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Hoque J, Zeng Y, Newman H, Gonzales G, Lee C, Varghese S. Microgel-Assisted Delivery of Adenosine to Accelerate Fracture Healing. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:4863-4872. [PMID: 36266245 PMCID: PMC11188841 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c00977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular adenosine plays a key role in promoting bone tissue formation. Local delivery of adenosine could be an effective therapeutic strategy to harness the beneficial effect of extracellular adenosine on bone tissue formation following injury. Herein, we describe the development of an injectable in situ curing scaffold containing microgel-based adenosine delivery units. The two-component scaffold includes adenosine-loaded microgels and functionalized hyaluronic acid (HA) molecules. The microgels were generated upon copolymerization of 3-acrylamidophenylboronic acid (3-APBA)- and 2-aminoethylmethacrylamide (2-AEMA)-conjugated HA (HA-AEMA) in an emulsion suspension. The PBA functional groups were used to load the adenosine molecules. Mixing of the microgels with the HA polymers containing clickable groups, dibenzocyclooctyne (DBCO) and azide (HA-DBCO and HA-Azide), resulted in a 3D scaffold embedded with adenosine delivery units. Application of the in situ curing scaffolds containing adenosine-loaded microgels following tibial fracture injury showed improved bone tissue healing in a mouse model as demonstrated by the reduced callus size, higher bone volume, and increased tissue mineral density compared to those treated with the scaffold without adenosine. Overall, our results suggest that local delivery of adenosine could potentially be an effective strategy to promote bone tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaul Hoque
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27710, United States
| | - Yuze Zeng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27710, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27710, United States
| | - Hunter Newman
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27710, United States
| | - Gavin Gonzales
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27710, United States
| | - Cheryl Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27710, United States
| | - Shyni Varghese
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27710, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27710, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27710, United States
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Ko MJ, Hong H, Choi H, Kang H, Kim D. Multifunctional Magnetic Nanoparticles for Dynamic Imaging and Therapy. ADVANCED NANOBIOMED RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/anbr.202200053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Min Jun Ko
- Department of Radiology Feinberg School of Medicine Northwestern University Chicago IL 60611 USA
| | - Hyunsik Hong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea University Seoul 02841 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjun Choi
- Department of Radiology Feinberg School of Medicine Northwestern University Chicago IL 60611 USA
- Department of Bioengineering University of Illinois at Chicago Chicago IL 60607 USA
| | - Heemin Kang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea University Seoul 02841 Republic of Korea
- College of Medicine Korea University Seoul 02841 Republic of Korea
| | - Dong‐Hyun Kim
- Department of Radiology Feinberg School of Medicine Northwestern University Chicago IL 60611 USA
- Department of Bioengineering University of Illinois at Chicago Chicago IL 60607 USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering McCormick School of Engineering Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center Northwestern University Chicago Illinois 60611 USA
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Park HJ, Hong H, Thangam R, Song MG, Kim JE, Jo EH, Jang YJ, Choi WH, Lee MY, Kang H, Lee KB. Static and Dynamic Biomaterial Engineering for Cell Modulation. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12081377. [PMID: 35458085 PMCID: PMC9028203 DOI: 10.3390/nano12081377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
In the biological microenvironment, cells are surrounded by an extracellular matrix (ECM), with which they dynamically interact during various biological processes. Specifically, the physical and chemical properties of the ECM work cooperatively to influence the behavior and fate of cells directly and indirectly, which invokes various physiological responses in the body. Hence, efficient strategies to modulate cellular responses for a specific purpose have become important for various scientific fields such as biology, pharmacy, and medicine. Among many approaches, the utilization of biomaterials has been studied the most because they can be meticulously engineered to mimic cellular modulatory behavior. For such careful engineering, studies on physical modulation (e.g., ECM topography, stiffness, and wettability) and chemical manipulation (e.g., composition and soluble and surface biosignals) have been actively conducted. At present, the scope of research is being shifted from static (considering only the initial environment and the effects of each element) to biomimetic dynamic (including the concepts of time and gradient) modulation in both physical and chemical manipulations. This review provides an overall perspective on how the static and dynamic biomaterials are actively engineered to modulate targeted cellular responses while highlighting the importance and advance from static modulation to biomimetic dynamic modulation for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung-Joon Park
- Department of Interdisciplinary Biomicrosystem Technology, College of Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea;
| | - Hyunsik Hong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (H.H.); (R.T.)
| | - Ramar Thangam
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (H.H.); (R.T.)
- Institute for High Technology Materials and Devices, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Min-Gyo Song
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Health Science, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (M.-G.S.); (W.-H.C.); (M.-Y.L.)
| | - Ju-Eun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (J.-E.K.); (E.-H.J.)
| | - Eun-Hae Jo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (J.-E.K.); (E.-H.J.)
| | - Yun-Jeong Jang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Armour College of Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, USA;
| | - Won-Hyoung Choi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Health Science, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (M.-G.S.); (W.-H.C.); (M.-Y.L.)
| | - Min-Young Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Health Science, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (M.-G.S.); (W.-H.C.); (M.-Y.L.)
| | - Heemin Kang
- Department of Interdisciplinary Biomicrosystem Technology, College of Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea;
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (H.H.); (R.T.)
- Correspondence: (H.K.); (K.-B.L.)
| | - Kyu-Back Lee
- Department of Interdisciplinary Biomicrosystem Technology, College of Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea;
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Health Science, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (M.-G.S.); (W.-H.C.); (M.-Y.L.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (J.-E.K.); (E.-H.J.)
- Correspondence: (H.K.); (K.-B.L.)
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Pires RF, Conde J, Bonifácio VDB. Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells by the Single Action of Luminescent Polyurea Oxide Biodendrimers. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:9101-9108. [PMID: 35019587 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Polyurea oxide (PURO) biodendrimers are a class of dendrimers that can trigger osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). PURO biodendrimers are prepared by simple, solventless oxidation of polyurea dendrimers using hydrogen peroxide as the oxidant in quantitative yield, retaining both biocompatibility (up to 10 mg/mL for higher generations) and the non-traditional intrinsic luminescence. The effect of PURO biodendrimers in the differentiation of hMSCs was found by the single addition to a standard growth medium for MSCs differentiation (without differentiation inducers). After 21 days of incubation, the formation of osteoblasts was confirmed by the alizarin red staining assay and alkaline phosphatase activity. This is the first report of in vitro osteodifferentiation fully regulated by synthetic soft polymers such as dendrimers. Current osteogenic differentiation protocols rely on an in vitro inducing formulation (including dexamethasone, ascorbic acid, and β-glycerophosphate), which lacks therapeutic potential in vivo. The outstanding role of dendrimers in nanomedicine, under clinic translation, combined with this feature is envisaged to foster PURO dendrimers as an important strategy in cell therapy and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita F Pires
- iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
| | - João Conde
- NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa 1169-056, Portugal.,Centre for Toxicogenomics and Human Health (ToxOmics), Genetics, Oncology and Human Toxicology, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa 1169-056, Portugal
| | - Vasco D B Bonifácio
- iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
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Rana D, Kumar S, Webster TJ, Ramalingam M. Impact of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells in Bone Repair and Regeneration. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2019; 17:226-234. [PMID: 31256323 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-019-00519-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The main objective of this article is to investigate the current trends in the use of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) for bone tissue repair and regeneration. RECENT FINDINGS Pluripotent stem cell-based tissue engineering has extended innovative therapeutic approaches for regenerative medicine. iPSCs have shown osteogenic differentiation capabilities and would be an innovative resource of stem cells for bone tissue regenerative applications. This review recapitulates the current knowledge and recent progress regarding utilization of iPSCs for bone therapy. A review of current findings suggests that a combination of a three-dimensional scaffolding system with iPSC technology to mimic the physiological complexity of the native stem cell niche is highly favorable for bone tissue repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepti Rana
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Technical Medical Centre, University of Twente, 7522 NB, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Centre for Stem Cell Research, Christian Medical College Campus, Vellore, 632002, India
| | - Thomas J Webster
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Murugan Ramalingam
- Biomaterials and Stem Cell Engineering Lab, Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular and Molecular Theranostics, School of Mechanical Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology (Deemed to be University), Vellore, 632014, India.
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Baird A, Dominguez Falcon N, Saeed A, Guest DJ. Biocompatible Three-Dimensional Printed Thermoplastic Scaffold for Osteoblast Differentiation of Equine Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2019; 25:253-261. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2018.0343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Arabella Baird
- Centre for Preventive Medicine, Animal Health Trust, Newmarket, United Kingdom
| | | | - Aram Saeed
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Deborah Jane Guest
- Centre for Preventive Medicine, Animal Health Trust, Newmarket, United Kingdom
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Shih YV, Varghese S. Tissue engineered bone mimetics to study bone disorders ex vivo: Role of bioinspired materials. Biomaterials 2019; 198:107-121. [PMID: 29903640 PMCID: PMC6281816 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in materials development and tissue engineering has resulted in a substantial number of bioinspired materials that recapitulate cardinal features of bone extracellular matrix (ECM) such as dynamic inorganic and organic environment(s), hierarchical organization, and topographical features. Bone mimicking materials, as defined by its self-explanatory term, are developed based on the current understandings of the natural bone ECM during development, remodeling, and fracture repair. Compared to conventional plastic cultures, biomaterials that resemble some aspects of the native environment could elicit a more natural molecular and cellular response relevant to the bone tissue. Although current bioinspired materials are mainly developed to assist tissue repair or engineer bone tissues, such materials could nevertheless be applied to model various skeletal diseases in vitro. This review summarizes the use of bioinspired materials for bone tissue engineering, and their potential to model diseases of bone development and remodeling ex vivo. We largely focus on biomaterials, designed to re-create different aspects of the chemical and physical cues of native bone ECM. Employing these bone-inspired materials and tissue engineered bone surrogates to study bone diseases has tremendous potential and will provide a closer portrayal of disease progression and maintenance, both at the cellular and tissue level. We also briefly touch upon the application of patient-derived stem cells and introduce emerging technologies such as organ-on-chip in disease modeling. Faithful recapitulation of disease pathologies will not only offer novel insights into diseases, but also lead to enabling technologies for drug discovery and new approaches for cell-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuru Vernon Shih
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
| | - Shyni Varghese
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
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Beach KM, Hung LF, Arumugam B, Smith EL, Ostrin LA. Adenosine receptor distribution in Rhesus monkey ocular tissue. Exp Eye Res 2018; 174:40-50. [PMID: 29792846 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2018.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Adenosine receptor (ADOR) antagonists, such as 7-methylxanthine (7-MX), have been shown to slow myopia progression in humans and animal models. Adenosine receptors are found throughout the body, and regulate the release of neurotransmitters such as dopamine and glutamate. However, the role of adenosine in eye growth is unclear. Evidence suggests that 7-MX increases scleral collagen fibril diameter, hence preventing axial elongation. This study used immunohistochemistry (IHC) and reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) to examine the distribution of the four ADORs in the normal monkey eye to help elucidate potential mechanisms of action. Eyes were enucleated from six Rhesus monkeys. Anterior segments and eyecups were separated into components and flash-frozen for RNA extraction or fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde and processed for immunohistochemistry against ADORA1, ADORA2a, ADORA2b, and ADORA3. RNA was reverse-transcribed, and qPCR was performed using custom primers. Relative gene expression was calculated using the ΔΔCt method normalizing to liver expression, and statistical analysis was performed using Relative Expression Software Tool. ADORA1 immunostaining was highest in the iris sphincter muscle, trabecular meshwork, ciliary epithelium, and retinal nerve fiber layer. ADORA2a immunostaining was highest in the corneal epithelium, trabecular meshwork, ciliary epithelium, retinal nerve fiber layer, and scleral fibroblasts. ADORA2b immunostaining was highest in corneal basal epithelium, limbal stem cells, iris sphincter, ciliary muscle, ciliary epithelium, choroid, isolated retinal ganglion cells and scattered scleral fibroblasts. ADORA3 immunostaining was highest in the iris sphincter, ciliary muscle, ciliary epithelium, choroid, isolated retinal ganglion cells, and scleral fibroblasts. Compared to liver mRNA, ADORA1 mRNA was significantly higher in the brain, retina and choroid, and significantly lower in the iris/ciliary body. ADORA2a expression was higher in brain and retina, ADORA2b expression was higher in retina, and ADORA3 was higher in the choroid. In conclusion, immunohistochemistry and RT-qPCR indicated differential patterns of expression of the four adenosine receptors in the ocular tissues of the normal non-human primate. The presence of ADORs in scleral fibroblasts and the choroid may support mechanisms by which ADOR antagonists prevent myopia. The potential effects of ADOR inhibition on both anterior and posterior ocular structures warrant investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krista M Beach
- University of Houston College of Optometry, 4901 Calhoun Rd, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Li-Fang Hung
- University of Houston College of Optometry, 4901 Calhoun Rd, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Baskar Arumugam
- University of Houston College of Optometry, 4901 Calhoun Rd, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Earl L Smith
- University of Houston College of Optometry, 4901 Calhoun Rd, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Lisa A Ostrin
- University of Houston College of Optometry, 4901 Calhoun Rd, Houston, TX 77204, USA.
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