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Mizuta Y, Sugimoto R, Okada H, Zhao C, Kobiro K, Nishiwaki N. Graft polymerization of methyl methacrylate on the surface of poly(ethylene‐co‐tetrafluoroethylene) using benzoyl peroxide as initiator. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.52415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Mizuta
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering Kochi University of Technology Kochi Japan
| | - Ryuichi Sugimoto
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering Kochi University of Technology Kochi Japan
| | - Hiromu Okada
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering Kochi University of Technology Kochi Japan
| | - Chao Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering Kochi University of Technology Kochi Japan
| | - Kazuya Kobiro
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering Kochi University of Technology Kochi Japan
| | - Nagatoshi Nishiwaki
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering Kochi University of Technology Kochi Japan
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Wehbi M, Mehdi A, Negrell C, David G, Alaaeddine A, Améduri B. Phosphorus-Containing Fluoropolymers: State of the Art and Applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:38-59. [PMID: 31801016 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b16228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Several strategies to synthesize fluorinated (co)polymers containing phosphorus groups and their applications are reviewed. First, original fluoromonomers bearing phosphorus atoms are supplied from relevant routes. They may possess fluorinated atoms linked to the ethylenic carbon atoms with different structures, such as F2C═CF- or H2C═C(CF3)- and a phosphonated ω-function adjacent to an aliphatic or aromatic linker, while other monomers display a difluoromethylene dialkylphosphonate end group such as -CF2-P(O)(OR)2. Then, fluorinated copolymers were obtained according to various pathways: (i) by radical homopolymerization of monomers containing both fluorine and phosphorus atoms, (ii) by direct radical copolymerization of fluoromonomers and phosphorus-based monomers, or (iii) by chemical modification of fluorinated copolymers with phosphorus-based reactants. Conventional radical and controlled (or reversible deactivation radical polymerization, RDRP) copolymerization have also been explored. As for the chemical change of halogenated polymers, either conventional organic reactions (e.g., Arbuzov reaction from a chlorine, iodine, or bromine atom) or radiation grafting with specific monomers led to graft copolymers composed of a fluorinated backbone and phosphonated grafts. This second part also details aliphatic and aromatic fluorophosphorous copolymers in which dialkylphosphonates or phosphonic acids are reported. Finally, since fluorine and phosphorus atoms bring complementary relevant properties (low refractive index and dielectric constants, chemical inertness, high electrochemical, soils, and heat resistances, electroattractivity from fluorine atoms and high acidity, complexation, anticorrosion, flame retardant, and biomedical properties from phosphorus ones), synergetic characteristics have been targeted. These properties allow such fluoro-phosphorus (co)polymers to be used as novel materials involved in various applications such as polymer exchange membranes for fuel cells, self-etching adhesives for dental materials, adhesion promoters, flame retardants, polymer blends, and anticorrosive coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Wehbi
- Ingénierie et Architectures Macromoléculaires Team, ICGM , Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM , F-34296 Montpellier , France
- Chimie Moléculaire et Organisation du Solide Team, ICGM , Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM , F-34296 Montpellier , France
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Products, Faculty of Sciences (1) and PRASE-EDST , Lebanese University , Hadath , Lebanon
| | - Ahmad Mehdi
- Chimie Moléculaire et Organisation du Solide Team, ICGM , Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM , F-34296 Montpellier , France
| | - Claire Negrell
- Ingénierie et Architectures Macromoléculaires Team, ICGM , Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM , F-34296 Montpellier , France
| | - Ghislain David
- Ingénierie et Architectures Macromoléculaires Team, ICGM , Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM , F-34296 Montpellier , France
| | - Ali Alaaeddine
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Products, Faculty of Sciences (1) and PRASE-EDST , Lebanese University , Hadath , Lebanon
| | - Bruno Améduri
- Ingénierie et Architectures Macromoléculaires Team, ICGM , Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM , F-34296 Montpellier , France
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Ionizing Radiation for Preparation and Functionalization of Membranes and Their Biomedical and Environmental Applications. MEMBRANES 2019; 9:membranes9120163. [PMID: 31816943 PMCID: PMC6950004 DOI: 10.3390/membranes9120163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The use of ionizing radiation processing technologies has proven to be one of the most versatile ways to prepare a wide range of membranes with specific tailored functionalities, thus enabling them to be used in a variety of industrial, environmental, and biological applications. The general principle of this clean and environmental friendly technique is the use of various types of commercially available high-energy radiation sources, like 60Co, X-ray, and electron beam to initiate energy-controlled processes of free-radical polymerization or copolymerization, leading to the production of functionalized, flexible, structured membranes or to the incorporation of functional groups within a matrix composed by a low-cost polymer film. The present manuscript describes the state of the art of using ionizing radiation for the preparation and functionalization of polymer-based membranes for biomedical and environmental applications.
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Polymer electrolyte membranes prepared by pre-irradiation induced graft copolymerization on ETFE for vanadium redox flow battery applications. J Memb Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2016.10.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Li X, Drache M, Gohs U, Beuermann S. Novel concept of polymer electrolyte membranes for high-temperature fuel cells based on ETFE grafted with neutral acrylic monomers. J Memb Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2015.07.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Nasef MM. Radiation-Grafted Membranes for Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells: Current Trends and Future Directions. Chem Rev 2014; 114:12278-329. [DOI: 10.1021/cr4005499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Mahmoud Nasef
- Advanced Materials
Research Group, Institute of Hydrogen Economy, and ‡Environmental
and Green Technology Department, Malaysia-Japan International Institute
of Technology (MJIIT), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), International
Campus, Jalan Semarak, 54100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Synthesis and characterization of a phosphonated graft copolyimide for direct methanol fuel cells application. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-013-0138-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Nasef MM, Shamsaei E, Saidi H, Ahmad A, Dahlan KZM. Preparation and characterization of phosphoric acid composite membrane by radiation induced grafting of 4-vinylpyridine onto poly(ethylene-co-tetrafluoroethylene) followed by phosphoric acid doping. J Appl Polym Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/app.38157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Labalme E, David G, Buvat P, Bigarre J, Boucheteau T. New hybrid membranes based on phosphonic acid functionalized silica particles for PEMFC. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.25895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Abu-Thabit NY, Ali SA, Javaid Zaidi S. New highly phosphonated polysulfone membranes for PEM fuel cells. J Memb Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2010.04.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Fei G, Kang SA, Ko BS, Lee YS, Chang Nho Y, Shin J. Influence of the radiation grafting conditions on the cross-sectional distribution of poly(vinylbenzyl chloride) grafted polymer onto poly(tetrafluoroethylene-co-hexafluoropropylene) films. J Appl Polym Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/app.32078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Fei G, Shin J, Kang SA, Ko BS, Kang PH, Lee YS, Nho YC. Preparation and characterization of a poly(vinylbenzyl sulfonic acid)-grafted FEP membrane. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.23762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Subianto S, Choudhury NR, Dutta NK. Palladium‐catalyzed phosphonation of SEBS block copolymer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.22862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Parvole J, Jannasch P. Polysulfones Grafted with Poly(vinylphosphonic acid) for Highly Proton Conducting Fuel Cell Membranes in the Hydrated and Nominally Dry State. Macromolecules 2008. [DOI: 10.1021/ma800042m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julien Parvole
- Department of Chemistry, Polymer & Materials Chemistry, Lund University, POB 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Patric Jannasch
- Department of Chemistry, Polymer & Materials Chemistry, Lund University, POB 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
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Schmidt C, Schmidt-Naake G. Phosphorsäuredotierte Protonenleiter auf Basis von aminierten Membranen aus ETFE-graft-poly-(glycidylmethacrylat)-Derivaten. CHEM-ING-TECH 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.200700138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Parvole J, Jannasch P. Poly(arylene ether sulfone)s with phosphonic acid and bis(phosphonic acid) on short alkyl side chains for proton-exchange membranes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1039/b811755a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Schmidt C, Schmidt-Naake G. Fe2+ Catalyzed Synthesis of Radiation Grafted Functional Membranes and Application in Fuel Cells and Ion Recovery. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/masy.200751321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Steininger H, Schuster M, Kreuer KD, Kaltbeitzel A, Bingöl B, Meyer WH, Schauff S, Brunklaus G, Maier J, Spiess HW. Intermediate temperature proton conductors for PEM fuel cells based on phosphonic acid as protogenic group: A progress report. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2007; 9:1764-73. [PMID: 17415487 DOI: 10.1039/b618686f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The melting behaviour and transport properties of straight chain alkanes mono- and difunctionalized with phosphonic acid groups have been investigated as a function of their length. The increase of melting temperature and decrease of proton conductivity with increasing chain length is suggested to be the consequence of an increasing ordering of the alkane segments which constrains the free aggregation of the phosphonic acid groups. However, the proton mobility is reduced to a greater extent than the proton diffusion coefficient indicating an increasing cooperativity of proton transport with increasing length of the alkane segment. The results clearly indicate that the "spacer concept", which had been proven successful in the optimization of the proton conductivity of heterocycle based systems, fails in the case of phosphonic acid functionalized polymers. Instead, a very high concentration of phosphonic acid functional groups forming "bulky" hydrogen bonded aggregates is suggested to be essential for obtaining very high proton conductivity. Aggregation is also suggested to reduce condensation reactions generally observed in phosphonic acid containing systems. On the basis of this understanding, the proton conductivities of poly(vinyl phosphonic acid) and poly(meta-phenylene phosphonic acid) are discussed. Though both polymers exhibit a substantial concentration of phosphonic acid groups, aggregation seems to be constrained to such an extent that intrinsic proton conductivity is limited to values below sigma = 10(-3) S cm(-1) at T = 150 degrees C. The results suggest that different immobilization concepts have to be developed in order to minimize the conductivity reduction compared to the very high intrinsic proton conductivity of neat phosphonic acid under quasi dry conditions. In the presence of high water activities, however, (as usually present in PEM fuel cells) the very high ion exchange capacities (IEC) possible for phosphonic acid functionalized ionomers (IEC >10 meq g(-1)) may allow for high proton conductivities in the intermediate temperature range (T approximately 120 -160 degrees C).
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Affiliation(s)
- H Steininger
- Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung, Heisenbergstrasse 1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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Lafitte B, Jannasch P. On the Prospects for Phosphonated Polymers as Proton-Exchange Fuel Cell Membranes. ADVANCES IN FUEL CELLS 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s1752-301x(07)80008-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Lafitte B, Jannasch P. Polysulfone ionomers functionalized with benzoyl(difluoromethylenephosphonic acid) side chains for proton-conducting fuel-cell membranes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.21755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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