
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Porras Hernández AM, Pohlit H, Sjögren F, Shi L, Ossipov D, Antfolk M, Tenje M. A simplified approach to control cell adherence on biologically derived in vitro cell culture scaffolds by direct UV-mediated RGD linkage. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2020; 31:89. [PMID: 33057798 PMCID: PMC7560931 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-020-06446-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we present a method to fabricate a hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel with spatially controlled cell-adhesion properties based on photo-polymerisation cross-linking and functionalization. The approach utilises the same reaction pathway for both steps meaning that it is user-friendly and allows for adaptation at any stage during the fabrication process. Moreover, the process does not require any additional cross-linkers. The hydrogel is formed by UV-initiated radical addition reaction between acrylamide (Am) groups on the HA backbone. Cell adhesion is modulated by functionalising the adhesion peptide sequence arginine-glycine-aspartate onto the hydrogel surface via radical mediated thiol-ene reaction using the non-reacted Am groups. We show that 10 × 10 µm2 squares could be patterned with sharp features and a good resolution. The smallest area that could be patterned resulting in good cell adhesion was 25 × 25 µm2 squares, showing single-cell adhesion. Mouse brain endothelial cells adhered and remained in culture for up to 7 days on 100 × 100 µm2 square patterns. We see potential for this material combination for future use in novel organ-on-chip models and tissue engineering where the location of the cells is of importance and to further study endothelial cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Porras Hernández
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - H Pohlit
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - F Sjögren
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - L Shi
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - D Ossipov
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition (BioNut), Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - M Antfolk
- BRIC-Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M Tenje
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
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3
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LeValley PJ, Neelarapu R, Sutherland BP, Dasgupta S, Kloxin CJ, Kloxin AM. Photolabile Linkers: Exploiting Labile Bond Chemistry to Control Mode and Rate of Hydrogel Degradation and Protein Release. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:4671-4679. [PMID: 32037819 PMCID: PMC7267699 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b11564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Photolabile moieties have been utilized in applications ranging from peptide synthesis and controlled protein activation to tunable and dynamic materials. The photochromic properties of nitrobenzyl (NB) based linkers are readily tuned to respond to cytocompatible light doses and are widely utilized in cell culture and other biological applications. While widely utilized, little is known about how the microenvironment, particularly confined aqueous environments (e.g., hydrogels), affects both the mode and rate of cleavage of NB moieties, leading to unpredictable limitations in control over system properties (e.g., rapid hydrolysis or slow photolysis). To address these challenges, we synthesized and characterized the photolysis and hydrolysis of NB moieties containing different labile bonds (i.e., ester, amide, carbonate, or carbamate) that served as labile crosslinks within step-growth hydrogels. We observed that NB ester bond exhibited significant rates of both photolysis and hydrolysis, whereas, importantly, the NB carbamate bond had superior light responsiveness and resistance to hydrolysis within the hydrogel microenvironment. Exploiting this synergy and orthogonality of photolytic and hydrolytic degradation, we designed concentric cylinder hydrogels loaded with different cargoes (e.g., model protein with different fluorophores) for either combinatorial or sequential release, respectively. Overall, this work provides new facile chemical approaches for tuning the degradability of NB linkers and an innovative strategy for the construction of multimodal degradable hydrogels, which can be utilized to guide the design of not only tunable materials platforms but also controlled synthetic protocols or surface modification strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paige J. LeValley
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, United States
| | - Raghupathi Neelarapu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, United States
| | - Bryan P. Sutherland
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, United States
| | - Srimoyee Dasgupta
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, United States
| | - Christopher J. Kloxin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, United States
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, United States
| | - April M. Kloxin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, United States
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, United States
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4
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Shadish JA, Benuska GM, DeForest CA. Bioactive site-specifically modified proteins for 4D patterning of gel biomaterials. NATURE MATERIALS 2019; 18:1005-1014. [PMID: 31110347 PMCID: PMC6706293 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-019-0367-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Protein-modified biomaterials can be used to modulate cellular function in three dimensions. However, as the dynamic heterogeneous control over complex cell physiology continues to be sought, strategies that permit a reversible and user-defined tethering of fragile proteins to materials remain in great need. Here we introduce a modular and robust semisynthetic approach to reversibly pattern cell-laden hydrogels with site-specifically modified proteins. Exploiting a versatile sortase-mediated transpeptidation, we generate a diverse library of homogeneous, singly functionalized proteins with bioorthogonal reactive handles for biomaterial modification. We demonstrate the photoreversible immobilization of fluorescent proteins, enzymes and growth factors to gels with excellent spatiotemporal resolution while retaining native protein bioactivity. Localized epidermal growth factor presentation enables dynamic regulation over proliferation, intracellular mitogen-activated protein kinase signalling and subcellularly resolved receptor endocytosis. Our method broadly permits the modification and patterning of a wide range of proteins, which provides newfound avenues to probe and direct advanced cellular fates in four dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jared A Shadish
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Cole A DeForest
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
- Institute for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
- Molecular Engineering & Sciences Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
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5
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Oksdath M, Perrin SL, Bardy C, Hilder EF, DeForest CA, Arrua RD, Gomez GA. Review: Synthetic scaffolds to control the biochemical, mechanical, and geometrical environment of stem cell-derived brain organoids. APL Bioeng 2018; 2:041501. [PMID: 31069322 PMCID: PMC6481728 DOI: 10.1063/1.5045124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cell-derived brain organoids provide a powerful platform for systematic studies of tissue functional architecture and the development of personalized therapies. Here, we review key advances at the interface of soft matter and stem cell biology on synthetic alternatives to extracellular matrices. We emphasize recent biomaterial-based strategies that have been proven advantageous towards optimizing organoid growth and controlling the geometrical, biomechanical, and biochemical properties of the organoid's three-dimensional environment. We highlight systems that have the potential to increase the translational value of region-specific brain organoid models suitable for different types of manipulations and high-throughput applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Oksdath
- Centre for Cancer Biology, South Australia Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide 5001, Australia
| | - Sally L. Perrin
- Centre for Cancer Biology, South Australia Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide 5001, Australia
| | | | - Emily F. Hilder
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes 5095, Australia
| | - Cole A. DeForest
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1750, USA
| | - R. Dario Arrua
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes 5095, Australia
| | - Guillermo A. Gomez
- Centre for Cancer Biology, South Australia Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide 5001, Australia
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6
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Darling NJ, Sideris E, Hamada N, Carmichael ST, Segura T. Injectable and Spatially Patterned Microporous Annealed Particle (MAP) Hydrogels for Tissue Repair Applications. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2018; 5:1801046. [PMID: 30479933 PMCID: PMC6247047 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201801046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Spatially patterned hydrogels are becoming increasingly popular in the field of regenerative medicine and tissue repair because of their ability to guide cell infiltration and migration. However, postfabrication technologies are usually required to spatially pattern a hydrogel, making these hydrogels difficult to translate into the clinic. Here, an injectable spatially patterned hydrogel is reported using hyaluronic acid (HA)-based particle hydrogels. These particle hydrogels are sequentially loaded into a syringe to form a pattern and, once injected, they maintain the pattern. The applicability of this hydrogel in a wound healing skin model, a subcutaneous implant model, as well as a stroke brain model is examined and distinct patterning in all models tested is shown. This injectable and spatially patterned hydrogel can be used to create physical or biochemical gradients. Further, this design can better match the scaffold properties within the physical location of the tissue (e.g., wound border vs wound center). This allows for better design features within the material that promote repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole J. Darling
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringUniversity of California, Los Angeles420 Westwood PlazaLos AngelesCA90095USA
| | - Elias Sideris
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringUniversity of California, Los Angeles420 Westwood PlazaLos AngelesCA90095USA
| | - Naomi Hamada
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringUniversity of California, Los Angeles420 Westwood PlazaLos AngelesCA90095USA
| | - S. Thomas Carmichael
- Department of NeurologyDavid Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of California, Los Angeles621 Charles Young DriveLos AngelesCA90095USA
| | - Tatiana Segura
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringUniversity of California, Los Angeles420 Westwood PlazaLos AngelesCA90095USA
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7
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Dimatteo R, Darling NJ, Segura T. In situ forming injectable hydrogels for drug delivery and wound repair. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2018; 127:167-184. [PMID: 29567395 PMCID: PMC6003852 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2018.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 441] [Impact Index Per Article: 73.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 02/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogels have been utilized in regenerative applications for many decades because of their biocompatibility and similarity in structure to the native extracellular matrix. Initially, these materials were formed outside of the patient and implanted using invasive surgical techniques. However, advances in synthetic chemistry and materials science have now provided researchers with a library of techniques whereby hydrogel formation can occur in situ upon delivery through standard needles. This provides an avenue to minimally invasively deliver therapeutic payloads, fill complex tissue defects, and induce the regeneration of damaged portions of the body. In this review, we highlight these injectable therapeutic hydrogel biomaterials in the context of drug delivery and tissue regeneration for skin wound repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Dimatteo
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, 420 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States.
| | - Nicole J Darling
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, 420 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States.
| | - Tatiana Segura
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Bioengineering, and Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, 420 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States.
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8
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Rose JC, De Laporte L. Hierarchical Design of Tissue Regenerative Constructs. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7:e1701067. [PMID: 29369541 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201701067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The worldwide shortage of organs fosters significant advancements in regenerative therapies. Tissue engineering and regeneration aim to supply or repair organs or tissues by combining material scaffolds, biochemical signals, and cells. The greatest challenge entails the creation of a suitable implantable or injectable 3D macroenvironment and microenvironment to allow for ex vivo or in vivo cell-induced tissue formation. This review gives an overview of the essential components of tissue regenerating scaffolds, ranging from the molecular to the macroscopic scale in a hierarchical manner. Further, this review elaborates about recent pivotal technologies, such as photopatterning, electrospinning, 3D bioprinting, or the assembly of micrometer-scale building blocks, which enable the incorporation of local heterogeneities, similar to most native extracellular matrices. These methods are applied to mimic a vast number of different tissues, including cartilage, bone, nerves, muscle, heart, and blood vessels. Despite the tremendous progress that has been made in the last decade, it remains a hurdle to build biomaterial constructs in vitro or in vivo with a native-like structure and architecture, including spatiotemporal control of biofunctional domains and mechanical properties. New chemistries and assembly methods in water will be crucial to develop therapies that are clinically translatable and can evolve into organized and functional tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas C. Rose
- DWI—Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials Forckenbeckstr. 50 Aachen D‐52074 Germany
| | - Laura De Laporte
- DWI—Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials Forckenbeckstr. 50 Aachen D‐52074 Germany
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9
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Ossipov DA, Romero AB, Ossipova E. Light-activatable prodrugs based on hyaluronic acid biomaterials. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 180:145-155. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Revised: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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10
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Abstract
Hydrogels mimic many of the physical properties of soft tissue and are widely used biomaterials for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Synthetic hydrogels have been developed to recapitulate many of the healthy and diseased states of native tissues and can be used as a cell scaffold to study the effect of matricellular interactions in vitro. However, these matrices often fail to capture the dynamic and heterogenous nature of the in vivo environment, which varies spatially and during events such as development and disease. To address this deficiency, a variety of manufacturing and processing techniques are being adapted to the biomaterials setting. Among these, photochemistry is particularly well suited because these reactions can be performed in precise three-dimensional space and at specific moments in time. This spatiotemporal control over chemical reactions can also be performed over a range of cell- and tissue-relevant length scales with reactions that proceed efficiently and harmlessly at ambient conditions. This review will focus on the use of photochemical reactions to create dynamic hydrogel environments, and how these dynamic environments are being used to investigate and direct cell behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobin E Brown
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, USA.
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11
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Leijten J, Seo J, Yue K, Santiago GTD, Tamayol A, Ruiz-Esparza GU, Shin SR, Sharifi R, Noshadi I, Álvarez MM, Zhang YS, Khademhosseini A. Spatially and Temporally Controlled Hydrogels for Tissue Engineering. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. R, REPORTS : A REVIEW JOURNAL 2017; 119:1-35. [PMID: 29200661 PMCID: PMC5708586 DOI: 10.1016/j.mser.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Recent years have seen tremendous advances in the field of hydrogel-based biomaterials. One of the most prominent revolutions in this field has been the integration of elements or techniques that enable spatial and temporal control over hydrogels' properties and functions. Here, we critically review the emerging progress of spatiotemporal control over biomaterial properties towards the development of functional engineered tissue constructs. Specifically, we will highlight the main advances in the spatial control of biomaterials, such as surface modification, microfabrication, photo-patterning, and three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting, as well as advances in the temporal control of biomaterials, such as controlled release of molecules, photocleaving of proteins, and controlled hydrogel degradation. We believe that the development and integration of these techniques will drive the engineering of next-generation engineered tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen Leijten
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Developmental BioEngineering, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Jungmok Seo
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Center for Biomaterials, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Kan Yue
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Grissel Trujillo-de Santiago
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Microsystems Technologies Laboratories, MIT, Cambridge, 02139, MA, USA
- Centro de Biotecnología-FEMSA, Tecnológico de Monterrey at Monterrey, CP 64849, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México
| | - Ali Tamayol
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Guillermo U. Ruiz-Esparza
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Su Ryon Shin
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Roholah Sharifi
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Iman Noshadi
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Mario Moisés Álvarez
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Microsystems Technologies Laboratories, MIT, Cambridge, 02139, MA, USA
- Centro de Biotecnología-FEMSA, Tecnológico de Monterrey at Monterrey, CP 64849, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México
| | - Yu Shrike Zhang
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Bioindustrial Technologies, College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21569, Saudi Arabia
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12
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Zhu X, Gojgini S, Chen TH, Fei P, Dong S, Ho CM, Segura T. Directing three-dimensional multicellular morphogenesis by self-organization of vascular mesenchymal cells in hyaluronic acid hydrogels. J Biol Eng 2017; 11:12. [PMID: 28392831 PMCID: PMC5376694 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-017-0055-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical scaffolds are useful for supporting cells to form three-dimensional (3D) tissue. However, it is non-trivial to develop a scheme that can robustly guide cells to self-organize into a tissue with the desired 3D spatial structures. To achieve this goal, the rational regulation of cellular self-organization in 3D extracellular matrix (ECM) such as hydrogel is needed. RESULTS In this study, we integrated the Turing reaction-diffusion mechanism with the self-organization process of cells and produced multicellular 3D structures with the desired configurations in a rational manner. By optimizing the components of the hydrogel and applying exogenous morphogens, a variety of multicellular 3D architectures composed of multipotent vascular mesenchymal cells (VMCs) were formed inside hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels. These 3D architectures could mimic the features of trabecular bones and multicellular nodules. Based on the Turing reaction-diffusion instability of morphogens and cells, a theoretical model was proposed to predict the variations observed in 3D multicellular structures in response to exogenous factors. It enabled the feasibility to obtain diverse types of 3D multicellular structures by addition of Noggin and/or BMP2. CONCLUSIONS The morphological consistency between the simulation prediction and experimental results probably revealed a Turing-type mechanism underlying the 3D self-organization of VMCs in HA hydrogels. Our study has provided new ways to create a variety of self-organized 3D multicellular architectures for regenerating biomaterial and tissues in a Turing mechanism-based approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolu Zhu
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hohai University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213022 China
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Shiva Gojgini
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Ting-Hsuan Chen
- Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Peng Fei
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Siyan Dong
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Chih-Ming Ho
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Bioengineering Department, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Tatiana Segura
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
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13
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Sideris E, Griffin DR, Ding Y, Li S, Weaver WM, Di Carlo D, Hsiai T, Segura T. Particle Hydrogels Based on Hyaluronic Acid Building Blocks. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2016; 2:2034-2041. [PMID: 33440539 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6b00444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) provides tissues with the mechanical support, space, and bioactive signals needed for homeostasis or tissue repair after wounding or disease. Hydrogel based scaffolds that can match the bulk mechanical properties of the target tissue have been extensively explored as ECM mimics. Although the addition of microporosity to hydrogel scaffolds has been shown to enhance cell/tissue-material integration, the introduction of microporosity often involves harsh chemical methods, which limit bioactive signal incorporation and injectability. Particle hydrogels are an emerging platform to generate in situ forming microporous scaffolds. In this approach, μgel particles are annealed to each other to form a bulk scaffold that is porous because of the void space left by the packed microgels. In the present work, we discuss the formation of hyaluronic acid-based microfluidic generated microgels for the generation of a completely biodegradable material. The generation of particle scaffolds requires two orthogonal chemistries, one for microgel generation and one for microgel annealing and scaffold formation. Here we explore three orthogonal annealing chemistries based on an enzymatic reaction, light based radical polymerization, and amine/carboxylic acid based cross-linking to demonstrate the versatility of our particle hydrogels and explore potential physical differences between the approaches. We explore the connectivity of the generated pores, the pore area/void fraction of the resulting scaffold, the mechanical properties of the scaffold, and cell spreading within scaffolds formed with the three different annealing mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yichen Ding
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | | | | | | | - Tzung Hsiai
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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14
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Grim JC, Marozas IA, Anseth KS. Thiol-ene and photo-cleavage chemistry for controlled presentation of biomolecules in hydrogels. J Control Release 2015; 219:95-106. [PMID: 26315818 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Revised: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogels have emerged as promising scaffolds in regenerative medicine for the delivery of biomolecules to promote healing. However, increasing evidence suggests that the context that biomolecules are presented to cells (e.g., as soluble verses tethered signals) can influence their bioactivity. A common approach to deliver biomolecules in hydrogels involves physically entrapping them within the network, such that they diffuse out over time to the surrounding tissues. While simple and versatile, the release profiles in such system are highly dependent on the molecular weight of the entrapped molecule relative to the network structure, and it can be difficult to control the release of two different signals at independent rates. In some cases, supraphysiologically high loadings are used to achieve therapeutic local concentrations, but uncontrolled release can then cause deleterious off-target side effects. In vivo, many growth factors and cytokines are stored in the extracellular matrix (ECM) and released on demand as needed during development, growth, and wound healing. Thus, emerging strategies in biomaterial chemistry have focused on ways to tether or sequester biological signals and engineer these bioactive scaffolds to signal to delivered cells or endogenous cells. While many strategies exist to achieve tethering of peptides, protein, and small molecules, this review focuses on photochemical methods, and their usefulness as a mild reaction that proceeds with fast kinetics in aqueous solutions and at physiological conditions. Photo-click and photo-caging methods are particularly useful because one can direct light to specific regions of the hydrogel to achieve spatial patterning. Recent methods have even demonstrated reversible introduction of biomolecules to mimic the dynamic changes of native ECM, enabling researchers to explore how the spatial and dynamic context of biomolecular signals influences important cell functions. This review will highlight how two photochemical methods have led to important advances in the tissue regeneration community, namely the thiol-ene photo-click reaction for bioconjugation and photocleavage reactions that allow for the removal of protecting groups. Specific examples will be highlighted where these methodologies have been used to engineer hydrogels that control and direct cell function with the aim of inspiring their use in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph C Grim
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Ian A Marozas
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA; BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Kristi S Anseth
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA; BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA.
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15
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Griffin DR, Weaver WM, Scumpia PO, Di Carlo D, Segura T. Accelerated wound healing by injectable microporous gel scaffolds assembled from annealed building blocks. NATURE MATERIALS 2015; 14:737-44. [PMID: 26030305 PMCID: PMC4615579 DOI: 10.1038/nmat4294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 532] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Injectable hydrogels can provide a scaffold for in situ tissue regrowth and regeneration, yet gel degradation before tissue reformation limits the gels' ability to provide physical support. Here, we show that this shortcoming can be circumvented through an injectable, interconnected microporous gel scaffold assembled from annealed microgel building blocks whose chemical and physical properties can be tailored by microfluidic fabrication. In vitro, cells incorporated during scaffold formation proliferated and formed extensive three-dimensional networks within 48 h. In vivo, the scaffolds facilitated cell migration that resulted in rapid cutaneous-tissue regeneration and tissue-structure formation within five days. The combination of microporosity and injectability of these annealed gel scaffolds should enable novel routes to tissue regeneration and formation in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald R Griffin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Westbrook M Weaver
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Philip O Scumpia
- Division of Dermatology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Dino Di Carlo
- Department of Bioengineering, California NanoSystems Institute, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Tatiana Segura
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, California NanoSystems Institute, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
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16
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Malešević M, Migge A, Hertel TC, Pietzsch M. A fluorescence-based array screen for transglutaminase substrates. Chembiochem 2015; 16:1169-74. [PMID: 25940638 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201402709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Transglutaminases (EC 2.3.2.13) form an enzyme family that catalyzes the formation of isopeptide bonds between the γ-carboxamide group of glutamine and the ε-amine group of lysine residues of peptides and proteins. Other primary amines can be accepted in place of lysine. Because of their important physiological and pathophysiological functions, transglutaminases have been studied for 60 years. However, the substrate preferences of this enzyme class remain largely elusive. In this study, we used focused combinatorial libraries of 400 peptides to investigate the influence of the amino acids adjacent to the glutamine and lysine residues on the catalysis of isopeptide bond formation by microbial transglutaminase. Using the peptide microarray technology we found a strong positive influence of hydrophobic and basic amino acids, especially arginine, tyrosine, and leucine. Several tripeptide substrates were synthesized, and enzymatic kinetic parameters were determined both by microarray analysis and in solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslav Malešević
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Department of Enzymology, Project Group gFP5, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Weinbergweg 22, 06120 Halle/Saale (Germany)
| | - Andreas Migge
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Sciences I, Biosciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Weinbergweg 22, 06120 Halle/Saale (Germany)
| | - Thomas C Hertel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Sciences I, Biosciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Weinbergweg 22, 06120 Halle/Saale (Germany)
| | - Markus Pietzsch
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Sciences I, Biosciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Weinbergweg 22, 06120 Halle/Saale (Germany).
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17
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Simona BR, Hirt L, Demkó L, Zambelli T, Vörös J, Ehrbar M, Milleret V. Density gradients at hydrogel interfaces for enhanced cell penetration. Biomater Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4bm00416g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Interfacial crosslinking density gradients represent a simple strategy to overcome the challenge of the limited penetration of cells seeded on the surface of hydrogels. The strategy here-presented can be used both when cells need to be seeded after hydrogel processing and to enable cell migration through hydrogel elements additively manufactured.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. R. Simona
- Laboratory of Biosensors and Bioelectronics
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering
- University and ETH Zurich
- Zurich
- Switzerland
| | - L. Hirt
- Laboratory of Biosensors and Bioelectronics
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering
- University and ETH Zurich
- Zurich
- Switzerland
| | - L. Demkó
- Laboratory of Biosensors and Bioelectronics
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering
- University and ETH Zurich
- Zurich
- Switzerland
| | - T. Zambelli
- Laboratory of Biosensors and Bioelectronics
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering
- University and ETH Zurich
- Zurich
- Switzerland
| | - J. Vörös
- Laboratory of Biosensors and Bioelectronics
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering
- University and ETH Zurich
- Zurich
- Switzerland
| | - M. Ehrbar
- Laboratory for Cell and Tissue Engineering
- Department of Obstetrics
- University Hospital Zurich
- 8091 Zurich
- Switzerland
| | - V. Milleret
- Laboratory for Cell and Tissue Engineering
- Department of Obstetrics
- University Hospital Zurich
- 8091 Zurich
- Switzerland
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18
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Lin Y, Wang Q. Caged peptides to control enzymatic activity within hydrogel scaffolds. Chembiochem 2014; 15:787-8. [PMID: 24590591 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201400071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Enzyme-assisted 3D lithography: A peptide substrate for transglutaminase factor XIII (FXIIIa) can be caged with a photo-deprotectable group and immobilized to the hydrogel framework. The substrate can be decaged by using multiphoton light to anchor cell-signaling motifs in a spatial specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130022 (P. R. China).
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