1
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Ouyang Y, Qing FL. Photoredox Catalyzed Radical Fluoroalkylation with Non-Classical Fluorinated Reagents. J Org Chem 2024; 89:2815-2824. [PMID: 38385430 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
The emergence of photocatalysis has greatly advanced radical fluoroalkylation reactions. Central to this advancement is the introduction and refinement of radical reagents, which play a pivotal role in driving these reactions forward. Intriguingly, some of these reagents, previously not recognized for their radical properties, have emerged as key players in this area. In this Perspective, we provide an overview of four representative reagents pioneered by our laboratory, which have subsequently garnered extensive application in broader research contexts, including difluorocarbene precursors bromodifluoromethylphosphonium bromide, electrophilic sulfonylation reagent triflic anhydride, and nucleophilic trifluoromethylation reagent methyl fluorosulfonyldifluoroacetate (Chen's reagent). The integration of phosphonium reagents, triflic anhydride, and methyl fluorosulfonyldifluoroacetate into photocatalysis has enabled some unexpected reactivities and now notably expanded the capabilities in radical difluoromethylation, trifluoromethylation, and difluoroalkylation. Our discussion highlights how these atypical reagents have enriched the toolkit available for radical fluoroalkylations, offering insights that could inspire future research and application in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Nitrogen Chemistry and Advanced Materials, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Feng-Ling Qing
- Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Nitrogen Chemistry and Advanced Materials, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
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2
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Levin VV, Dilman AD. Visible-Light Promoted Radical Fluoroalkylation of O- and N-Substituted Alkenes. CHEM REC 2023; 23:e202300038. [PMID: 37017493 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202300038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
Interaction of enol ethers enol acetates, enamides and enamines with fluorinated reagents may be considered as a reliable method for the synthesis of organofluorine compounds. While classic nucleophile/electrophile substitution or addition mechanisms cannot be realized for coupling of these components, their intrinsic reactivities are revealed with the aid of photoredox catalysis. A combination of these electron donating and accepting components provides a perfect balance needed for individual redox steps, which in some cases may proceed even without a photocatalyst. The same electronic factors also support the key C,C-bond forming event involving addition of fluorinated radical at the electron rich double bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitalij V Levin
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, 119991, Moscow, Leninsky prosp. 47, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander D Dilman
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, 119991, Moscow, Leninsky prosp. 47, Russian Federation
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3
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Xu L, Liu X, Alvey GR, Shatskiy A, Liu JQ, Kärkäs MD, Wang XS. Silver-Catalyzed Controlled Intermolecular Cross-Coupling of Silyl Enol Ethers: Scalable Access to 1,4-Diketones. Org Lett 2022; 24:4513-4518. [PMID: 35713416 PMCID: PMC9536665 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c01477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
![]()
A protocol
for silver-catalyzed controlled intermolecular cross-coupling
of silyl enolates is disclosed. The protocol displays good functional
group tolerance and allows efficient preparation of a series of synthetically
useful 1,4-diketones. Preliminary mechanistic investigations suggest
that the reaction proceeds through a one-electron process involving
free radical species in which PhBr acts as the oxidant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthesis for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, China
| | - Xiaoyi Liu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthesis for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, China
| | - Gregory R Alvey
- Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andrey Shatskiy
- Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jian-Quan Liu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthesis for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, China.,Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Markus D Kärkäs
- Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Xiang-Shan Wang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthesis for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, China
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4
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Terlizzi L, Cola I, Raviola C, Fagnoni M, Protti S. Dyedauxiliary Group Strategy for the α-Functionalization of Ketones and Esters. ACS ORGANIC & INORGANIC AU 2021; 1:68-71. [PMID: 36855752 PMCID: PMC9954345 DOI: 10.1021/acsorginorgau.1c00020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of α-arylketones and α-arylazo esters has been achieved in mixed organic-aqueous media under photocatalyst- and metal-free conditions via visible light activation of arylazo sulfones in the presence of enol silyl ethers and ketene silyl acetals, respectively. The process took place efficiently and exhibits an excellent tolerance for a broad variety of functional groups.
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5
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Zhang Z, Li X, Shi D. Visible‐Light‐Promoted Oxy‐difluoroalkylation of Aryl Alkynes for the Synthesis of
β
‐Fluoroenones and
α
‐Difluoroalkyl Ketones. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202100289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Marine Biotechnology Research Center Shandong University 72 Binhai Road Qingdao 266237 Shandong People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangqian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Marine Biotechnology Research Center Shandong University 72 Binhai Road Qingdao 266237 Shandong People's Republic of China
| | - Dayong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Marine Biotechnology Research Center Shandong University 72 Binhai Road Qingdao 266237 Shandong People's Republic of China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology 168 Wenhai Road Qingdao 266237 Shandong People's Republic of China
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6
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Liu J, Wei Y, Shi M. Mechanistic Studies on Propargyl
Alcohol‐Tethered
Alkylidenecyclopropane with Aryldiazonium Salt Initiated by Visible Light. CHINESE J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202000469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Yin Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Min Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong 518000 China
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7
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Xie Q, Hu J. Chen's Reagent: A Versatile Reagent for Trifluoromethylation, Difluoromethylenation, and Difluoroalkylation in Organic Synthesis
†. CHINESE J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201900424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiqiang Xie
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Ling‐Ling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Jinbo Hu
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Ling‐Ling Road Shanghai 200032 China
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8
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Dong DQ, Yang H, Shi JL, Si WJ, Wang ZL, Xu XM. Promising reagents for difluoroalkylation. Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo00567c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This review describes recent advances in difluoroalkylation reactions using different substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dao-Qing Dong
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Qingdao Agricultural University
- Qingdao 266109
- China
| | - Huan Yang
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Qingdao Agricultural University
- Qingdao 266109
- China
| | - Jun-Lian Shi
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Qingdao Agricultural University
- Qingdao 266109
- China
| | - Wen-Jia Si
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Qingdao Agricultural University
- Qingdao 266109
- China
| | - Zu-Li Wang
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Qingdao Agricultural University
- Qingdao 266109
- China
| | - Xin-Ming Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Yantai University
- Yantai 264005
- China
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9
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Ma X, Huang H, Su J, Song Z, Nakano T, Song Q. Synthesis of CF
2
H‐Containing Oxime Ethers Derivatives from ClCF
2
H,
tert
‐Butyl Nitrile and Indoles. CHINESE J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201900401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xingxing Ma
- Institute of Next Generation Matter Transformation, College of Materials Science & EngineeringHuaqiao University, 668 Jimei Blvd Xiamen Fujian 361021 China
| | - Hua Huang
- Institute of Next Generation Matter Transformation, College of Materials Science & EngineeringHuaqiao University, 668 Jimei Blvd Xiamen Fujian 361021 China
| | - Jianke Su
- Institute of Next Generation Matter Transformation, College of Materials Science & EngineeringHuaqiao University, 668 Jimei Blvd Xiamen Fujian 361021 China
| | - Zhiyi Song
- Institute for Catalysis (ICAT), Hokkaido University, N 21, W 10, Kita‐ku Sapporo 001‐0021 Japan
| | - Tamaki Nakano
- Institute for Catalysis (ICAT), Hokkaido University, N 21, W 10, Kita‐ku Sapporo 001‐0021 Japan
| | - Qiuling Song
- Institute of Next Generation Matter Transformation, College of Materials Science & EngineeringHuaqiao University, 668 Jimei Blvd Xiamen Fujian 361021 China
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function DiscoveryFujian Province University, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University Fuzhou Fujian 350108 China
- State Key Laboratroy of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200032 China
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10
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Goliszewska K, Rybicka-Jasińska K, Szurmak J, Gryko D. Visible-Light-Mediated Amination of π-Nucleophiles with N-Aminopyridinium Salts. J Org Chem 2019; 84:15834-15844. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b02073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Goliszewska
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Jakub Szurmak
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dorota Gryko
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
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11
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Li Y, Jin G, An Y, Das R, Han Y. Metal‐Carbene‐Templated Photochemistry in Solution: A Universal Route towards Cyclobutane Derivatives. CHINESE J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201900348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University Xi'an Shaanxi 710127 China
| | - Guang‐Feng Jin
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University Xi'an Shaanxi 710127 China
| | - Yuan‐Yuan An
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University Xi'an Shaanxi 710127 China
| | - Rajorshi Das
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University Xi'an Shaanxi 710127 China
| | - Ying‐Feng Han
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University Xi'an Shaanxi 710127 China
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12
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Li L, Ma Y, Tang M, Guo J, Yang Z, Yan Y, Ma X, Tang L. Photoredox‐Catalyzed Oxydifluoroalkylation of Styrenes for Access to Difluorinated Ketones with DMSO as an Oxidant. Adv Synth Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201900521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lixin Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXinyang Normal University Xinyang 464000 People's Republic of China
| | - Yan‐Na Ma
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHenan Normal University Xinxiang 453000 People's Republic of China
| | - Mi Tang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXinyang Normal University Xinyang 464000 People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Guo
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXinyang Normal University Xinyang 464000 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXinyang Normal University Xinyang 464000 People's Republic of China
| | - Yizhe Yan
- School of Food and Biological EngineeringZhengzhou University of Light Industry Zhengzhou 450000 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiantao Ma
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXinyang Normal University Xinyang 464000 People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Tang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXinyang Normal University Xinyang 464000 People's Republic of China
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13
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Ruthenium(II)-cored supramolecular organic framework-mediated recyclable visible light photoreduction of azides to amines and cascade formation of lactams. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2019.03.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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14
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Xia ZH, Gao ZH, Dai L, Ye S. Visible-Light-Promoted Oxo-difluoroalkylation of Alkenes with DMSO as the Oxidant. J Org Chem 2019; 84:7388-7394. [PMID: 31083945 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b01077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Visible-light-promoted oxo-difluoroalkylation (acetylation and acetamidation) of alkenes with dimethyl sulfoxide as both the solvent and the oxidant was developed, affording the corresponding α,α-difluoro-γ-ketoacetates and acetamides in modest yields. Both terminal and internal alkenes worked well for the reaction. This reaction features simple starting materials, a green oxidant, mild reaction conditions, and highly functional products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Hao Xia
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Functional, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Science , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
| | - Zhong-Hua Gao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Functional, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China
| | - Lei Dai
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Functional, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Science , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
| | - Song Ye
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Functional, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Science , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
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15
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Luo X, Fan Z, Zhang B, Chen C, Xi C. Visible-light-triggered direct keto-difluoroacetylation of styrenes with (fluorosulfonyl)difluoroacetate and dimethyl sulfoxide leads to α-difluoroacetylated ketones. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:10980-10983. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc06037e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Photoredox-catalyzed direct keto-difluoroacetylation of styrenes with methyl (fluorosulfonyl)difluoroacetate and dimethyl sulfoxide to deliver various α-difluoroacetylated ketones are disclosed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuewei Luo
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology
- Department of Chemistry
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
| | - Zhengning Fan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology
- Department of Chemistry
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
| | - Bo Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology
- Department of Chemistry
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
| | - Chao Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology
- Department of Chemistry
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
| | - Chanjuan Xi
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology
- Department of Chemistry
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
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