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Sechi B, Dessì A, Dallocchio R, Tsetskhladze N, Chankvetadze B, Pérez-Baeza M, Cossu S, Jibuti G, Mamane V, Peluso P. Unravelling dispersion forces in liquid-phase enantioseparation. Part I: Impact of ferrocenyl versus phenyl groups. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1278:341725. [PMID: 37709466 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Highly ordered chiral secondary structures as well as multiple (tunable) recognition sites are the keys to success of polysaccharide carbamate-based chiral selectors in enantioseparation science. Hydrogen bonds (HBs), dipole-dipole, and π-π interactions are classically considered the most frequent noncovalent interactions underlying enantioselective recognition with these chiral selectors. Very recently, halogen, chalcogen and π-hole bonds were also identified as interactions working in polysaccharide carbamate-based selectors to promote enantiomer distinction. On the contrary, the function of dispersion interactions in this field was not explored so far. RESULTS The enantioseparation of chiral ferrocenes featuring chiral axis or chiral plane as stereogenic elements was performed by comparing five polysaccharide carbamate-based chiral columns, with the aim to identify enantioseparation outcomes that could be reasonably determined by dispersion forces, making available a reliable experimental data set for future theoretical studies to confirm the heuristic hypothesis. The effects of mobile phase polarity and temperature on the enantioseparation were considered, and potential recognition sites on analytes and selectors were evaluated by electrostatic potential (V) analysis and molecular dynamics (MD). In this first part, the enantioseparation of 3,3'-dibromo-5,5'-bis-ferrocenylethynyl-4,4'-bipyridine bearing two ferrocenylethynyl units linked to an axially chiral core was performed and compared to that of the analyte featuring the same structural motif with two phenyl groups in place of the ferrocenyl moieties. The results of this study showed the superiority of the ferrocenyl compared to the phenyl group, as a structural element favouring enantiodifferentiation. SIGNIFICANCE AND NOVELTY Even if dispersion (London) forces have been envisaged acting in liquid-phase enantioseparations, focused studies to explore possible contributions of dispersion forces with polysaccharide carbamate-based selectors are practically missing. This study allowed us to collect experimental information that support the involvement of dispersion forces as contributors to liquid-phase enantioseparation, paving the way to a new picture in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Sechi
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare ICB-CNR, Sede Secondaria di Sassari, Traversa La Crucca 3, Regione Baldinca, Li Punti, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Alessandro Dessì
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare ICB-CNR, Sede Secondaria di Sassari, Traversa La Crucca 3, Regione Baldinca, Li Punti, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Roberto Dallocchio
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare ICB-CNR, Sede Secondaria di Sassari, Traversa La Crucca 3, Regione Baldinca, Li Punti, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Nutsa Tsetskhladze
- Institute of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Tbilisi State University, Chavchavadze Ave 3, 0179, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Bezhan Chankvetadze
- Institute of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Tbilisi State University, Chavchavadze Ave 3, 0179, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Mireia Pérez-Baeza
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Universitat de València, Burjassot, València, Spain
| | - Sergio Cossu
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi DSMN, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, Via Torino 155, I-30172, Mestre Venezia, Italy
| | - Giorgi Jibuti
- Institute of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Tbilisi State University, Chavchavadze Ave 3, 0179, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Victor Mamane
- Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, UMR, CNRS 7177, Equipe LASYROC, 1 Rue Blaise Pascal, 67008, Strasbourg Cedex, France.
| | - Paola Peluso
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare ICB-CNR, Sede Secondaria di Sassari, Traversa La Crucca 3, Regione Baldinca, Li Punti, 07100, Sassari, Italy.
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Peluso P, Mamane V. Ferrocene derivatives with planar chirality and their enantioseparation by liquid-phase techniques. Electrophoresis 2023; 44:158-189. [PMID: 35946562 PMCID: PMC10087518 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202200148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
In the last decade, planar chiral ferrocenes have attracted a growing interest in several fields, particularly in asymmetric catalysis, medicinal chemistry, chiroptical spectroscopy and electrochemistry. In this frame, the access to pure or enriched enantiomers of planar chiral ferrocenes has become essential, relying on the availability of efficient asymmetric synthesis procedures and enantioseparation methods. Despite this, in enantioseparation science, these metallocenes were not comprehensively explored, and very few systematic analytical studies were reported in this field so far. On the other hand, enantioselective high-performance liquid chromatography has been frequently used by organic and organometallic chemists in order to measure the enantiomeric purity of planar chiral ferrocenes prepared by asymmetric synthesis. On these bases, this review aims to provide the reader with a comprehensive overview on the enantioseparation of planar chiral ferrocenes by discussing liquid-phase enantioseparation methods developed over time, integrating this main topic with the most relevant aspects of ferrocene chemistry. Thus, the main structural features of ferrocenes and the methods to model this class of metallocenes will be briefly summarized. In addition, planar chiral ferrocenes of applicative interest as well as the limits of asymmetric synthesis for the preparation of some classes of planar chiral ferrocenes will also be discussed with the aim to orient analytical scientists towards 'hot topics' and issues which are still open for accessing enantiomers of ferrocenes featured by planar chirality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Peluso
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare ICB CNR, Sede secondaria di Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Victor Mamane
- Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, UMR 7177, CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
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Dallocchio R, Dessì A, Sechi B, Chankvetadze B, Jibuti G, Cossu S, Mamane V, Peluso P. Enantioseparation of planar chiral ferrocenes on cellulose-based chiral stationary phases: Benzoate versus carbamate pendant groups. Electrophoresis 2023; 44:203-216. [PMID: 36177685 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202200205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the enantioseparation of 14 planar chiral ferrocenes containing halogen atoms, and methyl, iodoethynyl, phenyl, and 2-naphthyl groups, as substituents, was explored with a cellulose tris(4-methylbenzoate) (CMB)-based chiral column under multimodal elution conditions. n-Hexane/2-propanol (2-PrOH) 95:5 v/v, pure methanol (MeOH), and MeOH/water 90:10 v/v were used as mobile phases (MPs). With CMB, baseline enantioseparations were achieved for nine analytes with separation factors (α) ranging from 1.24 to 1.77, whereas only three analytes could be enantioseparated with 1.14 ≤ α ≤ 1.51 on a cellulose tris(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate) (CDMPC)-based column, used as a reference for comparison, under the same elution conditions. Pendant group-dependent reversal of the enantiomer elution order was observed in several cases by changing CMB to CDMPC. The impact of analyte and chiral stationary phase (CSP) structure, and MP polarity on the enantioseparation, was evaluated. The two cellulose-based CSPs featured by different pendant groups were also compared in terms of thermodynamics. For this purpose, enthalpy (ΔΔH°), entropy (ΔΔS°) and free energy (ΔΔG°) differences, isoenantioselective temperatures (Tiso ), and enthalpy/entropy ratios (Q), associated with the enantioseparations, were derived from van 't Hoff plots by using n-hexane/2-PrOH 95:5 v/v and methanol/water 90:10 v/v as MPs. With the aim to disclose the functions of the different substituents in mechanisms and noncovalent interactions underlying analyte-selector complex formation at molecular level, electrostatic potential (V) analysis and molecular dynamics simulations were used as computational techniques. On this basis, enantioseparations and related mechanisms were investigated by integrating theoretical and experimental data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Dallocchio
- Enantioselective Chromatography and Molecular Recognition Unit, Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare (ICB) CNR, Sassari, Italy
| | - Alessandro Dessì
- Enantioselective Chromatography and Molecular Recognition Unit, Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare (ICB) CNR, Sassari, Italy
| | - Barbara Sechi
- Enantioselective Chromatography and Molecular Recognition Unit, Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare (ICB) CNR, Sassari, Italy
| | - Bezhan Chankvetadze
- Institute of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Giorgi Jibuti
- Institute of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Sergio Cossu
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, Mestre Venezia, Italy
| | - Victor Mamane
- Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, UMR 7177, CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Paola Peluso
- Enantioselective Chromatography and Molecular Recognition Unit, Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare (ICB) CNR, Sassari, Italy
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Bonin L, Morvan A, Coadou G, Furman C, Boulanger E, Ghinet A, Lipka E. Supercritical fluid chromatography for separation of chiral planar metallocenes. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1674:463115. [PMID: 35597198 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Unsymmetrically disubstituted metallocene derivatives, characterized as the first sandwich structure, have found interest in asymmetrical synthesis and in medicinal chemistry as well. Besides, they present a particular case of chirality. Twenty original and six commercially available molecules presenting either i) a planar chirality or ii) an asymmetrical carbon containing group or iii) being symmetrically substituted were analyzed in supercritical fluid chromatography on eleven polysaccharide-based chiral stationary phases with carbon dioxide containing 30% of methanol or 2-propanol as a co-solvent mobile phase. A basic additive, either diethylamine, triethylamine or n-butylamine was also required at 1% to the co-solvent for elution. While some of the tested chiral stationary phases provided enantioseparation for the racemates, chlorinated cellulosic phases proved to be both highly retentive and highly enantioselective towards these particular species with the highest rate of success compared to their non-chlorinated counterparts. For instance, the resolution value was equal to 14.1 for one ferrocene derivative in one-hour analysis time on cellulose tris(3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate) column with 30% 2-propanol/1% n-butylamine while a single peak was observed under the same conditions on cellulose tris(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate) column. Experimental parameters were arbitrarily set at 150 bar outlet pressure, 40 °C temperature and 3 mL/min flow-rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Bonin
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167 - Risk factors and molecular determinants of aging-related diseases, F-59000 Lille, France; JUNIA, Health & Environment, Laboratory of Sustainable Chemistry and Health, F-59000 Lille, France; Normandie Université, INSA de Rouen, CNRS, Laboratoire COBRA (UMR 6014 & FR 3038), F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Antoine Morvan
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167 - Risk factors and molecular determinants of aging-related diseases, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Gael Coadou
- Normandie Université, INSA de Rouen, CNRS, Laboratoire COBRA (UMR 6014 & FR 3038), F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Christophe Furman
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167 - Risk factors and molecular determinants of aging-related diseases, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Eric Boulanger
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167 - Risk factors and molecular determinants of aging-related diseases, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Alina Ghinet
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167 - Risk factors and molecular determinants of aging-related diseases, F-59000 Lille, France; JUNIA, Health & Environment, Laboratory of Sustainable Chemistry and Health, F-59000 Lille, France; Alexandru Ioan Cuza' University of Iasi, Faculty of Chemistry, Bd. Carol I nr. 11, 700506 Iasi, Romania
| | - Emmanuelle Lipka
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167 - Risk factors and molecular determinants of aging-related diseases, F-59000 Lille, France.
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Unravelling functions of halogen substituents in the enantioseparation of halogenated planar chiral ferrocenes on polysaccharide-based chiral stationary phases: experimental and electrostatic potential analyses. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1673:463097. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Dessì A, Sechi B, Dallocchio R, Chankvetadze B, Pérez‐Baeza M, Cossu S, Mamane V, Pale P, Peluso P. Comparative enantioseparation of planar chiral ferrocenes on polysaccharide‐based chiral stationary phases. Chirality 2022; 34:609-619. [DOI: 10.1002/chir.23417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Barbara Sechi
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare ICB CNR Sassari Italy
| | | | - Bezhan Chankvetadze
- Institute of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, School of Exact and Natural Sciences Tbilisi State University Tbilisi Georgia
| | - Mireia Pérez‐Baeza
- Departamento de Química Analítica Universitat de València València Spain
| | - Sergio Cossu
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi DSMN Università Ca' Foscari Venezia Venice Italy
| | - Victor Mamane
- Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, UMR CNRS 7177, Equipe LASYROC Strasbourg Cedex France
| | - Patrick Pale
- Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, UMR CNRS 7177, Equipe LASYROC Strasbourg Cedex France
| | - Paola Peluso
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare ICB CNR Sassari Italy
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Development and validation of a chiral liquid chromatography method for the determination of MP 3950 enantiomers, a high selective 5-HT 4 receptor agonist, in rat plasma and its application to stereoselective pharmacokinetic study. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2016; 1033-1034:49-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2016.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Revised: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Parejiya PB, Movaliya VR, Barot BS, Modi D, Shelat PK, Shukla A. QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION OF MILNACIPRAN HCL IN RABBIT PLASMA BY HPLC AND ITS APPLICATION TO PHARMACOKINETICS STUDY. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2012.734002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Punit B. Parejiya
- a K. B. Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research , Kadi Sarvavishwavidyalaya , Gandhinagar , India
| | - Vinit R. Movaliya
- a K. B. Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research , Kadi Sarvavishwavidyalaya , Gandhinagar , India
| | - Bhavesh S. Barot
- a K. B. Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research , Kadi Sarvavishwavidyalaya , Gandhinagar , India
| | - Darshana Modi
- a K. B. Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research , Kadi Sarvavishwavidyalaya , Gandhinagar , India
| | - Pragna K. Shelat
- a K. B. Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research , Kadi Sarvavishwavidyalaya , Gandhinagar , India
| | - Arunkumar Shukla
- a K. B. Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research , Kadi Sarvavishwavidyalaya , Gandhinagar , India
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Affiliation(s)
- Dieter Schaarschmidt
- Inorganic
Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Technische Universität Chemnitz, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Heinrich Lang
- Inorganic
Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Technische Universität Chemnitz, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany
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Peluso P, Mamane V, Aubert E, Cossu S. Optimization of the HPLC enantioseparation of 3,3′-dibromo-5,5′-disubstituted-4,4′-bipyridines using immobilized polysaccharide-based chiral stationary phases. J Sep Sci 2013; 36:2993-3003. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201300576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2013] [Revised: 06/24/2013] [Accepted: 06/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paola Peluso
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare ICB CNR - UOS di Sassari; Li Punti - Sassari Italy
| | - Victor Mamane
- Laboratoire SRSMC, UMR CNRS-UHP 7565; Université de Lorraine; Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy France
| | - Emmanuel Aubert
- Cristallographie, Résonance Magnétique et Modélisations (CRM ); UMR CNRS-UHP 7036, Université de Lorraine; Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy France
| | - Sergio Cossu
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi; Università Ca’ Foscari di Venezia; Venezia Italy
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Brondani PB, Dudek H, Reis JS, Fraaije MW, Andrade LH. Exploiting the enantioselectivity of Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenases via boron oxidation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2012.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Brondani PB, de Gonzalo G, Fraaije MW, Andrade LH. Selective Oxidations of Organoboron Compounds Catalyzed by Baeyer-Villiger Monooxygenases. Adv Synth Catal 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201100029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Chiral separations in normal phase liquid chromatography: Enantioselectivity of recently commercialized polysaccharide-based selectors. Part I: Enantioselectivity under generic screening conditions. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2011; 55:414-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2011.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2010] [Revised: 02/03/2011] [Accepted: 02/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Cirilli R, Alcaro S, Fioravanti R, Secci D, Fiore S, La Torre F, Ortuso F. Unusually high enantioselectivity in high-performance liquid chromatography using cellulose tris(4-methylbenzoate) as a chiral stationary phase. J Chromatogr A 2009; 1216:4673-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2008] [Revised: 03/30/2009] [Accepted: 04/03/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Preparation and chiral recognition of a novel chiral stationary phase for HPLC, based on mono(6A-N-1-(2-hydroxyl)-phenylethylimino-6A-deoxy)-β-cyclodextrin and covalently bonded silica gel. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2008.04.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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