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Wang J, Shahed-Ai-Mahmud M, Chen A, Li K, Tan H, Joyce R. An Overview of Antivirals against Monkeypox Virus and Other Orthopoxviruses. J Med Chem 2023; 66:4468-4490. [PMID: 36961984 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
The current monkeypox outbreaks during the COVID-19 pandemic have reignited interest in orthopoxvirus antivirals. Monkeypox belongs to the Orthopoxvirus genus of the Poxviridae family, which also includes the variola virus, vaccinia virus, and cowpox virus. Two orally bioavailable drugs, tecovirimat and brincidofovir, have been approved for treating smallpox infections. Given their human safety profiles and in vivo antiviral efficacy in animal models, both drugs have also been recommended to treat monkeypox infection. To facilitate the development of additional orthopoxvirus antivirals, we summarize the antiviral activity, mechanism of action, and mechanism of resistance of orthopoxvirus antivirals. This perspective covers both direct-acting and host-targeting antivirals with an emphasis on drug candidates showing in vivo antiviral efficacy in animal models. We hope to speed the orthopoxvirus antiviral drug discovery by providing medicinal chemists with insights into prioritizing proper drug targets and hits for further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Md Shahed-Ai-Mahmud
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Angelo Chen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Kan Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Haozhou Tan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Ryan Joyce
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
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2
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Tang H, Zhang A. Human mpox: Biology, epidemiology, therapeutic options, and development of small molecule inhibitors. Med Res Rev 2023. [PMID: 36891882 DOI: 10.1002/med.21943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
Although monkeypox (mpox) has been endemic in Western and Central Africa for 50 years, it has not received sufficient prophylactic and therapeutical attention to avoid evolving into an epidemic. From January 2022 to January 2023, more than 84,000 of mpox cases were reported from 110 countries worldwide. Case numbers appear to be rising every day, making mpox an increasing global public health threat for the foreseeable future. In this perspective, we review the known biology and epidemiology of mpox virus, together with the latest therapeutic options available for mpox treatment. Further, small molecule inhibitors against mpox virus and the future directions in this field are discussed as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hairong Tang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Drug Target Identification and Delivery, and the Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Antibody of the Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ao Zhang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Drug Target Identification and Delivery, and the Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Antibody of the Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Lingang Laboratory, Shanghai, China
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Bhagat KK, Biswas JP, Dutta S, Maiti D. Catalytic C−H Activation
via
Four‐Membered Metallacycle Intermediate. Helv Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.202100192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kanhaiya Kumar Bhagat
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Jyoti Prasad Biswas
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Subhabrata Dutta
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Debabrata Maiti
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai Mumbai 400076 India
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Menchikov LG, Shulishov EV, Tomilov YV. Recent advances in the catalytic cyclopropanation of unsaturated compounds with diazomethane. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2021. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr4982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The main achievements and development trends of the past 10–15 years related to the catalytic cyclopropanation of unsaturated compounds with diazomethane are integrated and analyzed. The attention is focused on the most efficient catalysts based on palladium compounds. Data on the effects of substrate structure and nature of catalyst components on the regio- and stereoselectivity of these reactions are systematized. Characteristic features of safe methods for diazomethane generation are considered, including the use of membrane technologies and continuous-flow and in situ preparation methods, which have prospects for industrial application.
The bibliography includes 281 references.
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Synthesis and Antiviral Activity of Polycyclic N-Amidoimides Based on 4-Oxatetracyclo-[5.3.2.02, 6.08, 10]Dodec-11-Ene-3,5-Dione. Pharm Chem J 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11094-019-1907-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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7
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Klimochkin YN, Shiryaev VA, Leonova MV. Antiviral properties of cage compounds. New prospects. Russ Chem Bull 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-015-1035-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Johnstone MD, Schwarze EK, Clever GH, Pfeffer FM. Modular synthesis of linear bis- and tris-monodentate fused [6]polynorbornane-based ligands and their assembly into coordination cages. Chemistry 2015; 21:3948-55. [PMID: 25581775 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201405037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
A modular approach has been developed for the synthesis of rigid linear di- and tritopic ligands based on a fused [6]polynorbornane scaffold. The design provides up to three sites for installing functionality, including both "ends" and a "central" position with the advantage that each region can be independently addressed during synthesis. To illustrate the utility of the approach, both pyridyl and picolyl units were incorporated to provide six new ligands, with centers and ends either matched or mismatched. Indeed, both [M2L4] cages with endohedral functionality and [M3L4] complexes were cleanly produced from these ligands with assembled structures confirmed by using (1)H NMR spectroscopy, HRMS, and molecular modelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark D Johnstone
- Research Centre for Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3217 (Australia) http://www.deakin.edu.au/profiles/fred-pfeffer
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Mao J, Bao W. Palladium(0)-Catalyzed Methylenecyclopropanation of Norbornenes with Vinyl Bromides. Org Lett 2014; 16:2646-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ol500829t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiangang Mao
- Department
of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- School
of Metallurgy and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Weiliang Bao
- Department
of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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Mao J, Zhang SQ, Shi BF, Bao W. Palladium(0)-catalyzed cyclopropanation of benzyl bromides via C(sp3)–H bond activation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:3692-4. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc49231a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A novel Pd(0)-catalyzed domino cyclopropanation reaction was established. The process involves a Heck-type coupling reaction and a C(sp3)–H activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangang Mao
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou, China
- School of Metallurgy and Chemical Engineering
- Jiangxi University of Science and Technology
| | | | - Bing-Feng Shi
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou, China
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Weiliang Bao
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou, China
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Camps P, Gómez T, Monasterolo C. An Entry to Functionalized 2,8-Ethanonoradamantane Derivatives. J Org Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/jo302398c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pelayo Camps
- Laboratori de Química Farmacèutica (Unitat
Associada al CSIC), Facultat de Farmàcia and Institut de Biomedicina
(IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal
643, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tània Gómez
- Laboratori de Química Farmacèutica (Unitat
Associada al CSIC), Facultat de Farmàcia and Institut de Biomedicina
(IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal
643, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Claudio Monasterolo
- Laboratori de Química Farmacèutica (Unitat
Associada al CSIC), Facultat de Farmàcia and Institut de Biomedicina
(IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal
643, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
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