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Nieman R, Oliveira VP, Jayee B, Aquino AJA, Machado FBC, Lischka H. High-Level Multireference Investigations on the Electronic States in Single-Vacancy (SV) Graphene Defects Using a Pyrene-SV Model. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:8287-8296. [PMID: 37788047 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c04099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
The nonplanar character of graphene with a single carbon vacancy (SV) defect is investigated utilizing a pyrene-SV model system by way of complete-active-space self-consistent field theory (CASSCF) and multireference configuration interaction singles and doubles (MR-CISD) calculations. Planar structures were optimized with both methods, showing the 3B1 state to be the ground state with three energetically close states within an energy range of 1 eV. These planar structures constitute saddle points. However, following the out-of-plane imaginary frequency yields more stable (by 0.22 to 0.53 eV) but nonplanar structures of Cs symmetry. Of these, the 1A' structure is the lowest in energy and is strongly deformed into an L shape. Following a further out-of-plane imaginary frequency in the nonplanar structures leads to the most stable but most deformed singlet structure of C1 symmetry. In this structure, a bond is formed between the carbon atom with the dangling bond and a carbon of the cyclopentadienyl ring. This bond stabilizes the structure by more than 3 eV compared to the planar 3B1 structure. Higher excited states were calculated at the MR-CISD level, showing a grouping of four states low in energy and higher states starting around 3 eV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reed Nieman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Lubbock, Texas 79409-1061, United States
| | - Vytor P Oliveira
- Departamento de Química, Instituto Tecnológico da Aeronáutica, 12228-900 São José dos Campos-SP, Brazil
| | - Bhumika Jayee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Lubbock, Texas 79409-1061, United States
| | - Adelia J A Aquino
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
| | - Francisco B C Machado
- Departamento de Química, Instituto Tecnológico da Aeronáutica, 12228-900 São José dos Campos-SP, Brazil
| | - Hans Lischka
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Lubbock, Texas 79409-1061, United States
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2
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Schmitt HC, Fischer I, Ji L, Merz J, Marder TB, Hoche J, Röhr MIS, Mitric R. Isolated 2-hydroxypyrene and its dimer: a frequency- and time-resolved spectroscopic study. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj02391d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We investigated isolated 2-hydroxypyrene and its dimer in the gas phase by time- and frequency-resolved photoionisation with picosecond time-resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans-Christian Schmitt
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ingo Fischer
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Lei Ji
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Julia Merz
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Todd B. Marder
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Joscha Hoche
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Merle I. S. Röhr
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Theodor-Boveri-Weg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Roland Mitric
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
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Milanez BD, Chagas JCV, Pinheiro Jr M, Aquino AJA, Lischka H, Machado FBC. Effects on the aromaticity and on the biradicaloid nature of acenes by the inclusion of a cyclobutadiene linkage. Theor Chem Acc 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-020-02624-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Pinheiro M, Cardoso DVV, Aquino AJA, Machado FBC, Lischka H. The characterization of electronic defect states of single and double carbon vacancies in graphene sheets using molecular density functional theory. Mol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2019.1567848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Max Pinheiro
- Departamento de Química, Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Adélia J. A. Aquino
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
- Institute for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Vienna Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Hans Lischka
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
- Institute for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Vienna Vienna, Austria
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5
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Lischka H, Nachtigallová D, Aquino AJA, Szalay PG, Plasser F, Machado FBC, Barbatti M. Multireference Approaches for Excited States of Molecules. Chem Rev 2018; 118:7293-7361. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hans Lischka
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P.R. China
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 17, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Dana Nachtigallová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry v.v.i., The Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacký University, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Adélia J. A. Aquino
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P.R. China
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
- Institute for Soil Research, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Peter-Jordan-Strasse 82, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Péter G. Szalay
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Felix Plasser
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 17, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, United Kingdom
| | - Francisco B. C. Machado
- Departamento de Química, Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica, São José dos Campos 12228-900, São Paulo, Brazil
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Nieman R, Aquino AJA, Hardcastle TP, Kotakoski J, Susi T, Lischka H. Structure and electronic states of a graphene double vacancy with an embedded Si dopant. J Chem Phys 2017; 147:194702. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4999779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Reed Nieman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409-1061, USA
| | - Adélia J. A. Aquino
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409-1061, USA
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Trevor P. Hardcastle
- SuperSTEM Laboratory, STFC Daresbury Campus, Daresbury WA4 4AD, United Kingdom
- Faculty of Engineering, School of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Leeds, 211 Clarendon Rd., Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - Jani Kotakoski
- Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Boltzmanngasse 5, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Toma Susi
- Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Boltzmanngasse 5, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Hans Lischka
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409-1061, USA
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People’s Republic of China
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7
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Nakano M, Fukuda K, Ito S, Matsui H, Nagami T, Takamuku S, Kitagawa Y, Champagne B. Diradical and Ionic Characters of Open-Shell Singlet Molecular Systems. J Phys Chem A 2017; 121:861-873. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b11647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masayoshi Nakano
- Department
of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
- Center
for Spintronics Research Network (CSRN), Graduate School of Engineering
Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Kotaro Fukuda
- Department
of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Soichi Ito
- Department
of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Matsui
- Department
of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Takanori Nagami
- Department
of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Shota Takamuku
- Department
of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Yasutaka Kitagawa
- Department
of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
- Center
for Spintronics Research Network (CSRN), Graduate School of Engineering
Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Benoît Champagne
- Laboratoire
de Chimie Théorique, University of Namur, rue de Bruxelles,
61, 5000 Namur, Belgium
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8
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Cui ZH, Gupta A, Lischka H, Kertesz M. Concave or convex π-dimers: the role of the pancake bond in substituted phenalenyl radical dimers. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:23963-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp03759j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
π-stacking phenalenyl radical dimers are overwhelmingly convex (a) and not concave (b) due to electron sharing at the SOMO centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-hua Cui
- Department of Chemistry
- Georgetown University
- Washington
- USA
| | - Abhinav Gupta
- Department of Chemistry
- Georgetown University
- Washington
- USA
| | - Hans Lischka
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Texas Tech University
- Lubbock
- USA
- Institute for Theoretical Chemistry
| | - Miklos Kertesz
- Department of Chemistry
- Georgetown University
- Washington
- USA
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9
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Machado FBC, Aquino AJA, Lischka H. The electronic states of a double carbon vacancy defect in pyrene: a model study for graphene. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:12778-85. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp05751a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The unpaired density changes from the polyradical to closed shell character upon geometry relaxation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco B. C. Machado
- Departamento de Química
- Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica
- São José dos Campos
- São Paulo
- Brazil
| | - Adélia J. A. Aquino
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Texas Tech University Lubbock
- USA
- Institute for Theoretical Chemistry
- University of Vienna
| | - Hans Lischka
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Texas Tech University Lubbock
- USA
- Institute for Theoretical Chemistry
- University of Vienna
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