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Suryanto ME, Luong CT, Vasquez RD, Roldan MJM, Hung CH, Ger TR, Hsiao CD. Using crayfish behavior assay as a simple and sensitive model to evaluate potential adverse effects of water pollution: Emphasis on antidepressants. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 265:115507. [PMID: 37742575 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
The freshwater crayfish, Procambarus clarkii is an excellent aquatic animal model that is highly adaptable and tolerant. P. clarkii is widely used as a toxicity model to study various pharmaceutical exposure. This animal model has complex behavioral traits and is considered sensitive to environmental changes, making it an excellent candidate to study psychoactive drugs based on a behavioral approach. However, up to now, most behavioral studies on crayfish use manual observation and scoring that require panelists. In this study, we aim to develop an automation pipeline to analyze crayfish behavior automatically. We use a deep-learning approach to label body parts in multiple crayfish, and based on the trajectory results, the intra- or inter-individual crayfish were calculated. Reliable and fast results of several behavior endpoints in multiple crayfish were retrieved. We then validated the detection performance of numerous crayfish in specific gender groups (male-male and female-female). Based on the result, the male crayfish displayed significantly higher aggression than females. We also tested the antidepressant exposure on this animal model to evaluate the psychoactive effects of this drug. As male crayfish display more distinct agonistic behavior than females, we exposed them to sertraline (SRT) 1 ppb for 7 and 14 days. It was revealed that sertraline was able to alter several behavioral endpoints in crayfish. Significant increases in extend claw ratio, total distance moved, average speed, and rapid movement were displayed in sertraline-exposed crayfish but decreased interaction time and longest interaction time. In addition, SRT 14 days exposure could atler the aggressiveness and bold behavior In the present method, DeepLabCut (DLC) has been utilized to analyze the locomotion behavior of multiple crayfish. This established method provides rapid and accurate ecotoxicity measurements using freshwater crayfish, which beneficient and applicable for environmental research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Edbert Suryanto
- Department of Chemistry, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 320314, Taiwan; Department of Bioscience Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 320314, Taiwan
| | - Cao Thang Luong
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Institute of Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, I-Shou University, Da-Shu, Kaohsiung City 84001, Taiwan
| | - Ross D Vasquez
- Research Center for the Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Santo Tomas, Manila 1015, the Philippines; The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, Manila 1015, the Philippines; Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santo Tomas, Espana Blvd., Manila 1015, the Philippines
| | - Marri Jmelou M Roldan
- The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, Manila 1015, the Philippines; Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santo Tomas, Espana Blvd., Manila 1015, the Philippines
| | - Chih-Hsin Hung
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Institute of Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, I-Shou University, Da-Shu, Kaohsiung City 84001, Taiwan
| | - Tzong-Rong Ger
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 320314, Taiwan.
| | - Chung-Der Hsiao
- Department of Chemistry, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 320314, Taiwan; Department of Bioscience Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 320314, Taiwan; Research Center for Aquatic Toxicology and Pharmacology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 320314, Taiwan.
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Chen Y, Fan Q, Liu Y, Shi Y, Luo H. Cardiovascular toxicity induced by SSRIs: Analysis of spontaneous reports submitted to FAERS. Psychiatry Res 2023; 326:115300. [PMID: 37364503 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Depression diagnoses have surged recently, and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are the go-to treatment. However, studies indicate that long-term use of SSRIs can increase cardiovascular risk without systematic evaluation of the drug class. To offer clinical guidance, we performed an evaluation of the association between the six most commonly prescribed SSRIs and cardiovascular adverse events. Using the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) from Q1 2004 to Q2 2022, we conducted a disproportionality analysis and determined the magnitude of significant signals using statistical shrinkage transformations. Our study revealed that arrhythmias, torsades de pointes/QT prolongation, cardiomyopathy, and hypertension were among the most prevalent adverse events linked to SSRIs. Our analysis also showed a significant association between SSRIs and the aforementioned adverse events, with higher incidence in middle-aged and elderly patients and women. We further observed a rising trend in the incidence of arrhythmias, torsades de pointes/QT prolongation, and hypertension, highlighting the need for heightened cardiac monitoring in patients on SSRIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukun Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Qingze Fan
- Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yue Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Hongli Luo
- Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
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Abbas R, Riley S, Nepal S, Bachinsky M, Lee KC, Chappell PB, Damle B. Lack of an Effect of Supratherapeutic Dose of Venlafaxine on Cardiac Repolarization in Healthy Subjects. Clin Pharmacol Drug Dev 2021; 11:100-111. [PMID: 34242472 DOI: 10.1002/cpdd.989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
This single-center, randomized, 3-way crossover thorough QT study evaluated the effect of steady-state supratherapeutic venlafaxine (Effexor) on cardiac repolarization. Fifty-four healthy adults received double-blinded extended-release venlafaxine 450 mg/d and placebo and open-label positive-control moxifloxacin 400 mg. The postdose QT intervals corrected for heart rate using the Fridericia formula (QTcF) were assessed on day 14 with an analysis of covariance using a mixed-effects model. At each time, the upper bound of the 2-sided 90%CI for time-matched least-squares (LS) mean difference between venlafaxine and placebo did not exceed the predefined cutoff of 10 milliseconds; the highest 90%CI upper bound was 5.8 milliseconds 24 hours postdose, demonstrating the lack of effect of venlafaxine on the QTc interval (primary objective). Assay sensitivity was established because the lower bound of the 2-sided 90%CI for LS mean difference in QTcF between moxifloxacin and placebo was 7.413 milliseconds on day 14 (postdose 3 hours). The exposure-response analysis demonstrated no evidence of increase in QTcF with increase in venlafaxine and desvenlafaxine concentrations. Also, supratherapeutic venlafaxine was found to be safe and well tolerated. Overall, the results demonstrated the lack of significant prolongation of the QTc interval with supratherapeutic venlafaxine 450 mg/d.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richat Abbas
- Medical Product Evaluation, Upjohn, Pfizer Inc., Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Steve Riley
- Global Product Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut, USA
| | - Sunil Nepal
- SKN Statistical Consulting Services LLC, Schwenksville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mary Bachinsky
- Global Product Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut, USA
| | - Kimberly C Lee
- Global Product Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut, USA
| | | | - Bharat Damle
- Global Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., New York, New York, USA
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Kevrekidis DP, Brousa E, Mastrogianni O, Orfanidis A, Gika HG, Raikos N. Risk factors for fatal drowning in a Greek region: a retrospective case-control study. Inj Prev 2020; 27:316-323. [PMID: 32769124 DOI: 10.1136/injuryprev-2020-043788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fatal drowning is one of the leading causes of unintentional injury mortality worldwide and a persistent public health concern in Greece. While several pathologic and sociodemographic contributing factors have been previously identified, these have not been extensively investigated in conjunction with the effects of psychoactive substances. METHODS A retrospective case-control study of drowning deaths was conducted in the Greek regions of Northern Greece and Thessaly during a 10-year period. A regression model was constructed examining differences in detected substances, autopsy findings and sociodemographic characteristics between 240 victims of unintentional fatal submersion and 480 victims of other causes of sudden or violent death. RESULTS The majority of victims were males (69.4%) and foreign nationality was associated with increased odds of drowning. Cardiomegaly and coronary bypass grafts were significantly more likely to have been recorded among drowning victims, while the frequency of other circulatory system disorders was also elevated. Several of these findings were potential arrhythmogenic substrates which could adversely interact with the diving reflex. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) were the most commonly detected pharmacological group (9.0%), and along with tramadol, there was an increased likelihood of exposure to them. These drugs have been previously associated with QT prolongation and other adverse effects which may contribute to fatal outcomes in a seawater environment. In contrast, there was a decreased risk of exposure to dependence-inducing drugs and paracetamol. CONCLUSIONS Male sex, older age, foreign nationality and cardiovascular disease predisposed individuals to an elevated risk of fatal submersion. SSRI antidepressants and tramadol may contribute to this outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Phaedon Kevrekidis
- Laboratory of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Department of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Evdokia Brousa
- Laboratory of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Department of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Amvrosios Orfanidis
- Laboratory of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Department of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Helen G Gika
- Laboratory of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Department of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Raikos
- Laboratory of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Department of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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