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Demirel C, Halavina K, Hamzaraj K, Klement J, El-Shaer M, Hemetsberger R, Winter MP, Koschatko S, Jantsch C, Andreas M, Loewe C, Kammerlander A, Hengstenberg C, Bartko PE. Low Bone Mineral Density on Computed Tomography: Association with Poor Survival after Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2698. [PMID: 38731227 PMCID: PMC11084390 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13092698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has evolved as first-line therapy for severe aortic valve stenosis (AS), with pre-procedural computed tomography (CT) providing critical anatomical information. While primarily used for anatomical planning, TAVR-CT also offers an opportunity to assess low bone mineral density (BMD), a known indicator of frailty. Despite this, the prognostic role of BMD in TAVR patients remains unknown. This study aimed to evaluate BMD on routine TAVR-CT and its impact on long-term survival. Methods: In this retrospective study, 770 consecutive TAVR patients (mean age 80.7 ± 6.7 years, 54.0% males) between November 2015 and March 2022 were included. BMD was measured from a single axial image at the thoracic vertebral level on unenhanced CT scans. Cox regression models assessed the impact of BMD on mortality, and Restricted Cubic Spline models identified potential mortality thresholds. Results: The mean BMD value, as measured on non-contrast CT, was 147.5 ± 5.4 Hounsfield units, demonstrating a noteworthy association with mortality (adjusted hazard ratio per 100 HU decrease: 1.27 [95%CI: 1.01-1.59], p = 0.041). Restricted cubic spline analysis indicated that BMD below 200 HU was linked to a substantial increase in mortality risk. Upon crude Cox regression analysis, every 100 HU decrease was associated with a 32% increase in risk for death (HR 1.32 [95%CI: 1.068-1.65)], p = 0.010). Conclusions: In conclusion, low BMD on TAVR-CT is independently associated with reduced survival, suggesting its potential as a tool for comprehensive frailty assessment and improved risk prediction in TAVR patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caglayan Demirel
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Clinical Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (C.D.); (K.H.); (K.H.); (J.K.); (M.E.-S.); (R.H.); (M.P.W.); (S.K.); (A.K.); (C.H.)
| | - Kseniya Halavina
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Clinical Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (C.D.); (K.H.); (K.H.); (J.K.); (M.E.-S.); (R.H.); (M.P.W.); (S.K.); (A.K.); (C.H.)
| | - Kevin Hamzaraj
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Clinical Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (C.D.); (K.H.); (K.H.); (J.K.); (M.E.-S.); (R.H.); (M.P.W.); (S.K.); (A.K.); (C.H.)
| | - Johanna Klement
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Clinical Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (C.D.); (K.H.); (K.H.); (J.K.); (M.E.-S.); (R.H.); (M.P.W.); (S.K.); (A.K.); (C.H.)
| | - Manar El-Shaer
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Clinical Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (C.D.); (K.H.); (K.H.); (J.K.); (M.E.-S.); (R.H.); (M.P.W.); (S.K.); (A.K.); (C.H.)
| | - Rayyan Hemetsberger
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Clinical Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (C.D.); (K.H.); (K.H.); (J.K.); (M.E.-S.); (R.H.); (M.P.W.); (S.K.); (A.K.); (C.H.)
| | - Max Paul Winter
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Clinical Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (C.D.); (K.H.); (K.H.); (J.K.); (M.E.-S.); (R.H.); (M.P.W.); (S.K.); (A.K.); (C.H.)
| | - Sophia Koschatko
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Clinical Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (C.D.); (K.H.); (K.H.); (J.K.); (M.E.-S.); (R.H.); (M.P.W.); (S.K.); (A.K.); (C.H.)
| | - Charlotte Jantsch
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Clinical Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (C.D.); (K.H.); (K.H.); (J.K.); (M.E.-S.); (R.H.); (M.P.W.); (S.K.); (A.K.); (C.H.)
| | - Martin Andreas
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Clinical Division of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Christian Loewe
- Department of Radiology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Andreas Kammerlander
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Clinical Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (C.D.); (K.H.); (K.H.); (J.K.); (M.E.-S.); (R.H.); (M.P.W.); (S.K.); (A.K.); (C.H.)
| | - Christian Hengstenberg
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Clinical Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (C.D.); (K.H.); (K.H.); (J.K.); (M.E.-S.); (R.H.); (M.P.W.); (S.K.); (A.K.); (C.H.)
| | - Philipp E. Bartko
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Clinical Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (C.D.); (K.H.); (K.H.); (J.K.); (M.E.-S.); (R.H.); (M.P.W.); (S.K.); (A.K.); (C.H.)
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Demirel C, Rothenbühler CF, Huber M, Schweizer M, Todorski I, Gloor DA, Windecker S, Lanz J, Stortecky S, Pilgrim T, Erdoes G. Total Muscle Area and Visceral Adipose Tissue Measurements for Frailty Assessment in TAVR Patients. J Clin Med 2024; 13:1322. [PMID: 38592183 PMCID: PMC10932166 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13051322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is a treatment option for severe aortic valve stenosis. Pre-TAVR assessments, extending beyond anatomy, include evaluating frailty. Potential frailty parameters in pre-TAVR computed tomography (CT) scans are not fully explored but could contribute to a comprehensive frailty assessment. The primary objective was to investigate the impact of total muscle area (TMA) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) as frailty parameters on 5-year all-cause mortality in patients undergoing TAVR. Methods: Between 01/2017 and 12/2018, consecutive TAVR patients undergoing CT scans enabling TMA and VAT measurements were included. Results: A total of 500 patients qualified for combined TMA and VAT analysis. Age was not associated with a higher risk of 5-year mortality (HR 1.02, 95% CI: 0.998-1.049; p = 0.069). Body surface area normalized TMA (nTMA) was significantly associated with 5-year, all-cause mortality (HR 0.927, 95% CI: 0.927-0.997; p = 0.033), while VAT had no effect (HR 1.002, 95% CI: 0.99-1.015; p = 0.7). The effect of nTMA on 5-year, all-cause mortality was gender dependent: the protective effect of higher nTMA was found in male patients (pinteraction: sex × nTMA = 0.007). Conclusions: Normalized total muscle area derived from a routine CT scan before transcatheter aortic valve replacement complements frailty assessment in patients undergoing TAVR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caglayan Demirel
- Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Markus Huber
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Inselspital, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Michelle Schweizer
- Department of Radiology, Inselspital, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Inga Todorski
- Department of Radiology, Inselspital, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Stephan Windecker
- Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jonas Lanz
- Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Stortecky
- Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Pilgrim
- Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Gabor Erdoes
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Inselspital, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
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Gooley R, Murdoch D, Ng MK, Modolo R, Allocco DJ. First results from the ACURATE Prime XL human feasibility study. CARDIOVASCULAR REVASCULARIZATION MEDICINE 2023; 57:1-5. [PMID: 37429793 DOI: 10.1016/j.carrev.2023.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE This prospective, open-label, single-arm study evaluated transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) in patients with severe aortic stenosis with ACURATE Prime XL, an iteration of the ACURATE neo2 device designed with improved radial force and adaptations for compatibility with a larger annulus diameter (≥ 26.5 mm and ≤ 29 mm based on pre-procedure diagnostic imaging). METHODS The composite primary device success endpoint was based on Valve Academic Research Consortium (VARC)-2 criteria. The primary safety endpoint was a composite of all-cause mortality and all stroke at 30 days. Aortic valve (AV) performance, including mean AV gradient, AV area, and grade of paravalvular leak (PVL), was assessed by an independent core laboratory. RESULTS 13 male patients were enrolled at 3 Australian centers (mean age: 83.1 years; 10 of 13 were considered high/extreme operative risk). 61.5 % of patients met the primary device success endpoint. At 30 days, no patients experienced death or stroke; one patient received a permanent pacemaker. Mean AV gradient improved from baseline (42.7 ± 11.0 mmHg) to discharge (7.7 ± 2.5 mmHg) and through 30 days (7.2 ± 2.3 mmHg). Mean AV area was 0.8 ± 0.1 cm2 at baseline, 1.9 ± 0.3 cm2 at discharge, and 1.7 ± 0.3 cm2 at 30 days. Per core-laboratory adjudication, no patient had moderate or severe PVL at 30 days; 91.7 % had no/trace PVL and 8.3 % had mild PVL. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this first-in-human feasibility study of the ACURATE Prime XL valve, there were no safety concerns, and no deaths or strokes within 30 days. Valve hemodynamics were favorable, and no patient had >mild PVL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Gooley
- Monash Heart, Monash Health, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Dale Murdoch
- The Prince Charles Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Martin K Ng
- Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
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Dowling C, Gooley R, McCormick L, Rashid HN, Dargan J, Khan F, Firoozi S, Brecker SJ. Patient-Specific Computer Simulation to Predict Conduction Disturbance With Current-Generation Self-Expanding Transcatheter Heart Valves. STRUCTURAL HEART : THE JOURNAL OF THE HEART TEAM 2022; 6:100010. [PMID: 37274548 PMCID: PMC10236875 DOI: 10.1016/j.shj.2022.100010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Patient-specific computer simulation may predict the development of conduction disturbance following transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Validation of the computer simulations with current-generation devices has not been undertaken. Methods A retrospective study was performed on patients who had undergone TAVR with a current-generation self-expanding transcatheter heart valve (THV). Preprocedural computed tomography imaging was used to create finite element models of the aortic root. Procedural contrast angiography was reviewed, and finite element analysis performed using a matching THV device size and implantation depth. A region of interest corresponding to the atrioventricular bundle and proximal left bundle branch was identified. The percentage of this area (contact pressure index [CPI]) and maximum contact pressure (CPMax) exerted by THV were recorded. Postprocedural electrocardiograms were reviewed, and major conduction disturbance was defined as the development of persistent left bundle branch block or high-degree atrioventricular block. Results A total of 80 patients were included in the study. THVs were 23- to 29-mm Evolut PRO (n = 53) and 34-mm Evolut R (n = 27). Major conduction disturbance occurred in 27 patients (33.8%). CPI (28.3 ± 15.8 vs. 15.6 ± 11.2%; p < 0.001) and CPMax (0.51 ± 0.20 vs. 0.36 ± 0.24 MPa; p = 0.008) were higher in patients who developed major conduction disturbance. CPI (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC], 0.74; 95% CI, 0.63-0.86; p < 0.001) and CPMax (AUC, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.57-0.81; p = 0.006) demonstrated a discriminatory power to predict the development of major conduction disturbance. Conclusions Patient-specific computer simulation may identify patients at risk for conduction disturbance after TAVR with current-generation self-expanding THVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron Dowling
- MonashHeart, Monash Health and Monash Cardiovascular Research Centre, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Robert Gooley
- MonashHeart, Monash Health and Monash Cardiovascular Research Centre, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Liam McCormick
- MonashHeart, Monash Health and Monash Cardiovascular Research Centre, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Hashrul N. Rashid
- MonashHeart, Monash Health and Monash Cardiovascular Research Centre, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - James Dargan
- Cardiovascular Clinical Academic Group, St. George’s, University of London and St. George’s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Faisal Khan
- Cardiovascular Clinical Academic Group, St. George’s, University of London and St. George’s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Sami Firoozi
- Cardiovascular Clinical Academic Group, St. George’s, University of London and St. George’s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Stephen J. Brecker
- Cardiovascular Clinical Academic Group, St. George’s, University of London and St. George’s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Dowling C, Gooley R, McCormick L, Brecker SJ, Firoozi S, Bapat VN, Kodali SK, Khalique OK, Brouwer J, Swaans MJ. Patient-Specific Computer Simulation to Optimize Transcatheter Heart Valve Sizing and Positioning in Bicuspid Aortic Valve. STRUCTURAL HEART 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/24748706.2021.1991604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Dowling C, Gooley R, McCormick L, Firoozi S, Brecker SJ. Patient-specific Computer Simulation: An Emerging Technology for Guiding the Transcatheter Treatment of Patients with Bicuspid Aortic Valve. Interv Cardiol 2021; 16:e26. [PMID: 34721665 PMCID: PMC8419845 DOI: 10.15420/icr.2021.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is increasingly being used to treat younger, lower-risk patients, many of whom have bicuspid aortic valve (BAV). As TAVI begins to enter these younger patient cohorts, it is critical that clinical outcomes from TAVI in BAV are matched to those achieved by surgery. Therefore, the identification of patients who, on an anatomical basis, may not be suitable for TAVI, would be desirable. Furthermore, clinical outcomes of TAVI in BAV might be improved through improved transcatheter heart valve sizing and positioning. One potential solution to these challenges is patient-specific computer simulation. This review presents the methodology and clinical evidence surrounding patient-specific computer simulation of TAVI in BAV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron Dowling
- MonashHeart, Monash Health and Monash Cardiovascular Research Centre, Monash UniversityMelbourne, Australia
| | - Robert Gooley
- MonashHeart, Monash Health and Monash Cardiovascular Research Centre, Monash UniversityMelbourne, Australia
| | - Liam McCormick
- MonashHeart, Monash Health and Monash Cardiovascular Research Centre, Monash UniversityMelbourne, Australia
| | - Sami Firoozi
- Cardiology Clinical Academic Group, St George’s, University of London and St George’s University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustLondon, UK
| | - Stephen J Brecker
- Cardiology Clinical Academic Group, St George’s, University of London and St George’s University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustLondon, UK
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Tarantini G, Giacoppo D. Transcatheter versus surgical aortic valve replacement in the digital era: Meta-analysis based on the reconstruction of time-to-event individual patient data. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2020; 96:167-168. [PMID: 32652837 DOI: 10.1002/ccd.29079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Clinical benefits of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) over surgery emerge soon after intervention and show durable, consistent trends within 1 year. TAVR by transfemoral access is associated with improved outcomes compared with TAVR by transthoracic access. Reconstructing time-to-event individual patient data is advantageous and allows higher flexibility in terms of meta-analysis design and modeling of data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Tarantini
- Department of Cardiac-Vascular-Thoracic Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Daniele Giacoppo
- Department of Cardiac-Vascular-Thoracic Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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