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Tan BB, Schwartz NE, Copes LE, Garland T. Effects of long-term voluntary wheel running and selective breeding for wheel running on femoral nutrient canals. J Anat 2024; 244:1015-1029. [PMID: 38303650 PMCID: PMC11095308 DOI: 10.1111/joa.14021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The nutrient artery provides ~50%-70% of the total blood volume to long bones in mammals. Studying the functional characteristics of this artery in vivo can be difficult and expensive, so most researchers have measured the nutrient foramen, an opening on the outer surface of the bone that served as the entry point for the nutrient artery during development and bone ossification. Others have measured the nutrient canal (i.e., the passage which the nutrient artery once occupied), given that the external dimensions of the foramen do not necessarily remain uniform from the periosteal surface to the medullary cavity. The nutrient canal, as an indicator of blood flow to long bones, has been proposed to provide a link to studying organismal activity (e.g., locomotor behavior) from skeletal morphology. However, although external loading from movement and activity causes skeletal remodeling, it is unclear whether it affects the size or configuration of nutrient canals. To investigate whether nutrient canals can exhibit phenotypic plasticity in response to physical activity, we studied a mouse model in which four replicate high runner (HR) lines have been selectively bred for high voluntary wheel-running behavior. The selection criterion is the average number of wheel revolutions on days 5 and 6 of a 6-day period of wheel access as young adults (~6-8 weeks old). An additional four lines are bred without selection to serve as controls (C). For this study, 100 female mice (half HR, half C) from generation 57 were split into an active group housed with wheels and a sedentary group housed without wheels for 12 weeks starting at ~24 days of age. Femurs were collected, soft tissues were removed, and femora were micro-computed tomography scanned at a resolution of 12 μm. We then imported these scans into AMIRA and created 3D models of femoral nutrient canals. We tested for evolved differences in various nutrient canal traits between HR and C mice, plastic changes resulting from chronic exercise, and the selection history-by-exercise interaction. We found few differences between the nutrient canals of HR versus C mice, or between the active and sedentary groups. We did find an interaction between selection history and voluntary exercise for the total number of nutrient canals per femur, in which wheel access increased the number of canals in C mice but decreased it in HR mice. Our results do not match those from an earlier study, conducted at generation 11, which was prior to the HR lines reaching selection limits for wheel running. The previous study found that mice from the HR lines had significantly larger total canal cross-sectional areas compared to those from C lines. However, this discrepancy is consistent with studies of other skeletal traits, which have found differences between HR and C mice to be somewhat inconsistent across generations, including the loss of some apparent adaptations with continued selective breeding after reaching a selection limit for wheel-running behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon B Tan
- Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Nicole E Schwartz
- Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Lynn E Copes
- Department of Medical Sciences, Frank H. Netter MD School of Medicine, Quinnipiac University, Hamden, Connecticut, USA
| | - Theodore Garland
- Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
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2
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Xiao CL, Liu LL, Tang W, Liu WY, Wu LY, Zhao K. Reduction of the trans-cortical vessel was associated with bone loss, another underlying mechanism of osteoporosis. Microvasc Res 2024; 152:104650. [PMID: 38123064 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2023.104650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Numerous studies have established a robust association between bone morrow microvascular diseases and osteoporosis. This study sought to investigate the relationship between alterations in trans-cortical vessel (TCVs) and the onset of osteoporosis in various mouse models. METHODS Aged mice, ovariectomized mice, and db/db mice, were utilized as osteoporosis models. TCVs in the tibia were detected using tissue clearing and light sheet fluorescence microscopy imaging. Femurs bone mass were analyzed using micro-CT scanning. Correlations between the number of TCVs and bone mass were analyzed using Pearson correlation analysis. RESULTS All osteoporosis mouse models showed a significant reduction in the number of TCVs compared to the control group. Correlation analysis revealed a positive association between the number of TCVs and bone mass. TCVs were also expressed high levels of CD31 and EMCN proteins as type H vessels. CONCLUSIONS This study underscores a consistent correlation between the number of TCVs and bone mass. Moreover, TCVs may serve as a potential biomarker for bone mass evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Lin Xiao
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, PR China
| | - Lu-Lin Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, PR China
| | - Wen Tang
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, PR China
| | - Wu-Yang Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, PR China
| | - Long-Yan Wu
- Ganzhou People's Hospital, Ganzhou, PR China.
| | - Kai Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, PR China; Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China.
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3
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Le T, Salas Sanchez A, Nashawi D, Kulkarni S, Prisby RD. Diabetes and the Microvasculature of the Bone and Marrow. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2024; 22:11-27. [PMID: 38198033 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-023-00841-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this review is to highlight the evidence of microvascular dysfunction in bone and marrow and its relation to poor skeletal outcomes in diabetes mellitus. RECENT FINDINGS Diabetes mellitus is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia, which may lead to microangiopathy and macroangiopathy. Micro- and macroangiopathy have been diagnosed in Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes, coinciding with osteopenia, osteoporosis, enhanced fracture risk and delayed fracture healing. Microangiopathy has been reported in the skeleton, correlating with reduced blood flow and perfusion, vasomotor dysfunction, microvascular rarefaction, reduced angiogenic capabilities, and augmented vascular permeability. Microangiopathy within the skeleton may be detrimental to bone and manifest as, among other clinical abnormalities, reduced mass, enhanced fracture risk, and delayed fracture healing. More investigations are required to elucidate the various mechanisms by which diabetic microvascular dysfunction impacts the skeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Le
- Bone Vascular and Microcirculation Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, 76019, USA
| | - Amanda Salas Sanchez
- Bone Vascular and Microcirculation Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, 76019, USA
| | - Danyah Nashawi
- Bone Vascular and Microcirculation Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, 76019, USA
| | - Sunidhi Kulkarni
- Bone Vascular and Microcirculation Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, 76019, USA
| | - Rhonda D Prisby
- Bone Vascular and Microcirculation Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, 76019, USA.
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4
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Zhang F, Wei L, Wang L, Wang T, Xie Z, Luo H, Li F, Zhang J, Dong W, Liu G, Kang Q, Zhu X, Peng W. FAR591 promotes the pathogenesis and progression of SONFH by regulating Fos expression to mediate the apoptosis of bone microvascular endothelial cells. Bone Res 2023; 11:27. [PMID: 37217464 PMCID: PMC10203311 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-023-00259-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The specific pathogenesis of steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (SONFH) is still not fully understood, and there is currently no effective early cure. Understanding the role and mechanism of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the pathogenesis of SONFH will help reveal the pathogenesis of SONFH and provide new targets for its early prevention and treatment. In this study, we first confirmed that glucocorticoid (GC)-induced apoptosis of bone microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) is a pre-event in the pathogenesis and progression of SONFH. Then, we identified a new lncRNA in BMECs via lncRNA/mRNA microarray, termed Fos-associated lincRNA ENSRNOT00000088059.1 (FAR591). FAR591 is highly expressed during GC-induced BMEC apoptosis and femoral head necrosis. Knockout of FAR591 effectively blocked the GC-induced apoptosis of BMECs, which then alleviated the damage of GCs to the femoral head microcirculation and inhibited the pathogenesis and progression of SONFH. In contrast, overexpression of FAR591 significantly promoted the GC-induced apoptosis of BMECs, which then aggravated the damage of GCs to the femoral head microcirculation and promoted the pathogenesis and progression of SONFH. Mechanistically, GCs activate the glucocorticoid receptor, which translocates to the nucleus and directly acts on the FAR591 gene promoter to induce FAR591 gene overexpression. Subsequently, FAR591 binds to the Fos gene promoter (-245∼-51) to form a stable RNA:DNA triplet structure and then recruits TATA-box binding protein associated factor 15 and RNA polymerase II to promote Fos expression through transcriptional activation. Fos activates the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway by regulating the expression of Bcl-2 interacting mediator of cell death (Bim) and P53 upregulated modulator of apoptosis (Puma) to mediate GC-induced apoptosis of BMECs, which leads to femoral head microcirculation dysfunction and femoral head necrosis. In conclusion, these results confirm the mechanistic link between lncRNAs and the pathogenesis of SONFH, which helps reveal the pathogenesis of SONFH and provides a new target for the early prevention and treatment of SONFH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Zhang
- Department of Emergency Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
| | - Lei Wei
- Department of Orthopedics, Rhode Island Hospital, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, 02903, USA
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
| | - Tao Wang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
| | - Zhihong Xie
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
| | - Hong Luo
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
| | - Fanchao Li
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Emergency Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
| | - Wentao Dong
- Department of Emergency Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Emergency Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
| | - Qinglin Kang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Xuesong Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215000, China
| | - Wuxun Peng
- Department of Emergency Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China.
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China.
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5
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Shi H, Zhao Z, Jiang W, Zhu P, Zhou N, Huang X. A Review Into the Insights of the Role of Endothelial Progenitor Cells on Bone Biology. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:878697. [PMID: 35686054 PMCID: PMC9173585 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.878697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to its important transport functions, the skeletal system is involved in complex biological activities for the regulation of blood vessels. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), as stem cells of endothelial cells (ECs), possess an effective proliferative capacity and a powerful angiogenic capacity prior to their differentiation. They demonstrate synergistic effects to promote bone regeneration and vascularization more effectively by co-culturing with multiple cells. EPCs demonstrate a significant therapeutic potential for the treatment of various bone diseases by secreting a combination of growth factors, regulating cellular functions, and promoting bone regeneration. In this review, we retrospect the definition and properties of EPCs, their interaction with mesenchymal stem cells, ECs, smooth muscle cells, and immune cells in bone regeneration, vascularization, and immunity, summarizing their mechanism of action and contribution to bone biology. Additionally, we generalized their role and potential mechanisms in the treatment of various bone diseases, possibly indicating their clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henglei Shi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Disease Treatment, Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacia Reconstruction, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surg Deformity, Nanning, China
| | - Zhenchen Zhao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Disease Treatment, Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacia Reconstruction, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surg Deformity, Nanning, China
| | - Weidong Jiang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Disease Treatment, Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacia Reconstruction, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surg Deformity, Nanning, China
| | - Peiqi Zhu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Disease Treatment, Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacia Reconstruction, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surg Deformity, Nanning, China
| | - Nuo Zhou
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Disease Treatment, Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacia Reconstruction, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surg Deformity, Nanning, China
| | - Xuanping Huang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Disease Treatment, Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacia Reconstruction, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surg Deformity, Nanning, China
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6
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D’Alessandro D, Ricci C, Milazzo M, Strangis G, Forli F, Buda G, Petrini M, Berrettini S, Uddin MJ, Danti S, Parchi P. Piezoelectric Signals in Vascularized Bone Regeneration. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1731. [PMID: 34827729 PMCID: PMC8615512 DOI: 10.3390/biom11111731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The demand for bone substitutes is increasing in Western countries. Bone graft substitutes aim to provide reconstructive surgeons with off-the-shelf alternatives to the natural bone taken from humans or animal species. Under the tissue engineering paradigm, biomaterial scaffolds can be designed by incorporating bone stem cells to decrease the disadvantages of traditional tissue grafts. However, the effective clinical application of tissue-engineered bone is limited by insufficient neovascularization. As bone is a highly vascularized tissue, new strategies to promote both osteogenesis and vasculogenesis within the scaffolds need to be considered for a successful regeneration. It has been demonstrated that bone and blood vases are piezoelectric, namely, electric signals are locally produced upon mechanical stimulation of these tissues. The specific effects of electric charge generation on different cells are not fully understood, but a substantial amount of evidence has suggested their functional and physiological roles. This review summarizes the special contribution of piezoelectricity as a stimulatory signal for bone and vascular tissue regeneration, including osteogenesis, angiogenesis, vascular repair, and tissue engineering, by considering different stem cell sources entailed with osteogenic and angiogenic potential, aimed at collecting the key findings that may enable the development of successful vascularized bone replacements useful in orthopedic and otologic surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delfo D’Alessandro
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular Pathology and Emergency Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (D.D.); (F.F.); (S.B.)
| | - Claudio Ricci
- Department of Translational Research and of New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (C.R.); (P.P.)
| | - Mario Milazzo
- The BioRobotics Intitute, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, 56024 Pontedera, Italy;
| | - Giovanna Strangis
- Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, University of Pisa, 56122 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Francesca Forli
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular Pathology and Emergency Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (D.D.); (F.F.); (S.B.)
| | - Gabriele Buda
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (G.B.); (M.P.)
| | - Mario Petrini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (G.B.); (M.P.)
| | - Stefano Berrettini
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular Pathology and Emergency Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (D.D.); (F.F.); (S.B.)
| | - Mohammed Jasim Uddin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX 78539, USA;
| | - Serena Danti
- The BioRobotics Intitute, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, 56024 Pontedera, Italy;
- Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, University of Pisa, 56122 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Paolo Parchi
- Department of Translational Research and of New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (C.R.); (P.P.)
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7
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Salles S, Shepherd J, Vos HJ, Renaud G. Revealing Intraosseous Blood Flow in the Human Tibia With Ultrasound. JBMR Plus 2021; 5:e10543. [PMID: 34761147 PMCID: PMC8567494 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Intraosseous blood circulation is thought to have a critical role in bone growth and remodeling, fracture healing, and bone disorders. However, it is rarely considered in clinical practice because of the absence of a suitable noninvasive in vivo measurement technique. In this work, we assessed blood perfusion in tibial cortical bone simultaneously with blood flow in the superficial femoral artery with ultrasound imaging in five healthy volunteers. After suppression of stationary signal with singular‐value‐decomposition, pulsatile blood flow in cortical bone tissue is revealed, following the heart rate measured in the femoral artery. Using a method combining transverse oscillations and phase‐based motion estimation, 2D vector flow was obtained in the cortex of the tibia. After spatial averaging over the cortex, the peak blood velocity along the long axis of the tibia was measured at four times larger than the peak blood velocity across the bone cortex. This suggests that blood flow in central (Haversian) canals is larger than in perforating (Volkmann's) canals, as expected from the intracortical vascular organization in humans. The peak blood velocity indicates a flow from the endosteum to the periosteum and from the heart to the foot for all subjects. Because aging and the development of bone disorders are thought to modify the direction and velocity of intracortical blood flow, their quantification is crucial. This work reports for the first time an in vivo quantification of the direction and velocity of blood flow in human cortical bone. © 2021 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Salles
- Laboratoire d'Imagerie Biomédicale Sorbonne Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Unités Mixtes de Recherche (UMR) 7371, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR S 1146 Paris France
| | - Jami Shepherd
- Laboratoire d'Imagerie Biomédicale Sorbonne Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Unités Mixtes de Recherche (UMR) 7371, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR S 1146 Paris France.,Dodd-Walls Centre for Photonic and Quantum Technologies, Department of Physics University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand
| | - Hendrik J Vos
- Department of Cardiology Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Guillaume Renaud
- Laboratoire d'Imagerie Biomédicale Sorbonne Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Unités Mixtes de Recherche (UMR) 7371, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR S 1146 Paris France.,Department of Imaging Physics Delft University of Technology Delft The Netherlands
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8
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Han X, Sun M, Chen B, Saiding Q, Zhang J, Song H, Deng L, Wang P, Gong W, Cui W. Lotus seedpod-inspired internal vascularized 3D printed scaffold for bone tissue repair. Bioact Mater 2020; 6:1639-1652. [PMID: 33313444 PMCID: PMC7701916 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2020.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the field of bone defect repair, 3D printed scaffolds have the characteristics of personalized customization and accurate internal structure. However, how to construct a well-structured vascular network quickly and effectively inside the scaffold is essential for bone repair after transplantation. Herein, inspired by the unique biological structure of "lotus seedpod", hydrogel microspheres encapsulating deferoxamine (DFO) liposomes were prepared through microfluidic technology as "lotus seeds", and skillfully combined with a three-dimensional (3D) printed bioceramic scaffold with biomimetic "lotus" biological structure which can internally grow blood vessels. In this composite scaffold system, DFO was effectively released by 36% in the first 6 h, which was conducive to promote the growth of blood vessels inside the scaffold quickly. In the following 7 days, the release rate of DFO reached 69%, which was fundamental in the formation of blood vessels inside the scaffold as well as osteogenic differentiation of bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). It was confirmed that the composite scaffold could significantly promote the human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) to form the vascular morphology within 6 h in vitro. In vivo, the composite scaffold increased the expression of vascularization and osteogenic related proteins Hif1-α, CD31, OPN, and OCN in the rat femoral defect model, significantly cutting down the time of bone repair. To sum up, this "lotus seedpod" inspired porous bioceramic 3D printed scaffold with internal vascularization functionality has broad application prospects in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Han
- Department of Orthopedics, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 105 Jiefang Road, Lixia District, Jinan, Shandong, 250013, PR China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Mingjie Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 105 Jiefang Road, Lixia District, Jinan, Shandong, 250013, PR China
| | - Bo Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Qimanguli Saiding
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Junyue Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 105 Jiefang Road, Lixia District, Jinan, Shandong, 250013, PR China
| | - Hongliang Song
- Department of Orthopedics, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 105 Jiefang Road, Lixia District, Jinan, Shandong, 250013, PR China
| | - Lianfu Deng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 105 Jiefang Road, Lixia District, Jinan, Shandong, 250013, PR China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Weiming Gong
- Department of Orthopedics, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 105 Jiefang Road, Lixia District, Jinan, Shandong, 250013, PR China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Wenguo Cui
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
- Corresponding author.
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