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Saeedifar AM, Mosayebi G, Ghazavi A, Bushehri RH, Ganji A. Macrophage polarization by phytotherapy in the tumor microenvironment. Phytother Res 2021; 35:3632-3648. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amir Mohammad Saeedifar
- Department of Immunology & Microbiology, School of Medicine Arak University of Medical Sciences Arak Iran
| | - Ghasem Mosayebi
- Department of Immunology & Microbiology, School of Medicine Arak University of Medical Sciences Arak Iran
- Molecular and Medicine Research Center Arak University of Medical Sciences Arak Iran
| | - Ali Ghazavi
- Department of Immunology & Microbiology, School of Medicine Arak University of Medical Sciences Arak Iran
- Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Center (TCMRC) Arak University of Medical Sciences Arak Iran
| | - Rouhollah Hemmati Bushehri
- Department of Immunology & Microbiology, School of Medicine Arak University of Medical Sciences Arak Iran
| | - Ali Ganji
- Department of Immunology & Microbiology, School of Medicine Arak University of Medical Sciences Arak Iran
- Molecular and Medicine Research Center Arak University of Medical Sciences Arak Iran
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Liu J, Wang X, Song M, Du J, Yu J, Zheng W, Zhang C, Wang Y. MiR-497-5p Regulates Osteo/Odontogenic Differentiation of Stem Cells From Apical Papilla via the Smad Signaling Pathway by Targeting Smurf2. Front Genet 2020; 11:582366. [PMID: 33193708 PMCID: PMC7662069 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.582366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteo/odontogenic differentiation is a key process of human stem cells from apical papilla (SCAP) in tooth root development. Emerging evidence indicates microRNAs (miRNAs) play diverse roles in osteogenesis. However, their functions in osteo/odontogenic differentiation of SCAP require further elucidation. To investigate the role of miRNA in SCAP osteo/odontogenic differentiation and underlying mechanisms, miRNA microarray analysis was performed to screen differentially expressed miRNAs between control and osteo/odontogenic-induced group. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and western blot were used to detected osteo/odontogenic differentiation-related markers and possible signaling pathway SCAP-associated genes. Alizarin Red Staining (ARS) were applied to evaluated osteogenic capacity. The results showed that miR-497-5p increased during SCAP osteo/odontogenic differentiation. Overexpression of miR-497-5p enhanced the osteo/odontogenic differentiation of SCAP, whereas downregulation of miR-497-5p elicited the opposite effect, thus suggesting that miR-497-5p is a positive regulator of the osteo/odontogenic differentiation of SCAP. Bioinformatic analysis and dual luciferase reporter assay identified that SMAD specific E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 2 (Smurf2) is a direct target of miR-497-5p. Further study demonstrated that Smurf2 negatively regulates SCAP osteo/odontogenic differentiation, and silencing Smurf2 could block the inhibitory effect of the miR-497-5p inhibitor. Meanwhile, pathway detection manifested that miR-497-5p promotes osteo/odontogenic differentiation via Smad signaling pathway. Collectively, our findings demostrate that miR-497-5p promotes osteo/odontogenic differentiation of SCAP via Smad signaling pathway by targeting Smurf2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junqing Liu
- Department of Vip center, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China.,Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Xiaolong Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Mengxiao Song
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Oral Pathology, School of Stomatology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jing Du
- Department of Vip center, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Jiali Yu
- Department of Vip center, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Wenzhou Zheng
- Department of Vip center, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Chengfei Zhang
- Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Vip center, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
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Meng J, Qin Y, Chen J, Wei L, Huang XR, Yu X, Lan HY. Treatment of Hypertensive Heart Disease by Targeting Smad3 Signaling in Mice. MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT 2020; 18:791-802. [PMID: 32953930 PMCID: PMC7475647 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2020.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β)/Smad3 signaling plays a central role in chronic heart disease. Here, we report that targeting Smad3 with a Smad3 inhibitor SIS3 in an established mouse model of hypertension significantly improved cardiac dysfunctions by preserving the left ventricle (LV) ejection fraction (LVEF) and LV fractional shortening (LVFS), while reducing the LV mass. In addition, SIS3 treatment also halted the progression of myocardial fibrosis by blocking α-smooth muscle actin-positive (α-SMA+) myofibroblasts and collagen matrix accumulation, and inhibited cardiac inflammation by suppressing interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP1), intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM1) expression, and infiltration of CD3+ T cells and F4/80+ macrophages. Interestingly, treatment with SIS3 did not alter levels of high blood pressure, revealing a blood pressure-independent cardioprotective effect of SIS3. Mechanistically, treatment with SIS3 not only directly inactivated TGF-β/Smad3 signaling but also protected cardiac Smad7 from Smurf2-mediated proteasomal ubiquitin degradation. Because Smad7 functions as an inhibitor for both TGF-β/Smad and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling, increased cardiac Smad7 could be another mechanism through which SIS3 treatment blocked Smad3-mediated myocardial fibrosis and NF-κB-driven cardiac inflammation. In conclusion, SIS3 is a therapeutic agent for hypertensive heart disease. Results from this study demonstrate that targeting Smad3 signaling with SIS3 may be a novel and effective therapy for chronic heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxiu Meng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China.,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, and Lui Che Woo Institute of Innovative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuyan Qin
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, China.,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, and Lui Che Woo Institute of Innovative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Junzhe Chen
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, and Lui Che Woo Institute of Innovative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lihua Wei
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, and Lui Che Woo Institute of Innovative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiao-Ru Huang
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Immune and Genetic Kidney Disease, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, and The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, and Lui Che Woo Institute of Innovative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiyong Yu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, China
| | - Hui-Yao Lan
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Immune and Genetic Kidney Disease, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, and The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, and Lui Che Woo Institute of Innovative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Mosayebzadeh Roshan H, Abtahi-Eivary SH, Shojaee-Mend H, Mohammadzadeh A, Bahari Sani Z. The Effects of WW2/WW3 Domains of Smurf2 Molecule on CD4+CD25+/CD4+ Proportion in Spleen of 4T1 Tumor Bearing BALB/c Mice. IRANIAN BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL 2020; 24:214-9. [PMID: 32306719 PMCID: PMC7275819 DOI: 10.29252/ibj.24.4.214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Background: TGF-β has long been considered as the main inducer of Tregs in tumor microenvironment and is the reason for the aberrant number of Tregs in tumor-bearing individuals. Recently, it has been suggested that the enzyme arginase I is able to mediate the induction of Tregs in a TGF-β-independent fashion. The recombinant WW2/WW3 domains from Smurf2 molecule was demonstrated to increase TGF-β signaling while reducing arginase I gene expression. In this study, we aimed to examine the effects of this recombinant protein on CD4+CD25+/CD4+ proportion in the spleen of 4T1 mammary carcinoma-bearing BALB/c mice. Methods: Flow cytometry was used to evaluate CD4+CD25+ spleen cell populations of the tumor-bearing mice that received WW2/WW3 protein treatment and those of the control group. Results: The results indicated a significant rise in CD4+CD25+/CD4+ ratio, along with an average increase in tumor mass of the subjects that underwent protein treatment. Conclusion: It can be inferred that the heightened CD4+CD25+/CD4+ proportion in the spleen of protein-treated tumor-bearing mice can be the result of the increased TGF-β signaling despite the reduced arginase I expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hani Mosayebzadeh Roshan
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Seyed-Hosein Abtahi-Eivary
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Hassan Shojaee-Mend
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Alireza Mohammadzadeh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Zahra Bahari Sani
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
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Liu J, Kong D, Qiu J, Xie Y, Lu Z, Zhou C, Liu X, Zhang R, Wang Y. Praziquantel ameliorates CCl 4 -induced liver fibrosis in mice by inhibiting TGF-β/Smad signalling via up-regulating Smad7 in hepatic stellate cells. Br J Pharmacol 2019; 176:4666-4680. [PMID: 31412137 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2018] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Praziquantel is a schistosomicide, which has been used for more than 30 years due to its efficiency, safety, and mild side effects. Previous studies showed that prolonged treatment with praziquantel suppressed the development of liver fibrosis in mice with schistosomiasis. In this study, we investigated the potential mechanisms underlying the antifibrotic effects of praziquantel. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH To avoid the effect of schistosomicidal activity of praziquantel against liver fibrosis induced by Schistosoma japonicum infection, we established a mouse model of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4 )-induced liver fibrosis for in vivo studies and used TGF-β1-stimulated human hepatic stellate cell line (LX-2) in addition to other fibroblast-like cell line (MES13) and fibroblast cell line (NIH3T3) in vitro. Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, quantitative real-time PCR, siRNA, and immunofluorescence staining were utilized to assess the expression of key molecules in liver fibrosis and the TGF-β/Smad pathway. KEY RESULTS Praziquantel significantly attenuated CCl4 -induced liver fibrosis by inhibiting the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and expression of collagen matrix via enhancement of Smad7 expression, which were confirmed in LX-2, MES13, and NIH3T3 cells in vitro. In contrast, knockdown of Smad7 in LX-2 cells prevented praziquantel-mediated inhibition of LX-2 cell activation and TGF-β1-mediated collagen type I α1 induction, revealing the critical role of Smad7 in the antifibrotic effect of praziquantel during liver fibrosis. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS PZQ exhibited a strong efficacy against liver fibrosis by inhibiting activation of HSCs via Smad7 up-regulation, suggesting potential broad utility in treatment of diseases characterized by liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Liu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Delong Kong
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jingfan Qiu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanci Xie
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhongkui Lu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chunlei Zhou
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Pathology, Nanjing Children's Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinjian Liu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Kangda College, Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, China.,Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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6
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Tidball JG, Welc SS, Wehling-Henricks M. Immunobiology of Inherited Muscular Dystrophies. Compr Physiol 2018; 8:1313-1356. [PMID: 30215857 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c170052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The immune response to acute muscle damage is important for normal repair. However, in chronic diseases such as many muscular dystrophies, the immune response can amplify pathology and play a major role in determining disease severity. Muscular dystrophies are inheritable diseases that vary tremendously in severity, but share the progressive loss of muscle mass and function that can be debilitating and lethal. Mutations in diverse genes cause muscular dystrophy, including genes that encode proteins that maintain membrane strength, participate in membrane repair, or are components of the extracellular matrix or the nuclear envelope. In this article, we explore the hypothesis that an important feature of many muscular dystrophies is an immune response adapted to acute, infrequent muscle damage that is misapplied in the context of chronic injury. We discuss the involvement of the immune system in the most common muscular dystrophy, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, and show that the immune system influences muscle death and fibrosis as disease progresses. We then present information on immune cell function in other muscular dystrophies and show that for many muscular dystrophies, release of cytosolic proteins into the extracellular space may provide an initial signal, leading to an immune response that is typically dominated by macrophages, neutrophils, helper T-lymphocytes, and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes. Although those features are similar in many muscular dystrophies, each muscular dystrophy shows distinguishing features in the magnitude and type of inflammatory response. These differences indicate that there are disease-specific immunomodulatory molecules that determine response to muscle cell damage caused by diverse genetic mutations. © 2018 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 8:1313-1356, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- James G Tidball
- Molecular, Cellular & Integrative Physiology Program, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Steven S Welc
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Michelle Wehling-Henricks
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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