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Nicolau JC, Feitosa Filho GS, Petriz JL, Furtado RHDM, Précoma DB, Lemke W, Lopes RD, Timerman A, Marin Neto JA, Bezerra Neto L, Gomes BFDO, Santos ECL, Piegas LS, Soeiro ADM, Negri AJDA, Franci A, Markman Filho B, Baccaro BM, Montenegro CEL, Rochitte CE, Barbosa CJDG, Virgens CMBD, Stefanini E, Manenti ERF, Lima FG, Monteiro Júnior FDC, Correa Filho H, Pena HPM, Pinto IMF, Falcão JLDAA, Sena JP, Peixoto JM, Souza JAD, Silva LSD, Maia LN, Ohe LN, Baracioli LM, Dallan LADO, Dallan LAP, Mattos LAPE, Bodanese LC, Ritt LEF, Canesin MF, Rivas MBDS, Franken M, Magalhães MJG, Oliveira Júnior MTD, Filgueiras Filho NM, Dutra OP, Coelho OR, Leães PE, Rossi PRF, Soares PR, Lemos Neto PA, Farsky PS, Cavalcanti RRC, Alves RJ, Kalil RAK, Esporcatte R, Marino RL, Giraldez RRCV, Meneghelo RS, Lima RDSL, Ramos RF, Falcão SNDRS, Dalçóquio TF, Lemke VDMG, Chalela WA, Mathias Júnior W. Brazilian Society of Cardiology Guidelines on Unstable Angina and Acute Myocardial Infarction without ST-Segment Elevation - 2021. Arq Bras Cardiol 2021; 117:181-264. [PMID: 34320090 PMCID: PMC8294740 DOI: 10.36660/abc.20210180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- José Carlos Nicolau
- Instituto do Coração (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | - Gilson Soares Feitosa Filho
- Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública, Salvador, BA - Brasil
- Centro Universitário de Tecnologia e Ciência (UniFTC), Salvador, BA - Brasil
| | - João Luiz Petriz
- Hospital Barra D'Or, Rede D'Or São Luiz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ - Brasil
| | | | | | - Walmor Lemke
- Clínica Cardiocare, Curitiba, PR - Brasil
- Hospital das Nações, Curitiba, PR - Brasil
| | | | - Ari Timerman
- Instituto Dante Pazzanese de Cardiologia, São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | - José A Marin Neto
- Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP - Brasil
| | | | - Bruno Ferraz de Oliveira Gomes
- Hospital Barra D'Or, Rede D'Or São Luiz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ - Brasil
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ - Brasil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Carlos Eduardo Rochitte
- Hospital do Coração (HCor), São Paulo, SP - Brasil
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | | | | | - Edson Stefanini
- Escola Paulista de Medicina da Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | | | - Felipe Gallego Lima
- Instituto do Coração (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - José Maria Peixoto
- Universidade José do Rosário Vellano (UNIFENAS), Belo Horizonte, MG - Brasil
| | - Juliana Ascenção de Souza
- Instituto do Coração (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | | | - Lilia Nigro Maia
- Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP), São José do Rio Preto, SP - Brasil
| | | | - Luciano Moreira Baracioli
- Instituto do Coração (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | - Luís Alberto de Oliveira Dallan
- Instituto do Coração (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | - Luis Augusto Palma Dallan
- Instituto do Coração (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | | | - Luiz Carlos Bodanese
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUC-RS), Porto Alegre, RS - Brasil
| | | | | | - Marcelo Bueno da Silva Rivas
- Rede D'Or São Luiz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ - Brasil
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ - Brasil
| | | | | | - Múcio Tavares de Oliveira Júnior
- Instituto do Coração (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | - Nivaldo Menezes Filgueiras Filho
- Universidade do Estado da Bahia (UNEB), Salvador, BA - Brasil
- Universidade Salvador (UNIFACS), Salvador, BA - Brasil
- Hospital EMEC, Salvador, BA - Brasil
| | - Oscar Pereira Dutra
- Instituto de Cardiologia - Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS - Brasil
| | - Otávio Rizzi Coelho
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP - Brasil
| | | | | | - Paulo Rogério Soares
- Instituto do Coração (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Roberto Esporcatte
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ - Brasil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Talia Falcão Dalçóquio
- Instituto do Coração (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | | | - William Azem Chalela
- Instituto do Coração (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | - Wilson Mathias Júnior
- Instituto do Coração (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), São Paulo, SP - Brasil
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Yoon YE, Kitagawa K, Kato S, Nakajima H, Kurita T, Dohi K, Ito M, Sakuma H. Prognostic value of unrecognised myocardial infarction detected by late gadolinium-enhanced MRI in diabetic patients with normal global and regional left ventricular systolic function. Eur Radiol 2013; 23:2101-8. [PMID: 23553584 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-013-2817-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2012] [Revised: 01/31/2013] [Accepted: 02/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine whether the detection of unrecognised myocardial infarction (MI) using late gadolinium-enhanced (LGE)-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can provide prognostic information in diabetic patients with normal ECG as well as normal global and regional left ventricular (LV) function. METHODS From 449 diabetic patients who had complete cine- and LGE-MRI, 321 patients with histories of CAD, ischaemic ECG changes and abnormal cine MRI findings (LV ejection fraction <50 % or presence of regional wall motion abnormality) were excluded. The presence and extent of LGE were determined in the remaining 128 patients. Follow-up information was obtained for the occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) defined as cardiac death, acute MI, heart failure, unstable angina and significant ventricular arrhythmias in 120 patients. RESULTS Of 120 patients, 18 (15 %) had LGE. During follow-up (median, 27 months), six patients with LGE (33.3 %) and four patients without LGE (3.9 %) experienced MACE, resulting in an annualised event rate of 7.7 % and 0.9 %, respectively (log-rank P <0.001). The presence of LGE was associated with an eight-fold increased hazard for MACE (HR, 8.84; P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS LGE-MRI can detect unrecognised MI and may improve the risk stratification of diabetic patients with no CAD history, normal ECG and normal LV systolic function. KEY POINTS • Late gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (LGE-MRI) can identify subtle myocardial abnormalities. • LGE-MRI can detect myocardial infarction missed by ECG and cine-MRI. • Unrecognised MI detected by LGE-MRI was associated with adverse cardiac events. • LGE-MRI helps clinicians to assess diabetic patients with unrecognised MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeonyee E Yoon
- Department of Radiology, Mie University Hospital, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan
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Yan RT, Bluemke D, Gomes A, Burke G, Shea S, Liu K, Bahrami H, Sinha S, Wu C, Fernandes V, McClelland R, Lima JAC. Regional left ventricular myocardial dysfunction as a predictor of incident cardiovascular events MESA (multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis). J Am Coll Cardiol 2011; 57:1735-44. [PMID: 21511109 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2010.10.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2010] [Revised: 10/05/2010] [Accepted: 10/19/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We sought to examine the prognostic value of subclinical left ventricular (LV) regional myocardial dysfunction (RMD) measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) among asymptomatic individuals. BACKGROUND LV RMD, defined as segmental impairment in systolic wall thickening, predicts adverse events in patients with established cardiovascular disease. MRI is highly accurate for detecting subtle RMD, of which the prognostic significance in a large multiethnic asymptomatic population is not known. METHODS We used MRI to evaluate baseline regional LV myocardial function and prospectively followed a multiethnic (African American, Caucasian, Chinese, and Hispanic) population-based sample of 4,510 men and women without cardiovascular disease for a mean of 4.6 years. Regional myocardial dysfunction was defined as the presence of impaired systolic wall thickening (<10th percentile of segment-specific population distribution) in ≥2 contiguous LV segments within any given coronary artery territory. RESULTS Baseline prevalence of RMD was 25.6%. Heart failure developed in 34 (1.0%) and 30 (2.6%) participants without and with RMD, respectively (p < 0.001). After adjustment for demographics and traditional risk factors, RMD remained independently associated with incident heart failure (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.62; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.56 to 4.39; p < 0.001). The relationship persisted after further adjustment for biomarkers of reported association with cardiovascular disease and indexes of global LV systolic dysfunction and hypertrophy (HR: 1.80; 95% CI: 1.02 to 3.20; p = 0.044). Similarly, RMD independently conferred an increased risk for hard coronary events (myocardial infarction or death from coronary heart disease; HR: 1.75; 95% CI: 1.06 to 2.89; p = 0.029), the composite of hard coronary events and stroke (HR: 1.72; 95% CI: 1.16 to 2.56; p = 0.005), and all atherosclerotic cardiovascular events (HR: 1.50; 95% CI: 1.09 to 2.07; p = 0.012). CONCLUSIONS Among an asymptomatic multiethnic American cohort, RMD is an independent predictor beyond traditional risk factors and global LV assessment for incident heart failure and atherosclerotic cardiovascular events. The clinical utility of early recognition of this subclinical phenotype deserves further investigation. (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis [MESA]; NCT00005487).
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond T Yan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21287-0409, USA
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Cicala S, de Simone G, Roman MJ, Best LG, Lee ET, Wang W, Welty TK, Galloway JM, Howard BV, Devereux RB. Prevalence and Prognostic Significance of Wall-Motion Abnormalities in Adults Without Clinically Recognized Cardiovascular Disease. Circulation 2007; 116:143-50. [PMID: 17576870 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.106.652149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background—
Left ventricular wall motion (WM) abnormalities have recognized prognostic significance in patients with coronary or other heart diseases; however, whether abnormal WM predicts adverse events in adults without overt cardiovascular disease has not been assessed. Our objective was to determine whether echocardiographic WM abnormalities predict subsequent cardiovascular events in a population-based sample.
Methods and Results—
Participants (n=2864, mean age 60±8 years, 64% women) without clinically evident cardiovascular disease in the second Strong Heart Study examination who had complete echocardiographic WM assessment were studied. Echocardiographic assessment revealed that 5% of participants (n=140) had focal hypokinesia, and 1.5% (n=42) had WM abnormalities. Relationships between WM abnormalities and fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular events (including myocardial infarction, stroke, coronary artery disease, and heart failure; n=554) and cardiovascular death (n=182) during 8±2 years follow-up were examined. In Cox regression, after adjustment for age, gender, waist/hip ratio, systolic blood pressure, and diabetes mellitus, segmental WM abnormalities were associated with a 2.5-fold higher risk of cardiovascular events and a 2.6-fold higher risk of cardiovascular death (both
P
<0.0001). In similar multivariable models, global WM abnormalities were associated with a 2.4-fold higher risk of cardiovascular events (
P
=0.001) and a 3.4-fold higher risk of cardiovascular death (
P
=0.003).
Conclusions—
Echocardiographic left ventricular WM abnormalities in adults without overt cardiovascular disease are associated with 2.4- to 3.4-fold higher risks of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, independent of established risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvana Cicala
- Greenberg Division of Cardiology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, 525 E 68th St, New York, NY 10021, USA
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