1
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Brotons-Rufes A, Bahri-Laleh N, Poater A. H-Bonding leading to latent initiators for olefin metathesis polymerization. Faraday Discuss 2023; 244:252-268. [PMID: 37186245 DOI: 10.1039/d2fd00163b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Ruthenium-NHC based catalysts, with a chelated iminium ligand trans to the N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligand, that polymerize dicyclopentadiene (DCPD) at different temperatures are monitored using Density Functional Theory calculations to unveil the reaction mechanism, and subsequently how important are the geometrical and electronic features vs. the non-covalent interactions in between. The balance is very fragile and H-bonds are fundamental to explain the different behaviour of latent catalysts. This computational study aims to facilitate future studies of new generations of latent initiators for olefin metathesis polymerization, with the 3D and mainly the 2D Non-Covalent Interaction plots the characterization tool for H-bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artur Brotons-Rufes
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi, Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, c/Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Naeimeh Bahri-Laleh
- Polymerization Engineering Department, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute (IPPI), P.O. Box 14965/115, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Albert Poater
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi, Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, c/Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain.
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2
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Musso JV, Gebel P, Gramm V, Frey W, Buchmeiser MR. Tungsten Oxo and Tungsten Imido Alkylidene N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes for the Visible-Light-Induced Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization of Dicyclopentadiene. Macromolecules 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.3c00128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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3
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Elser I, Schowner R, Stöhr L, Herz K, Benedikter MJ, Sen S, Frey W, Wang D, Buchmeiser MR. Isomers of Molybdenum Imido Alkylidene N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes. Organometallics 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.2c00129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Iris Elser
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Roman Schowner
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Laura Stöhr
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Katharina Herz
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Mathis J. Benedikter
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Suman Sen
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Frey
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Dongren Wang
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Michael R. Buchmeiser
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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4
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Kawamoto Y, Elser I, Buchmeiser MR, Nomura K. Vanadium(V) Arylimido Alkylidene N-Heterocyclic Carbene Alkyl and Perhalophenoxy Alkylidenes for the Cis, Syndiospecific Ring Opening Metathesis Polymerization of Norbornene. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Kawamoto
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 minami Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0927, Japan
| | - Iris Elser
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Michael R. Buchmeiser
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- German Institutes of Textile and Fiber Research (DITF) Denkendorf, Körschtalstr. 26, D-73770 Denkendorf, Germany
| | - Kotohiro Nomura
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 minami Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0927, Japan
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5
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Sivanesan D, Seo B, Lim CS, Kim H, Kim HG. Intramolecular Hydrogen-Bond-Based Latent Initiator for Olefin Metathesis Polymerization. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dharmalingam Sivanesan
- Advanced Industrial Chemistry Research Center, Advanced Convergent Chemistry Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 45 Jonggaro, Ulsan 44412, Korea
| | - BongKuk Seo
- Advanced Industrial Chemistry Research Center, Advanced Convergent Chemistry Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 45 Jonggaro, Ulsan 44412, Korea
| | - Choong-Sun Lim
- Advanced Industrial Chemistry Research Center, Advanced Convergent Chemistry Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 45 Jonggaro, Ulsan 44412, Korea
| | - HyeJin Kim
- Advanced Industrial Chemistry Research Center, Advanced Convergent Chemistry Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 45 Jonggaro, Ulsan 44412, Korea
| | - Hyeon-Gook Kim
- Advanced Industrial Chemistry Research Center, Advanced Convergent Chemistry Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 45 Jonggaro, Ulsan 44412, Korea
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6
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Momin M, Musso JV, Frey W, Buchmeiser MR. Tuning the Latent Behavior of Molybdenum Imido Alkylidene N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes in Dicyclopentadiene Polymerization. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Michael R. Buchmeiser
- German Institutes of Textile and Fiber Research (DITF) Denkendorf, Körschtalstraße 26, D-73770 Denkendorf, Germany
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7
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Benedikter M, Musso J, Kesharwani MK, Sterz KL, Elser I, Ziegler F, Fischer F, Plietker B, Frey W, Kästner J, Winkler M, van Slageren J, Nowakowski M, Bauer M, Buchmeiser MR. Charge Distribution in Cationic Molybdenum Imido Alkylidene N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes: A Combined X-ray, XAS, XES, DFT, Mössbauer, and Catalysis Approach. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c03978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mathis Benedikter
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Janis Musso
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Manoj K. Kesharwani
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - K. Leonard Sterz
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Iris Elser
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Felix Ziegler
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Felix Fischer
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technical University of Dresden, Bergstrasse 66, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Bernd Plietker
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technical University of Dresden, Bergstrasse 66, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Frey
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Johannes Kästner
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Mario Winkler
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Joris van Slageren
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Michal Nowakowski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Paderborn, Warburger Str. 100, D-33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - Matthias Bauer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Paderborn, Warburger Str. 100, D-33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - Michael R. Buchmeiser
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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8
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Romain C, Bellemin-Laponnaz S, Dagorne S. Recent progress on NHC-stabilized early transition metal (group 3–7) complexes: Synthesis and applications. Coord Chem Rev 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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9
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Kesharwani MK, Elser I, Musso JV, Buchmeiser MR, Kästner J. Reaction Mechanism of Ring-Closing Metathesis with a Cationic Molybdenum Imido Alkylidene N-Heterocyclic Carbene Catalyst. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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10
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Benedikter MJ, Ziegler F, Groos J, Hauser PM, Schowner R, Buchmeiser MR. Group 6 metal alkylidene and alkylidyne N-heterocyclic carbene complexes for olefin and alkyne metathesis. Coord Chem Rev 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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11
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Zhou YN, Li JJ, Wu YY, Luo ZH. Role of External Field in Polymerization: Mechanism and Kinetics. Chem Rev 2020; 120:2950-3048. [PMID: 32083844 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The past decades have witnessed an increasing interest in developing advanced polymerization techniques subjected to external fields. Various physical modulations, such as temperature, light, electricity, magnetic field, ultrasound, and microwave irradiation, are noninvasive means, having superb but distinct abilities to regulate polymerizations in terms of process intensification and spatial and temporal controls. Gas as an emerging regulator plays a distinctive role in controlling polymerization and resembles a physical regulator in some cases. This review provides a systematic overview of seven types of external-field-regulated polymerizations, ranging from chain-growth to step-growth polymerization. A detailed account of the relevant mechanism and kinetics is provided to better understand the role of each external field in polymerization. In addition, given the crucial role of modeling and simulation in mechanisms and kinetics investigation, an overview of model construction and typical numerical methods used in this field as well as highlights of the interaction between experiment and simulation toward kinetics in the existing systems are given. At the end, limitations and future perspectives for this field are critically discussed. This state-of-the-art research progress not only provides the fundamental principles underlying external-field-regulated polymerizations but also stimulates new development of advanced polymerization methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Ning Zhou
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Jin Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Yang Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Zheng-Hong Luo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
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12
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Sivanesan D, Seo B, Lim CS, Choi D, Kim T, Kim HG. An additional potential donor-bearing alkylidene-containing latent NHC–ruthenium-based catalyst for olefin metathesis polymerization. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py01952a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Introduction of an additional donor, by tethering substituted pyridine, in the alkylidene ligand of a NHC-based ruthenium complex initiates latent olefin metathesis polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharmalingam Sivanesan
- Advanced Industrial Chemistry Research Center
- Advanced Convergent Chemistry Division
- Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT)
- Ulsan
- 44412 Korea
| | - Bongkuk Seo
- Advanced Industrial Chemistry Research Center
- Advanced Convergent Chemistry Division
- Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT)
- Ulsan
- 44412 Korea
| | - Choong-Sun Lim
- Advanced Industrial Chemistry Research Center
- Advanced Convergent Chemistry Division
- Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT)
- Ulsan
- 44412 Korea
| | - Dongchen Choi
- Advanced Industrial Chemistry Research Center
- Advanced Convergent Chemistry Division
- Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT)
- Ulsan
- 44412 Korea
| | - Taehee Kim
- Advanced Industrial Chemistry Research Center
- Advanced Convergent Chemistry Division
- Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT)
- Ulsan
- 44412 Korea
| | - Hyeon-Gook Kim
- Advanced Industrial Chemistry Research Center
- Advanced Convergent Chemistry Division
- Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT)
- Ulsan
- 44412 Korea
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13
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Schowner R, Elser I, Benedikter M, Momin M, Frey W, Schneck T, Stöhr L, Buchmeiser MR. Origin and Use of Hydroxyl Group Tolerance in Cationic Molybdenum Imido Alkylidene N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Catalysts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201913322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Roman Schowner
- Institut für PolymerchemieUniversität Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Iris Elser
- Institut für PolymerchemieUniversität Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Mathis Benedikter
- Institut für PolymerchemieUniversität Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Mohasin Momin
- Institut für PolymerchemieUniversität Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Wolfgang Frey
- Institut für Organische ChemieUniversität Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Tanja Schneck
- Institut für PolymerchemieUniversität Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Laura Stöhr
- Institut für PolymerchemieUniversität Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Michael R. Buchmeiser
- Institut für PolymerchemieUniversität Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
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14
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Schowner R, Elser I, Benedikter M, Momin M, Frey W, Schneck T, Stöhr L, Buchmeiser MR. Origin and Use of Hydroxyl Group Tolerance in Cationic Molybdenum Imido Alkylidene N-Heterocyclic Carbene Catalysts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 59:951-958. [PMID: 31774220 PMCID: PMC6972570 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201913322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The origin of hydroxyl group tolerance in neutral and especially cationic molybdenum imido alkylidene N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes has been investigated. A wide range of catalysts was prepared and tested. Most cationic complexes can be handled in air without difficulty and display an unprecedented stability towards water and alcohols. NHC complexes were successfully used with substrates containing the hydroxyl functionality in acyclic diene metathesis polymerization, homo‐, cross and ring‐opening cross metathesis reactions. The catalysts remain active even in 2‐PrOH and are applicable in ring‐opening metathesis polymerization and alkene homometathesis using alcohols as solvent. The use of weakly basic bidentate, hemilabile anionic ligands such as triflate or pentafluorobenzoate and weakly basic aromatic imido ligands in combination with a sterically demanding 1,3‐dimesitylimidazol‐2‐ylidene NHC ligand was found essential for reactive and yet robust catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Schowner
- Institut für Polymerchemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Iris Elser
- Institut für Polymerchemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Mathis Benedikter
- Institut für Polymerchemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Mohasin Momin
- Institut für Polymerchemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Frey
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Tanja Schneck
- Institut für Polymerchemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Laura Stöhr
- Institut für Polymerchemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Michael R Buchmeiser
- Institut für Polymerchemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
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15
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Herndon JW. The chemistry of the carbon-transition metal double and triple bond: Annual survey covering the year 2018. Coord Chem Rev 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2019.213051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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16
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Momin M, Nagy GM, Buchmeiser MR. Stereoselective Olefin Ring‐Opening Cross Metathesis Catalyzed by Molybdenum Imido Alkylidene
N
‐Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes. Adv Synth Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201900979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohasin Momin
- Institute of Polymer ChemistryUniversity of Stuttgart 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Gergely M. Nagy
- Institute of Polymer ChemistryUniversity of Stuttgart 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Michael R. Buchmeiser
- Institute of Polymer ChemistryUniversity of Stuttgart 70569 Stuttgart Germany
- Institute of Textile Chemistry and Chemical Fibers (ITCF) Denkendorf 73770 Denkendorf Germany
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17
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Probst P, Elser I, Schowner R, Benedikter MJ, Buchmeiser MR. Regio‐ and Stereospecific Cyclopolymerization of α,ω‐Diynes by Cationic Molybdenum Imido Alkylidene
N
‐Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes. Macromol Rapid Commun 2019; 41:e1900398. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201900398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Probst
- Chair of Macromolecular Compounds and Fiber ChemistryInstitute of Polymer ChemistryUniversity of Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Iris Elser
- Chair of Macromolecular Compounds and Fiber ChemistryInstitute of Polymer ChemistryUniversity of Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Roman Schowner
- Chair of Macromolecular Compounds and Fiber ChemistryInstitute of Polymer ChemistryUniversity of Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Mathis J. Benedikter
- Chair of Macromolecular Compounds and Fiber ChemistryInstitute of Polymer ChemistryUniversity of Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Michael R. Buchmeiser
- Chair of Macromolecular Compounds and Fiber ChemistryInstitute of Polymer ChemistryUniversity of Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
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18
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Benedikter MJ, Schowner R, Elser I, Werner P, Herz K, Stöhr L, Imbrich DA, Nagy GM, Wang D, Buchmeiser MR. Synthesis of trans-Isotactic Poly(norbornene)s through Living Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization Initiated by Group VI Imido Alkylidene N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b00422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mathis J. Benedikter
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Roman Schowner
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Iris Elser
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Philipp Werner
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Katharina Herz
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Laura Stöhr
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Dominik A. Imbrich
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Gergely M. Nagy
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Dongren Wang
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- German Institutes of Textile and Fiber Research (DITF) Denkendorf, Körschtalstr. 26, D-73770 Denkendorf, Germany
| | - Michael R. Buchmeiser
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- German Institutes of Textile and Fiber Research (DITF) Denkendorf, Körschtalstr. 26, D-73770 Denkendorf, Germany
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19
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Herz K, Podewitz M, Stöhr L, Wang D, Frey W, Liedl KR, Sen S, Buchmeiser MR. Mechanism of Olefin Metathesis with Neutral and Cationic Molybdenum Imido Alkylidene N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:8264-8276. [PMID: 31030510 PMCID: PMC6595435 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b02092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
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A series of neutral
molybdenum imido alkylidene N-heterocyclic carbene
(NHC) bistriflate and monotriflate monoalkoxide
complexes as well as cationic molybdenum imido alkylidene triflate
complexes have been subjected to NMR spectroscopic, X-ray crystallographic,
and reaction kinetic measurements in order to gain a comprehensive
understanding about the underlying mechanism in olefin metathesis
of this new type of catalysts. On the basis of experimental evidence
and on DFT calculations (BP86/def2-TZVP/D3/cosmo) for the entire mechanism,
olefinic substrates coordinate trans to the NHC of neutral 16-electron
complexes via an associative mechanism, followed by dissociation of
an anionic ligand (e.g., triflate) and formation of an intermediary
molybdacyclobutane trans to the NHC. Formation of a cationic complex
is crucial in order to become olefin metathesis active. Variations
in the NHC, the imido, the alkoxide, and the noncoordinating anion
revealed their influence on reactivity. The reaction of neutral 16-electron
complexes with 2-methoxystyrene is faster for catalysts bearing one
triflate and one fluorinated alkoxide than for catalysts bearing two
triflate ligands. This is also reflected by the Gibbs free energy
values for the transition states, ΔG‡303, which are significantly lower for catalysts bearing
only one triflate than for the corresponding bistriflate complexes.
Reaction of a solvent-stabilized cationic molybdenum imido alkylidene N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) monotriflate complex with 2-methoxystyrene
proceeded via an associative mechanism too. Reaction rates of both
solvent-free and solvent-stabilized cationic Mo imido alkylidene NHC
catalysts with 2-methoxystyrene are controlled by the cross-metathesis
step but not by adduct formation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maren Podewitz
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry , University of Innsbruck , Innrain 80-82 , A-6020 Innsbruck , Austria
| | | | | | | | - Klaus R Liedl
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry , University of Innsbruck , Innrain 80-82 , A-6020 Innsbruck , Austria
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