Msheik A, Saad F, Saad WA, Al Mokdad Z, Tarhini C, Bayram M. Navigating treatment options for sacral spine lymphoma: A medical journey.
Int J Surg Case Rep 2023;
107:108327. [PMID:
37210801 DOI:
10.1016/j.ijscr.2023.108327]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE
Early clinical presentations of spinal processes involving the epidural space are often vague and can mimic other spinal nerve impingements. Patients with NHLs frequently experience neurological problems due to metastatic spinal cord compression (MSCC).
CASE PRESENTATION
In this case report, we present a 66-year-old female patient who was diagnosed with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLCBL) of the sacral spine after a recurrence of cauda equine syndrome. The patient initially presented with back discomfort, radicular pain, and muscle weakness, which progressed to weakness in the lower extremities and bladder dysfunction over a few weeks. The patient was treated by surgical decompression and the biopsy result revealed a diagnosis of DLBCL. Further workup proved the tumor is primary and the patient as treated with radio- and chemotherapy.
CLINICAL DISCUSSION
The varied distribution of symptoms based on the spinal level of the lesion makes early clinical diagnosis of spinal NHL challenging. In this case, the patient's initial symptoms closely resembled intervertebral disc herniation or other spinal nerve impingements, which delayed the diagnosis of NHL. The abrupt onset and progression of neurological symptoms in the lower extremities and bladder dysfunction raised the suspicion of MSCC.
CONCLUSION
NHLs can present as metastatic spinal cord compression, which can cause neurological problems. Early clinical diagnosis of spinal NHLs is challenging due to the vague and varied presentations. A high index of suspicion for MSCC should be maintained in patients with NHLs who present with neurological symptoms.
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