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Luo LL, Xi M, Yang YD, Li QQ, Zhao L, Zhang P, Liu SL, Liu MZ. Comparative Outcomes of Induction Chemotherapy Followed By Definitive Chemoradiotherapy versus Chemoradiotherapy Alone In Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. J Cancer 2017; 8:3441-3447. [PMID: 29151927 PMCID: PMC5687157 DOI: 10.7150/jca.21131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To compare the clinical outcomes of induction chemotherapy (IC) followed by chemoradiotherapy (CRT) versus chemoradiotherapy alone in patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Patients and methods: Between 2002 and 2015, 267 ESCC patients who received definitive CRT with docetaxel and cisplatin were enrolled in this study. Through a matched case-control study, 85 patients receiving IC before CRT were matched 1:1 to patients who received CRT alone, according to age, gender, performance status, tumor location, tumor length, and pretreatment TNM stage. Results: The median overall survival (OS) in the IC group was significantly better than that in the CRT group (26.0 vs. 22.0 months), with 3-year OS rates of 30.6% vs. 25.9%, respectively (P = 0.028). However, IC plus CRT was associated with a significantly higher rate of grade 3-4 leukopenia than CRT alone (P = 0.048). The overall clinical response rate was 50.6% after IC in the IC group. The IC responder group showed significantly more favorable OS (P=0.002) and progression-free survival (P=0.001) compared with the IC non-responder group and the CRT group. Multivariate analysis revealed that age ≥ 60 (P = 0.003) and the addition of IC (P=0.016) were independent prognostic factors that affected survival positively. Conclusions: The addition of IC before CRT yielded satisfactory clinical outcomes and manageable toxicities. The combination of IC with CRT might be a promising treatment strategy to further improve systemic control and survival in ESCC. Prospective randomized trials are required to confirm the role of IC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ling Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute;Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mian Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute;Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ya-Di Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute;Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Imaging Diagnosis and Interventional Center, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiao-Qiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute;Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute;Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute;Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shi-Liang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute;Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meng-Zhong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute;Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Xi M, Xu C, Liao Z, Chang JY, Gomez DR, Jeter M, Cox JD, Komaki R, Mehran R, Blum MA, Hofstetter WL, Maru DM, Bhutani MS, Lee JH, Weston B, Ajani JA, Lin SH. Comparative Outcomes After Definitive Chemoradiotherapy Using Proton Beam Therapy Versus Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy for Esophageal Cancer: A Retrospective, Single-Institutional Analysis. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2017; 99:667-676. [PMID: 29280461 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.06.2450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Revised: 06/04/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare clinical outcomes between proton beam therapy (PBT) and intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) in patients with esophageal cancer (EC) treated with definitive chemoradiotherapy (CRT). METHODS AND MATERIALS From 2007 through 2014, 343 EC patients who received definitive CRT with either PBT (n=132) or IMRT (n=211) were retrospectively analyzed. Survival, recurrence, and treatment toxicity were compared between groups. A Cox proportional hazards regression model was performed to test the association between patient/treatment variables and survival. RESULTS Patient/treatment variables were overall well balanced, except for age and race. Compared with IMRT, PBT had significantly better overall survival (OS; P=.011), progression-free survival (PFS; P=.001), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS; P=.031), as well as marginally better locoregional failure-free survival (LRFFS; P=.075). No significant differences in rates of treatment-related toxicities were observed between groups. On multivariate analysis, IMRT had worse OS (hazard ratio [HR] 1.454; P=.01), PFS (HR 1.562; P=.001), and LRFFS (HR 1.461; P=.041) than PBT. Subgroup analysis by clinical stage revealed considerably higher 5-year OS (34.6% vs 25.0%, P=.038) and PFS rates (33.5% vs 13.2%, P=.005) in the PBT group for patients with stage III disease. However, no significant intergroup differences in survival were identified for stage I/II patients. CONCLUSIONS Compared with IMRT, PBT might be associated with improved OS, PFS, and LRFFS, especially in EC patients with locally advanced disease. These results need confirmation by prospective studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mian Xi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Cai Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital and Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongxing Liao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Joe Y Chang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Daniel R Gomez
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Melenda Jeter
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - James D Cox
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Ritsuko Komaki
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Reza Mehran
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Mariela A Blum
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Wayne L Hofstetter
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Dipen M Maru
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Manoop S Bhutani
- Department of Gastroenterology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jeffrey H Lee
- Department of Gastroenterology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Brian Weston
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital and Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jaffer A Ajani
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Steven H Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
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Ajani JA, Correa AM, Hofstetter WL, Rice DC, Blum MA, Suzuki A, Taketa T, Welsh J, Lin SH, Lee JH, Bhutani MS, Ross WA, Maru DM, Macapinlac HA, Erasmus J, Komaki R, Mehran RJ, Vaporciyan AA, Swisher SG. Clinical parameters model for predicting pathologic complete response following preoperative chemoradiation in patients with esophageal cancer. Ann Oncol 2012; 23:2638-2642. [PMID: 22831985 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mds210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Approximately 25% of patients with esophageal cancer (EC) who undergo preoperative chemoradiation, achieve a pathologic complete response (pathCR). We hypothesized that a model based on clinical parameters could predict pathCR with a high (≥60%) probability. PATIENTS AND METHODS We analyzed 322 patients with EC who underwent preoperative chemoradiation. All the patients had baseline and postchemoradiation positron emission tomography (PET) and pre- and postchemoradiation endoscopic biopsy. Logistic regression models were used for analysis, and cross-validation via the bootstrap method was carried out to test the model. RESULTS The 70 (21.7%) patients who achieved a pathCR lived longer (median overall survival [OS], 79.76 months) than the 252 patients who did not achieve a pathCR (median OS, 39.73 months; OS, P = 0.004; disease-free survival, P = 0.003). In a logistic regression analysis, the following parameters contributed to the prediction model: postchemoradiation PET, postchemoradiation biopsy, sex, histologic tumor grade, and baseline (EUS)T stage. The area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve was 0.72 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.662-0.787); after the bootstrap validation with 200 repetitions, the bias-corrected AU-ROC was 0.70 (95% CI 0.643-0.728). CONCLUSION Our data suggest that the logistic regression model can predict pathCR with a high probability. This clinical model could complement others (biomarkers) to predict pathCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Ajani
- Departments of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Houston, USA.
| | - A M Correa
- Departments of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Houston, USA
| | - W L Hofstetter
- Departments of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Houston, USA
| | - D C Rice
- Departments of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Houston, USA
| | - M A Blum
- Departments of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Houston, USA
| | - A Suzuki
- Departments of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Houston, USA
| | - T Taketa
- Departments of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Houston, USA
| | - J Welsh
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, Houston, USA
| | - S H Lin
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, Houston, USA
| | - J H Lee
- Departments of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Houston, USA
| | - M S Bhutani
- Departments of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Houston, USA
| | - W A Ross
- Departments of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Houston, USA
| | - D M Maru
- Departments of Pathology, Houston, USA
| | | | - J Erasmus
- Departments of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - R Komaki
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, Houston, USA
| | - R J Mehran
- Departments of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Houston, USA
| | - A A Vaporciyan
- Departments of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Houston, USA
| | - S G Swisher
- Departments of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Houston, USA
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Lennerz JK, Kwak EL, Ackerman A, Michael M, Fox SB, Bergethon K, Lauwers GY, Christensen JG, Wilner KD, Haber DA, Salgia R, Bang YJ, Clark JW, Solomon BJ, Iafrate AJ. MET amplification identifies a small and aggressive subgroup of esophagogastric adenocarcinoma with evidence of responsiveness to crizotinib. J Clin Oncol 2011; 29:4803-10. [PMID: 22042947 PMCID: PMC3255989 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.35.4928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 359] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2011] [Accepted: 06/20/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Amplification of the MET proto-oncogene in gastroesophageal cancer (GEC) may constitute a molecular marker for targeted therapy. We examined a GEC cohort with follow-up and reported the clinical response of four additional patients with MET-amplified tumors to the small molecule inhibitor crizotinib as part of an expanded phase I cohort study. PATIENTS AND METHODS From 2007 to 2009, patients with GEC were genetically screened as a consecutive series of 489 tumors (stages 0, I, and II, 39%; III, 25%; IV, 36%; n = 222 esophageal, including n = 21 squamous carcinomas). MET, EGFR, and HER2 amplification status was assessed by using fluorescence in situ hybridization. RESULTS Ten (2%) of 489 patients screened harbored MET amplification; 23 (4.7%) harbored EGFR amplification; 45 (8.9%) harbored HER2 amplification; and 411 (84%) were wild type for all three genes (ie, negative). MET-amplified tumors were typically high-grade adenocarcinomas that presented at advanced stages (5%; n = 4 of 80). EGFR-amplified tumors showed the highest fraction of squamous cell carcinoma (17%; n = 4 of 23). HER2, MET, and EGFR amplification were, with one exception (MET and EGFR positive), mutually exclusive events. Survival analysis in patients with stages III and IV disease showed substantially shorter median survival in MET/EGFR-amplified groups, with a rank order for all groups by median survival (from most to least aggressive): MET (7.1 months; P < .001) less than EGFR (11.2 months; P = .16) less than HER2 (16.9 months; P = .89) when compared with the negative group (16.2 months). Two of four patients with MET-amplified tumors treated with crizotinib experienced tumor shrinkage (-30% and -16%) and experienced progression after 3.7 and 3.5 months. CONCLUSION MET amplification defines a small and aggressive subset of GEC with indications of transient sensitivity to the targeted MET inhibitor crizotinib (PF-02341066).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jochen K. Lennerz
- Jochen K. Lennerz, A. John Iafrate, Kristin Bergethon, Gregory Y. Lauwers, Daniel A. Haber, Eunice L. Kwak, Jeffrey W. Clark, Allison Ackerman, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Michael Michael, Stephen B. Fox, Benjamin J. Solomon, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; James G. Christensen, Keith D. Wilner, Pfizer, La Jolla, CA; Ravi Salgia, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; and Yung-Jue Bang, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eunice L. Kwak
- Jochen K. Lennerz, A. John Iafrate, Kristin Bergethon, Gregory Y. Lauwers, Daniel A. Haber, Eunice L. Kwak, Jeffrey W. Clark, Allison Ackerman, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Michael Michael, Stephen B. Fox, Benjamin J. Solomon, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; James G. Christensen, Keith D. Wilner, Pfizer, La Jolla, CA; Ravi Salgia, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; and Yung-Jue Bang, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Allison Ackerman
- Jochen K. Lennerz, A. John Iafrate, Kristin Bergethon, Gregory Y. Lauwers, Daniel A. Haber, Eunice L. Kwak, Jeffrey W. Clark, Allison Ackerman, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Michael Michael, Stephen B. Fox, Benjamin J. Solomon, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; James G. Christensen, Keith D. Wilner, Pfizer, La Jolla, CA; Ravi Salgia, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; and Yung-Jue Bang, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Michael Michael
- Jochen K. Lennerz, A. John Iafrate, Kristin Bergethon, Gregory Y. Lauwers, Daniel A. Haber, Eunice L. Kwak, Jeffrey W. Clark, Allison Ackerman, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Michael Michael, Stephen B. Fox, Benjamin J. Solomon, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; James G. Christensen, Keith D. Wilner, Pfizer, La Jolla, CA; Ravi Salgia, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; and Yung-Jue Bang, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Stephen B. Fox
- Jochen K. Lennerz, A. John Iafrate, Kristin Bergethon, Gregory Y. Lauwers, Daniel A. Haber, Eunice L. Kwak, Jeffrey W. Clark, Allison Ackerman, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Michael Michael, Stephen B. Fox, Benjamin J. Solomon, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; James G. Christensen, Keith D. Wilner, Pfizer, La Jolla, CA; Ravi Salgia, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; and Yung-Jue Bang, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kristin Bergethon
- Jochen K. Lennerz, A. John Iafrate, Kristin Bergethon, Gregory Y. Lauwers, Daniel A. Haber, Eunice L. Kwak, Jeffrey W. Clark, Allison Ackerman, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Michael Michael, Stephen B. Fox, Benjamin J. Solomon, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; James G. Christensen, Keith D. Wilner, Pfizer, La Jolla, CA; Ravi Salgia, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; and Yung-Jue Bang, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Gregory Y. Lauwers
- Jochen K. Lennerz, A. John Iafrate, Kristin Bergethon, Gregory Y. Lauwers, Daniel A. Haber, Eunice L. Kwak, Jeffrey W. Clark, Allison Ackerman, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Michael Michael, Stephen B. Fox, Benjamin J. Solomon, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; James G. Christensen, Keith D. Wilner, Pfizer, La Jolla, CA; Ravi Salgia, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; and Yung-Jue Bang, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - James G. Christensen
- Jochen K. Lennerz, A. John Iafrate, Kristin Bergethon, Gregory Y. Lauwers, Daniel A. Haber, Eunice L. Kwak, Jeffrey W. Clark, Allison Ackerman, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Michael Michael, Stephen B. Fox, Benjamin J. Solomon, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; James G. Christensen, Keith D. Wilner, Pfizer, La Jolla, CA; Ravi Salgia, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; and Yung-Jue Bang, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Keith D. Wilner
- Jochen K. Lennerz, A. John Iafrate, Kristin Bergethon, Gregory Y. Lauwers, Daniel A. Haber, Eunice L. Kwak, Jeffrey W. Clark, Allison Ackerman, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Michael Michael, Stephen B. Fox, Benjamin J. Solomon, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; James G. Christensen, Keith D. Wilner, Pfizer, La Jolla, CA; Ravi Salgia, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; and Yung-Jue Bang, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Daniel A. Haber
- Jochen K. Lennerz, A. John Iafrate, Kristin Bergethon, Gregory Y. Lauwers, Daniel A. Haber, Eunice L. Kwak, Jeffrey W. Clark, Allison Ackerman, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Michael Michael, Stephen B. Fox, Benjamin J. Solomon, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; James G. Christensen, Keith D. Wilner, Pfizer, La Jolla, CA; Ravi Salgia, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; and Yung-Jue Bang, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ravi Salgia
- Jochen K. Lennerz, A. John Iafrate, Kristin Bergethon, Gregory Y. Lauwers, Daniel A. Haber, Eunice L. Kwak, Jeffrey W. Clark, Allison Ackerman, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Michael Michael, Stephen B. Fox, Benjamin J. Solomon, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; James G. Christensen, Keith D. Wilner, Pfizer, La Jolla, CA; Ravi Salgia, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; and Yung-Jue Bang, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yung-Jue Bang
- Jochen K. Lennerz, A. John Iafrate, Kristin Bergethon, Gregory Y. Lauwers, Daniel A. Haber, Eunice L. Kwak, Jeffrey W. Clark, Allison Ackerman, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Michael Michael, Stephen B. Fox, Benjamin J. Solomon, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; James G. Christensen, Keith D. Wilner, Pfizer, La Jolla, CA; Ravi Salgia, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; and Yung-Jue Bang, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jeffrey W. Clark
- Jochen K. Lennerz, A. John Iafrate, Kristin Bergethon, Gregory Y. Lauwers, Daniel A. Haber, Eunice L. Kwak, Jeffrey W. Clark, Allison Ackerman, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Michael Michael, Stephen B. Fox, Benjamin J. Solomon, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; James G. Christensen, Keith D. Wilner, Pfizer, La Jolla, CA; Ravi Salgia, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; and Yung-Jue Bang, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Benjamin J. Solomon
- Jochen K. Lennerz, A. John Iafrate, Kristin Bergethon, Gregory Y. Lauwers, Daniel A. Haber, Eunice L. Kwak, Jeffrey W. Clark, Allison Ackerman, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Michael Michael, Stephen B. Fox, Benjamin J. Solomon, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; James G. Christensen, Keith D. Wilner, Pfizer, La Jolla, CA; Ravi Salgia, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; and Yung-Jue Bang, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - A. John Iafrate
- Jochen K. Lennerz, A. John Iafrate, Kristin Bergethon, Gregory Y. Lauwers, Daniel A. Haber, Eunice L. Kwak, Jeffrey W. Clark, Allison Ackerman, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Michael Michael, Stephen B. Fox, Benjamin J. Solomon, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; James G. Christensen, Keith D. Wilner, Pfizer, La Jolla, CA; Ravi Salgia, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; and Yung-Jue Bang, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
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